Alfred bernhard Nobel was born in Stockholm, Sweden. He is an outstanding chemist, engineer, inventor and entrepreneur. During his lifetime, he obtained 355 patents for technological inventions, among which the invention of nitroglycerin to make explosives was the most famous. He not only engaged in research and invention, but also carried out industrial practice and set up industry. He opened about 100 companies and factories in 20 countries on five continents, such as Europe and America, and accumulated huge wealth.

When Nobel died, he made a will: "Please turn my property into a fund, and use the interest of this fund as a bonus every year to reward those who made good contributions to mankind in the previous year." According to his will,19011210 was first issued on the 5th anniversary of Nobel's death. Since then, in addition to the wartime interruption, the king will hold a grand award ceremony in Stockholm, Sweden and Oslo, Norway on this day every year.