I. Shaolin Temple
Shaolin Temple was founded in the 19th year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (495). It was built by Emperor Xiaowen at the northern foot of Shaoshi Mountain in Songshan Mountain, facing the capital Luoyang, to house the venerable Indian monk Bhattara. Shaolin Temple is often hospitalized, covering an area of about 57,600 square meters. The current abbot is Shi Yongxin, the 47th and 33rd generation descendant of Cao Dong. Shaolin Temple is a world-famous Buddhist temple and the ancestral home of Zen in Han Dynasty. It occupies an important position in the history of Buddhism in China and is known as "the first temple in the world". It is famous all over the world because Shaolin monks have devoted themselves to developing Shaolin Kung Fu, and is known as "Shaolin Kung Fu is the best in the world".
Second, Songyang Academy.
The architectural layout of Songyang Academy has maintained the architectural layout of the Qing Dynasty. There are more than 500 halls and galleries, covering an area of 10084.4 square meters, with a width of 78.6 meters from east to west and a length of 128.3 meters from north to south. The central axis building is divided into five courtyards, which are the gate, the first hall, the lecture hall, the Taoist temple and the library from south to north. The houses on both sides of the central axis are hard-mountain buildings, including Zhu Cheng Temple, Lizetang, Boyuezhai, Monument Gallery, etc. 26 buildings in Qing dynasty 108 rooms are preserved. The academy education system was abolished in the late Qing Dynasty. As the cultural carrier of this disappearing system, Songyang Academy has played an important role in studying the ancient academy architecture, education system and Confucian culture in China. As a historical site, it is also of great and far-reaching significance to modern education and culture.
Third, Zhongyue Temple
Zhongyue Temple is backed by Huanggaifeng, facing Panyushan, facing the ridge in the west, Mu Zi Hill in the east and surrounded by mountains on all sides. It has a meticulous layout and a large scale. Formerly known as Taishi Temple, the regulations were basically retained after the reconstruction in the Qing Dynasty. The central axis of Zhongyue Temple is 650 meters long, with 7 buildings, 1 1 floor. The buildings on the central axis are tall and majestic. There are 39 temples, palaces, buildings and pavilions in the temple, and there are 73 ancient monuments in the temple, including more than 330 ancient cypresses from Han Dynasty to Qing Dynasty. The complete architectural layout makes Zhongyue Hall a huge building complex with distinct primary and secondary, patchwork, compact layout and harmonious tone. The architecture and inscriptions of Zhongyue Temple are important materials for studying Shu Wei's calligraphy, Taoist history and religious history of Zhongyue Temple.
Fourth, Tallinn
Tallinn of Shaolin Temple, located about 250 meters west of Shaolin Temple in Dengfeng City, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, is the ancestor of Shaolin Temple and consists of pagodas of ancient monks' tombs. It is the largest existing Tallinn in China, with 248 ancient masonry pagodas and various tomb pagodas with mixed brick, stone and masonry structures. Its shapes are octagonal, hexagonal, square, circular and conical, and its construction dates are Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing.
Tallinn in Shaolin Temple is the tomb of Shaolin Temple monks. After the death of a famous Buddhist monk, he put the ashes or bones into the underground palace and built a tower on it to show his merits. The height, size and number of stories of the pagoda are mainly determined by the Buddhist attainments, prestige and merits of the monks before their death. The number of floors of the tower is different, generally from one to seven, and the height is about less than l5 meters, with square, hexagonal and octagonal shapes. There are cylinders and vertebral bodies; There are linear and parabolic shapes; There are bottle-shaped, trumpet-shaped, pavilion-shaped, dense eaves-shaped, pavilion-shaped, Lama-shaped, architectural and monument-shaped towers. These towers are representative works of various historical periods, with various types and strange shapes. They are a treasure house for comprehensive study of ancient architecture, calligraphy and sculpture in China.
Except for an ordinary tower in the Tang Dynasty, an ordinary tower in the Song Dynasty and an ordinary tower of unknown age, all the others are personal towers. Among them, the "Fawan Zen Master Tower" in the Tang Dynasty is the oldest brick tower in Tallinn. It is located in the northwest of Tallinn. It was built in 79 1 year (the seventh year of Tang Zhenyuan). It is a square single-story single-eave brick tower with a height of 8 meters. Except for the tower gate, tower brake and tower inscription, they are all made of water mill bricks. The tower door is decorated with flying and high relief flying.