Electronic signature refers to the data contained in any data message in electronic form and attached to identify the identity of the signer and show that the signer approves its content; In a narrow sense, electronic signature is a digital signature using PKI system.

Digital certificate is a network digital identity certificate of an individual or enterprise, which is issued and managed by an authoritative notarized third-party certification body (CA).

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We personally need an ID card to confirm and show our identity in real life, and we also need a digital certificate to confirm and show our identity in the online world. Digital certificate is based on cryptography, using digital signature, digital envelope, time stamp service and other technologies to establish an effective trust mechanism on the Internet. Specifically, it mainly includes the information of the certificate owner, the public key of the certificate owner and the signature of the certificate issuing authority.