Yin is pronounced as yin, and the second homophone is: Yin Yin Yin

Sui is pronounced as sui, the first homophone is: although urine coriander

Nai Pronounced as nai, the homophone for the fourth tone is: Nainaiji

Han is pronounced as han, and the homophone for the second tone is: Hanhanhan

At this time, I discovered that Cao Wen was talking about "Ke" has two readings: kè and què in Beijing and Tianjin.

The understanding of Mr. Chen Yinke's attitude towards different readings is not fundamentally different from that of Zhuowen. Even the word "ke" in Mr. Chen's signature is pronounced with "koh" and "h" means entering the tone.

So, what’s the difference? First of all, Zhuo Wen approaches it from the perspective of phonetic evolution, while Cao Wen approaches it from the perspective of different readings of text. In other words, Zhuowen pays more attention to diachronic issues, while Cao Wen pays more attention to temporal issues. So it seemed like the discussions between us were not on the same level. And I think that the emergence of different pronunciations in Wenbai is actually caused by the evolution of phonetics. This point will be discussed below. Due to different entry points, we have different understandings of the following two issues: ① Cao Wen believes that in view of Mr. Chen Yinke’s situation, it is better to read què, while Zhuo Wen believes that in formal occasions, kè should be read according to the standards. For other people, if there is "ke" in their name, of course the pronunciation is kè. ② Cao Wen believes that the umlaut què of "Ke" is in line with the law of phonetic evolution, while Zhuo Wen believes that it is an exception to the rule and a special case.

Two issues are involved here: ① understanding and research of sound changes, ② sorting out and standardizing sound changes.

Are the sound changes consistent with the rules? Are there any exceptions to the rule? I think the answer is already there. Of course there are exceptions.

Now let’s talk about the problem of the palatalization of the dental-glossal part of the characters in the Guangqie rhyme system that today is pronounced as j/q/x initial consonants. This palatinization varies according to the first, second, third, and fourth grades and the opening and closing of the mouth, and it has different manifestations in different areas, showing an irregular state. This has been explained in my article and will not be repeated here.

Regularly speaking, the first-class characters of dental and guttural sounds do not show palatalization. Is this fact true? I thought it was real. "Ke" is a first-class word. Is this true? I thought so. Then, the conclusion can only be: "Ke" pronounced as què is against the rules and is an exception to the rules. If Mr. Cao doesn’t think so, please give an example. In fact, I'm trying to find other examples of first-class palatalization. The "Ke" article in Volume 4 of Qian Daxin's "Shi Jia Zhai Yang Xin Lu" mentions that during the Tianqi period of the Ming Dynasty, the character "Ke" in Beijing was already transliterated as "egg", and also mentioned that "Yuan Lie's family may be called Ke" in "Yuan Shi" "Strong", Ke is the first-class character of Ximu. Is this evidence that the character "Ke" has become palatal (if so, it is really incredible)? Of course, on the other hand, could it be evidence that the word "coward" has not yet become palatable? I checked the "Encyclopedia of China·Chinese History" and found that the pronunciation of the Kelie tribe was Kereyid. This proves that at that time, even the third-class word "coward" was not palatalized. It is impossible to prove that the pronunciation of "ke" is in line with the rules by using the pronunciation of "ke" qiě. Because "ke" is a second-class word, which is one level away from the first-class word "ke". This and other arguments have been analyzed in detail in my article. Cao Wen didn't seem to look at it at all. When we discuss issues, we can only proceed from academic principles and reality, and cannot proceed from anything else. You can’t say what a celebrity has decided is the final word. If we want to use the palatalization of second-class characters to prove that first-class characters can also be palatalized, then there is a closer example in Beijing dialect, which is the word "ke". This character has three sounds in Beijing dialect: ké/què /qiào, although the què in it was abolished in 1963, it did exist, and maybe it is still used by people in Beijing today. Isn't it more straightforward to prove that the two sounds of "ke" are ké/què? However, this is essentially the same as using "guest" to prove it, and it cannot be proved.

The article uses a lot of words to discuss why "Ke" is pronounced as què, and uses Mr. Wang Shiyuan's lexical diffusion theory. In the final analysis, its phonological position is not very clear. It has a variant character called "愘", and "愘" is a second-class character. This is probably an important reason for its palatalization. Whether this assumption is reasonable is certainly open to debate. However, this is different from Cao Wen's simple inference using different readings in Wenbai, and it is not on the same logical plane.

Since Cao Wen thinks it is easy to explain the problem from the perspective of different readings of Wenbai, I will follow up.

As a two-dimensional description, it is certainly not difficult to describe the different readings of Wenbai, but it is very difficult to study why Baidu exists and why Baidu is changing.

Cao Wen seems to have a misunderstanding of the nature of Wenbai's variant readings. He simply believed that "Wenbai's readings conform to the laws of phonetic development", which shows a lack of common sense in phonology. If it is so simple, then can those scholars who study the different readings of Wenbai still be called experts? Take the example given by Cao Wen, for example, among the two sounds of "axis zhú/zhóu", the current dictionary has canceled the text reading zhú, leaving only the white reading zhóu, while the white reading has added the zhòu sound ( Such as the finale), why did Baidu come into being, and why did Baidu drive away Wendu? Why did this white reading give rise to a new white reading? And why does the similar "shú/shóu" still exist in both Wen and Bai readings? No new white readings were produced? In the Guangqie rhyme system, the phonetic positions of these two characters are exactly the same except that the initial consonants are Cheng and Zen. Mr. Cao, can you show us some of the rules? In fact, many phonetic changes cannot be explained if we do not admit that there are exceptions outside the rules. The different pronunciations of Wenbai in Beijing dialect are concentrated on the rhyme characters in the Guangqie rhyme system. The current mainstream view is that Baidu is derived from Wendu. But there are still many problems.

Cao Wen believed that in view of Mr. Chen Yinke’s special situation, “the pronunciation kè goes against everyone’s habits, especially those in the field of Chinese studies” and it should be read què. Therefore, it is necessary to break through the original norms of Mandarin. This is something I cannot agree with.

Even according to the custom of taking the name from the owner, there is no evidence that Mr. Chen said that "ke" is pronounced què so far. On the contrary, in addition to using "koh", Mr. Chen's 76th correspondence to Fu Sinian was signed "Chen Yin Ke" (see page 119 of "Collection of Chen Yinke Letters", Sanlian Bookstore 2001 edition). This signature is consistent with his emphasis on the pronunciation of his name to Mr. Bi Shutang (see Mr. Huang Yanfu's article "How does Mr. Chen Yinke pronounce his name?" 2007-03-23 ??"China Reading News"). This is the Chinese pronunciation, which is the Chinese pronunciation of Beijing pronunciation. In addition, in the letter and attachment sent by Hang Liwu to the University China Committee on October 4, 1938, regarding Chen Yinke’s application for Cambridge Chinese professorship, it was emphasized twice that “Mr. See Ms. Cheng Meibao's "Chen Yinque and Oxford University", "Historical Research" Issue 3, 2000). The Roman pinyin of "chieh", according to the Wade-German pinyin used at that time, is pronounced qiè, and when pronounced què, it is written as chueh. It seems that it was more common at that time to pronounce Mr. Chen's first name as qiè. But no matter what, this material fully shows that Mr. Chen himself does not agree with the pronunciation of qiè and què.

Mr. Chen is from Yining, Jiangxi. Yining is today’s Xiushui. Mr. Wu Yingyu of Xiushui (the author of "The Five Masters of the Chen Family in Yining") told me on the phone: Xiushui There are native dialects and Hakka dialects. There is no difference in the pronunciation of "ke" in these two dialects. They are both pronounced ko (into the tone), which is converted into Mandarin, that is kè. He also told me that Chen Fangke, the younger brother of Chen Yinke who once worked in the Nanjing Library, specially added the phonetic symbol "ㄎㄛ" (equivalent to ko in Chinese pinyin) next to "ke" in the registration form he filled out. See Pan Yimin Mr. Chen Fangke's "Annals and Compilations" (Illustrated). You can't be from the same school but have different readings for brothers, right?