Sound generating device
electric guitar
Compared with the traditional acoustic guitar, the electric guitar has fewer speakers and the body is made of solid wood. The pronunciation of electric guitar is realized by connecting electromagnetic pickup (pickup) and sound box (speaker), so the pronunciation volume can be adjusted. Because of getting rid of the limitation of * * *, the range of ordinary guitar is expanded and the expressive force of high grip is greatly enhanced. In addition, because the volume of electric guitar can be large or small, and the sound value can be long or short, it has more room for manoeuvre than ordinary acoustic guitar, and it is also more comfortable to express glide, vibrato and tilt (which are the outstanding characteristics of guitar instruments). Moreover, the timbre of electric guitar can be changed and modified by various effectors to achieve different effects, thus playing different styles of music, which is the charm of this instrument. The electric guitar can only make sound through the amplifier, and the piano and the amplifier are connected through cables, and the piano and the speaker can also be connected through the wireless transmitter. When playing, it is usually necessary to connect various effectors and make various styles of sounds.
Qin Jing
The structure is similar to folk guitar, but the product number is increased to 22 or 24 or even more. Compared with folk guitars, electric guitars are more comfortable and expressive when played at high positions, and they use thin, soft and magnetic steel strings. The connection between the neck and the body is generally divided into plug-in, screw-bolt connection and integral neck. According to the shape, the neck can be divided into U-shaped, C-shaped and V-shaped to meet the needs of different hand players.
classify
Divide by structure
Bolting: The handle of the piano is fixed on the piano with four screws. Fender is the representative of this kind of piano.
Embedding: the handle is bonded to the car body with adhesive. Gibson is the representative of this kind of piano.
Through the neck: the whole handle runs through the end and the body is sandwiched between two pieces of wood. This kind of piano card is produced more, and there are many ESPs in the early days. Now, because of the increase in cost and the difficulty of production technology, it is very few.
Divide by material
Fingerboard material: Except for a few synthetic materials, it can be divided into maple, rosewood and ebony.
Material of the neck: mostly maple and peach.
Body material: that's more. Most fender guitars use alder, some use basswood, and most Gibson guitars use mahogany with a maple on it. Poplar and alder are very similar in nature, so they are often used. Ash is also often used to make piano bodies.
Divided by the pickup
According to the pickup, it can be divided into single coil and double coil, and according to its circuit, it can be divided into active and passive.
Although electric guitars have different shapes, colors and styles, they are usually divided into the following four types according to the number and arrangement of pickups:
STRAT (Strat type) pickup: single single
Les Paul (Lesbauer) pickup: double.
Hybrid pickup: single or double.
Lead singer (main melody type) pickup: a pickup.
Divided by the bridge segment of electric guitar
According to the bridge of electric guitar, it can be divided into fixed and floating type.
Depending on the type of voice
It can be divided into solid piano body without sounding box and piano body with sounding hole with sounding box.
Depending on the type of playback mode
It can be divided into fixed bridge guitar, single pendulum guitar and double pendulum guitar.
Other classifications
Other classifications of electric guitars can be classified according to the width of the fingerboard, the chord length, the radian of the fingerboard and the size of the piano case.
Characteristics and selection of musical instruments
Check the appearance: check whether the neck of the guitar is straight and whether there are cracks in the appearance, especially pay attention to the joint between the neck and the body.
Pitch check: to tune the electric guitar to the standard tone, you can use the tuner first, and pay attention to whether the string is firmly wound around the axis of the reel when tuning the string. After the first calibration, you should drag the strings a few times by hand before calibrating the sound. After repeated several times, check whether the sound quality is consistent with the normal sound quality and whether it is easy to press the strings.
Check the noise level: Electric guitars of imported brands are generally equipped with strings. Try to clean the rusty strings when trying the piano, and then connect the electric guitar to the good guitar speaker. Make as little noise as possible when you don't touch the string.
Finally, check whether the electronic organ accessories are complete.
It is very important to distinguish the brand when buying electrical appliances. First of all, whether it is beautiful and textured in appearance, the most important thing from a rational point of view is wood. It can be judged by the color and texture of wood. The common wood used to make the piano body is probably ash, alder, mahogany, basswood, maple and so on:
Wood properties are common in:
Gray has a clear and bright hue, usually light brown, with deep and large lines. Usually not too heavy. Stratocaster、Telecaster
Alnus cremastogyne is lighter than Fraxinus mandshurica, with rich timbre and good * * * sound in middle and low frequencies. It is also light brown with fine lines. Stratocaster、Telecaster
Mahogany is quite heavy wood, with rich and sweet timbre and obvious middle and low frequencies. Usually reddish-brown, with thin black lines. Les paul, PRS
Basswood is a light wood with white color and almost no fine lines. Intermediate frequency is obviously his characteristic. Ibana JEM series
Maple has clear and bright timbre and good high-frequency performance. But the weight is too heavy, usually a thin layer is attached to the top of the body, which will have beautiful lines. Common ones are flame (curly hair), quilting and bird pattern.
Nowadays, online shopping is very popular. It is also convenient to buy electric guitars online if you look at famous brands, but the key is the brand. Looking at models and codes will save trouble and money.
Playing skills of electric guitar
choose
Nowadays, the playing skills of electric guitar have formed a relatively scientific and huge system, such as: pushing strings, Legato (striking strings, hooking strings, sliding strings), vibrato, non-directional sliding strings, damping, jumping, plucking overtones and cranks, and clicking strings (divided into right-handed and two-handed chords, and right-handed chords sometimes need the cooperation of left-handed chords; The combination of two hands is based on the piano playing method. Most of the time, one hand points out the accompaniment chord notes and the other hand points out the melody line), and there are other techniques developed from various styles of music, such as chicken play in country-style guitar, two-tone push string in blues music, harmony push string and so on. Of course, these skills developed from style music are not limited to the original music style, and today's electric guitar playing more often reflects the integration and development of skills. For example, the fingering style developed by using classical guitar playing skills and modern music theory is the embodiment of the development of guitar playing skills (this style is mostly interpreted by acoustic guitar, but some skills are used by some players to play electric guitar, which often produces unexpected effects).
Positioning of high-grade electric guitar
How to locate the high-end electric guitar? You may judge by the price, but it's far from it.
A high-grade guitar should be evaluated from its wood, accessories, workmanship and design intention. The price of wood fluctuates greatly. If you need an electric guitar made of Brazilian mahogany and Bolivian mahogany, you may have to pay 20 thousand yuan for it, because many high-grade wood species are on the verge of extinction, and governments all over the world have promulgated laws prohibiting logging. So the wood we used was probably stored and dried in the warehouse 20 years ago or earlier. However, due to its excellent acoustic characteristics, many musicians still choose electric guitars made of these Woods, which has caused the situation that Luoyang paper is expensive today. A good horse needs a good saddle, and many brands are meticulous in the choice of accessories. Freud Ross (Freud? Ross) vibrato system, Seymour Duncan (Simon? Duncan), Dimarzio, EMG pickup, Speerzel reel, Deng Lupu yarn, Buzz Fetten (Bates? The application of tuning system ensures the birth of a perfect electric guitar. It must be noted that these things are carefully selected, which is what we said earlier as "design intent". They will use different materials when designing each electric guitar. For example, when designing an electric guitar suitable for jazz and heavy music, the types of wood, the width and thickness of pickups, cranks and even wires are different. They also strive to pursue the perfection of sound mosaic. Even if it is not the piano of Buzz Feiten tuning system, the pitch is outstanding.
In order to meet the special requirements of guitarists who are picky and close to connoisseurs, some foreign manufacturers began to tailor guitars for them. By tailor-made, we don't mean their signature guitar series. Their method is to invite guitarists to the company and let them make suggestions for improvement at the same time. Although the guitar made by this method is hard to see in the market, it has now become a general trend in the high-end electric guitar market. Of course, they are so elegant because of the needs of those professionals. After some simplification and adjustment, this kind of guitar has become a high-grade guitar that we can see in musical instruments. A good example is Jem series of Ibana Company. This series of electric guitars make some changes to the outside of the piano every year to produce new models. This move is of course out of consideration for the collection needs of Steve van fans and Jem piano lovers. Of course, this method is not only used by Ibana Company.
However, in the domestic high-end electric guitar market, the variety selection is not rich, and the brands and models that many people want are simply not found in China. Therefore, many people in China choose to mail order from abroad or entrust people to buy from abroad. At the same time, there is no installment payment in China, which also restricts the sales of high-end electric guitars. For most dealers, high-grade electric guitars are not their main means of profit, but the distribution of high-grade electric guitars will greatly enhance the image of musical instruments and attract many customers.
The formation of the mid-range electric guitar market is basically due to the low output and high price of those high-end electric guitars. Does the mid-range electric guitar have obvious advantages? There is little difference between appearance and high-end products, and accessories are also very willing to spend money to buy. Although the feel is definitely a penny for a penny, it is much better than low-end products. This advantage is very useful in the domestic market. Due to economic factors, few people in China can afford the price of high-grade electric guitars, but there are many electric guitar lovers who just want to solve the problem with about 5,000 yuan. Of course, the appearance must be passable, and the accessories must look upscale. Because what they play has no fixed style, they don't need to be so professional in timbre, but they should be "all-purpose oil"
Manufacturers also have a set of perfunctory countermeasures for such customers. In order to ensure the sound quality of electric guitar, customers who know something about electric guitar will pay attention to the pickup on the piano. Manufacturers have fully considered this point: the pickups they use in this grade are generally the middle and low-grade series of Seymour Duncan, EMG and Dimarzio or the pickups jointly developed. Buyers generally don't notice such fineness, just want to see their favorite brand labels on pickup trucks. On the bridge and tuning knob, manufacturers also use high-end products that are no different from high-end electric guitars. Even so, can their mid-range series control the price at 4000? About 5000 yuan. What devalued such a "noble" guitar? The answer is simple: the choice and workmanship of wood. The wood on electric guitar is not only decorative, but also the sound quality is directly related to the choice of wood. Generally speaking, the wood used to make mid-range pianos comes from Asia, but these (maple, basswood, mahogany, etc. ) wood may not be much better than the wood of your high-grade solid wood floor. Imagine what timbre you can get by making musical instruments with strict acoustic requirements with some samples. Even the same kind of wood has its advantages and disadvantages. The simplest thing is that you can draw an equal sign between the density of the sparrow's eye on the maple tree with a price of 5,000 yuan and the similar wood on the Wanyuanqin, and you have to sigh the golden rule of "a penny gets a share". The difference in workmanship accuracy is even more obvious. Seiko production and mass production will bring a world of difference to the sound quality of any musical instrument. For example, the tightness of the joint between the piano body and the neck will directly affect the overall sound of the piano and will be picked up directly by the pickup. However, the overall sound of the mid-range guitar with relatively rough workmanship is not good, which has always been a drawback. This problem cannot be solved by industrial production.
Development history
From 1920 to 1930, someone tried to install different pickups on the guitar. Rowe-deamond was the first company to invent a microphone that can be clipped to the sound hole of a guitar, but Gibson really developed the "electric guitar". The early "hollow electric guitar" only installed a pickup on a steel string guitar, with an arched panel and an F-shaped sound hole. 1935, Gibson introduced es- 150, which is also called "hollow electric guitar". This guitar can be used as a hollow guitar. The pickup is only used to amplify its sound. The biggest disadvantage of this kind of guitar is that it has a strong feedback effect, that is to say, it often produces unnecessary sound when used (bird land used by ted nugtnt in his early days is this kind of guitar, but ted nugent can control this feedback and become one of his playing skills). Gibson later produced the so-called "half-empty electric guitar" e335 after 1985. The speaker of this guitar is thinner than the earliest hollow electric guitar, and a wooden block is placed under the clavichord to reduce the feedback effect. This type of guitar is very popular among jazz guitarists, such as b.b king's guitar "lucile".
A guitar that can really be called an "electric guitar" should be genuine. This kind of piano relies entirely on pickups and power amplifiers to produce sound, not on * * * speakers. The origin of electric guitar is influenced by the popular "Hawaiian" guitar after 1920. Hawaiian guitar has no speakers, and all strings and pickups are fixed on solid wood blocks. There is no question of returning the piano. Country bands have used it as a solo instrument, and it is still an indispensable weapon in country music.
Early Hawaiian guitars and hollow electric guitars used bulky and large pickups. Les paul is one of all the people who try to improve this bulky pickup, but no matter what kind of pickup he uses, he can't solve the problem. After seeing the solid electric violin invented by the inventor Edison, he thought of using a solid guitar. At 194 1, he persuaded epiphone Guitar Company to let him use the workshop on Sunday. He cut an epiphone F-hole hollow guitar in half, stuck a solid block in the middle, and then fixed two pickups on the solid block to make the famous "log" guitar. He found that the problem of feedback never appeared again. In the next few years, les paul wanted to sell his idea to Gibson Guitar Company, but Gibson was not interested. It was not until 1950 that Gibson agreed to produce guitars designed by les paul. 1952, this solid electric guitar named les paul began to appear, and it lasted for a long time. Les paul guitar was originally designed for jazz, but later guitarists found that les paul is an excellent guitar for playing heavy metals. From Jimi Page of early led zepplin and Ace Frenley of kiss to slash of guns'n'rose, they are all famous for playing les paul guitar, which les paul did not expect. Today, les paul guitar is still one of the best electric guitars, which has a far-reaching impact on the development of electric guitars.
Les paul's "log" guitar is the first physical electric guitar in the world, but the broadcaster launched by 1948 by leo fender is the first electric guitar listed in the world. When Leo fender was young, he took repairing radios as a hobby, but after 1930, he made a living by repairing speakers and radios. 1944, he and doc'kauffman, an employee of rickenbacker Guitar Company who was famous for producing Hawaiian guitar' Lapsteel' at that time, formed K&; F company and began to produce K &；; F lap steel and a small horn. 1946, Leo Fanta decided to expand its business. So I left K &；; F company set up its own Fanta electrical equipment company. 1948, Fanta launched the first electric guitar player, which changed the history of guitar. At the same time, super amp was launched. I won't describe it in detail here.
Broadcaster was quickly renamed as telecaster, and this type of guitar is an unparalleled innovative masterpiece in all aspects. This guitar, like les paul, has not changed much until now, but it is loved by thousands of guitarists from generation to generation. After telecaster, fender introduced a series of guitars, but all of them were modified by telecaster. 1954, Finder introduced strat's redesigned guitar called stratocaster. This guitar evolved from Gibsou les paul guitar. Among guitarists, jimi hendrix, who is famous for using strat, is the first, and others such as eric clapton, jeff baker, Ingrid malm Stan and jimmie riu vaughan are too numerous to mention.
bass guitar
Strat has been very popular since its launch, and fender's business is booming. However, Leo Finder thought he was terminally ill and would not live long because of a doctor's misdiagnosis. 1965, he sold Fanta to cbs. But the next year, after he changed to a doctor, he recovered. Most guitarists think that the quality of fender will be greatly reduced after it falls into the hands of cbs, so fender made by cbs before is very popular. Fanta later moved the production line to Japan and South Korea because of higher and higher production costs, but the sales of Fanta guitars were even worse. Finally, CBS publicly auctioned Fanta, which was bought by shareholders composed of former Fanta employees. Since then, Fanta began to produce in the United States, and its business is booming. The new kind of piano is constantly bringing forth the old and bringing forth the new, with good quality, and seems to have regained its former glory. Leo fender himself worked with fender for a while after his recovery, then with music man Guitar Company for a while, and finally with G &；; Company L has designed a series of guitars similar to strat and telecaster. 1992 At the beginning of this year, Leo Finder died of illness. Strat and tele guitars invented by a generation of guitarists, the father of modern electric guitarists, have produced many electric guitarists in this half century. It also changed the whole music form. It can be said that there would be no rock music without electric guitar, let alone heavy metal.