Uniform requirements for the format of graduate dissertations

Dissertations are the main manifestations of graduate students' achievements in scientific research, which show the new inventions, theories or opinions obtained by the authors in their research work, are the important basis for graduate students to apply for master's or doctoral degrees, and are also important documents in the field of scientific research and valuable wealth of society.

In order to improve the writing quality of graduate dissertations and make them more standardized and standardized in content and format, the following provisions are made in accordance with the national standard "Rules for Writing Dissertations":

1. Thesis content requirements

Postgraduate dissertations should be written in Chinese, and the number of words for master dissertations is generally 4,-5,, and that for master dissertations is generally 2,-5,; The number of words for doctoral dissertations is generally 8, ~ 1, (see other regulations for the number of words for dissertations of medical graduates). The content of the dissertation should be complete and accurate, with distinct levels, reliable data, concise text, thorough explanation, rigorous reasoning and correct argument; Simplified Chinese characters and legal units of measurement officially promulgated and implemented by the state should be adopted. The terms, symbols and codes used in this paper must be unified and conform to the requirements of standardization. If new technical terms, abbreviations and idioms are used in the article, they should be noted. New foreign technical terms and abbreviations must be indicated in parentheses after the translation. The illustrations and photos of the dissertation must be copied or microfilmed. The page number of the paper should be from? Introduction? Several cases (including introduction, text, references, appendices, acknowledgements, etc.) were coded in Arabic numerals; The abstract page, the table of contents page, the list of illustrations and schedules, the descriptions of symbols and abbreviations, etc., are separately coded with Arabic numerals.

The content of a paper should generally consist of fifteen main parts, which are as follows: 1. Cover (including title page); 2. Title page; 3. Original statement of the paper; 4. Power of attorney for the use of paper copyright; 5. List of thesis defense committees and defense resolutions; 6. Chinese abstract; 7. English abstract; 8. Contents; 9. Symbol description; 1. The text of the paper; 11. References; 12. Notes; 13. Appendix; 14. thanks; 15. Catalogue of academic papers published during the degree study. The specific requirements of each part are as follows:

1. Cover (including the title page)

Use the unified cover issued by the graduate school, and fill in the title of the paper (no more than 2 words), the name of the author, the name of the instructor, the discipline (specialty), the engineering field (filled in by the master of engineering), the date of defense (or the date of submission of the paper) and other contents on the cover page. The above contents should also be clearly filled in on the title page, and the graduate student number should be added. Professional degree graduates should indicate the name of the professional degree they are applying for.

The paper title should avoid using abbreviations, acronyms, characters, codes and formulas that are not commonly used. The words used in the title must consider the secondary documents that are helpful to the selection of keywords and the compilation of titles and abstracts, and can provide specific practical information for retrieval. The topics that appear in the dissertation should be exactly the same. If the dissertation is funded by a fund, the fund should be noted at the bottom of the topic? Footer? Location.

2. Title page

The title page should be placed in the second cover, which is the basis for recording the dissertation. In addition to all the contents on the cover, the title page should also include keywords, funded projects, research direction, degree level (doctor or master) applied for, training units and so on.

3. Original statement of the thesis

The full text of the statement can be downloaded from the Internet and will take effect after being signed by the author of the dissertation.

4. power of attorney for the use of thesis copyright

the full text of this power of attorney can be downloaded from the internet, and it will take effect after being signed by the author of the dissertation and the instructor.

5. List of thesis defense committees and defense resolutions

The list of thesis defense committees and defense resolutions must be signed by all the defense members and the chairman of the defense committees, and copies can be attached to the thesis.

6. Chinese abstract (including keywords)

Chinese abstract should state the contents of the dissertation briefly and clearly without comments and comments. It contains the basic information in the thesis, reflects the core idea of scientific research, and is independent and self-contained, that is, you can get the necessary information without reading the full text of the thesis. There are data and conclusions in the abstract, which is a complete essay and can be used independently and quoted. The content should generally explain the purpose and significance, research methods, experimental methods, research results, results and final conclusions of this scientific research work, with emphasis on the results and conclusions, and attention should be paid to highlighting the innovative achievements and new insights in the dissertation. The content should contain the main information equivalent to reports and papers, so that readers can determine whether it is necessary to read the full text, and it can also be used by secondary documents (abstracts, etc.). Generally speaking, Chinese abstracts should not exceed 5 words (master's thesis) or 8 words (doctoral thesis). In case of special needs, the number of words can be slightly more.

7. English abstract (including key words)

The content of English abstract (including the title of the paper) should basically correspond to the Chinese abstract, conform to English grammar, and be fluent in sentences and words. The number of words in an English abstract is calculated by content words, which should not exceed 3 (master's thesis) or 5 (doctoral thesis) in general, but can be slightly more in case of special needs. Figures, tables, chemical structures, symbols and terms that are not well known and common are generally not used in the abstract.

8. table of contents

the table of contents should arrange the chapter titles in the text in turn, and the titles should be concise and to the point. Each row in the table of contents page consists of title name and page number, including introduction (or preface), main contents of articles, chapters, articles, paragraphs, item numbers and titles, summaries, (citations) references, notes, appendices, bibliographies for reference, indexes, etc. If there are many charts in the paper, you can list them separately and put them after the table of contents page. The list of drawings should have serial number, title and page number. The list of tables should have serial number, title and page number.

9. Symbol description

The meaning and unit (or dimension) represented by the symbols used in the paper.

notes and explanations such as symbols, signs, abbreviations, acronyms, units of measurement, nouns and terms can be concentrated after the chart list if they need to be collected.

1. Paper body

The paper body is the main body and the core part of the dissertation, occupying the main space, and generally consists of five parts: title, narrative, figure, table and formula. The writing forms can vary according to the nature of scientific research projects, and generally include investigation objects, experimental and observation methods, instruments and equipment, raw materials, experimental and observation results, calculation methods and programming principles, data and materials, processed charts, formed arguments and derived conclusions, etc.

Because of the great differences in subjects, topics, research methods, work processes and expression methods of results involved in the research work, it is impossible to make uniform provisions on the contents of the text. However, it must be realistic, objective and true, accurate and complete, logical, clear-cut, concise and readable.

11. References

References are collections of documents with specific sources cited in the text, which should be listed in the order in which they appear, either at the end of each chapter or at the end of the text. In accordance with the provisions of GB 7714 "Rules for the Description of References".

when quoting other people's scientific research achievements, special attention should be paid to explaining them at the quotation place to avoid plagiarism.

12. Notes

Notes can be recorded as footnotes at the bottom of the page, but never in the text.

13. Appendix

Appendix is a supplementary item as the main body of the paper, and it is not necessary. The contents of the appendix are as follows:

(1) For the completeness of the whole paper material, it is harmful to the organization and logic of the arrangement. This material includes more detailed information than the main text, a more in-depth description of research methods and technologies, a bibliography of recommended references that can be read, and supplementary information that is useful for understanding the main content.

(2) materials that are too large or taken from replicas and are not easy to be incorporated into the text.

(3) Rare and precious materials that are not easy to compile in the text.

(4) materials that are not necessary for the general readers to read, but are of reference value to the professional peers.

(5) Some important raw data, mathematical derivation, calculation programs, block diagrams, structural diagrams, notes, statistical tables, computer printouts, etc.

14. Acknowledgement

generally follows the text, including the following contents:

(1) To the National Science Foundation, scholarship funds for research, contract units, enterprises, organizations or individuals that have funded or supported it.

(2) organizations or individuals that assist in the completion of research work and provide convenient conditions.

(3) to those who give advice and help in research work.

(4) owners of materials, pictures, documents, research ideas and ideas that are given the right to reprint and quote.

(5) To other organizations and individuals who should be grateful. Thanks should be realistic and avoid grandiose and vulgar words.

15. Catalogue of academic papers published during my degree study

List the academic papers published or employed during my degree study in chronological order (publication name, volume number, page number, year and month, and paper signature). Among them, the category of publications should be specified, such as: whether it belongs to the academic publications stipulated by our school; Whether the signature unit of the paper is Shanghai Jiaotong University and the order of authors.

second, the standard of paper writing

1. The contents on the cover page shall be printed according to the unified format and requirements, and must be correct. The title of the paper shall not exceed 2 Chinese characters.

2. The Chinese abstract of master's degree thesis is about 5 words. The Chinese abstract of doctoral thesis is about 8 words.

(1) The title of the paper is in bold type No.3, which can be divided into 1 or 2 lines and printed in the center.

(2) Print a blank line in the center under the title of the paper? Abstract? Two characters (bold number three), with one space between them.

　(3)? Abstract? Print the summary content with one line under the word (No.4). There are two spaces at the beginning of each paragraph, and punctuation marks occupy one space.

(4) Print the next line after the summary? Key words? Three characters (number four in bold), followed by keywords (number four in song style). The number of keywords is 4 ~ 6, each keyword is separated by commas, and the last keyword is not punctuated.

3. English topics of the paper are all in capital letters, which can be divided into 1 ~ 3 lines and printed in the center. Leave at least five character spaces on the left and right sides of each line.

(1) Print three blank lines in the center under the title? ABSTRACT? , and then print the English abstract in two lines.

(2) Leave four character spaces at the beginning of each paragraph of the abstract.

(3) Print on the bottom two lines after the summary? KEY WORDS? , followed by lowercase keywords, each keyword is separated by commas, and the last keyword is not punctuated.

4. Directory:? Directory? The word (in bold type No.3) is filled with two lines: chapter, section, section and its starting page number. Chapters, sections and sections are marked with numbers such as 1, 1.1 and 1.1.1 respectively.

The numbering of chapters and articles, introduction and appendix in the table of contents are arranged in the top row. There is a gap of one word between the titles of chapters, articles and appendices and the previous contents. The preface, chapter, article, etc. are connected with the page number without brackets. When the contents listed in the directory return to the top grid.

5. chapter, article and paragraph: the number of chapter and article is arranged in the top grid, and the gap between the number and the title or text is one word. The title of the chapter occupies two lines. The text of a paragraph starts with two empty words, and the top line is arranged when it returns.

6. Title: The title of each chapter is printed in the center with bold No.3; ? Chapter? Two behaviors in the air? Festival? Print from the left in bold No.4; ? Festival? The next act? Section? , print from the left in small size four or five bold. Print the text of the paper after line break.

7. Text: Song style of No.4 or No.5 is adopted.

8. drawings: drawings include graphs, structural drawings, schematic diagrams, diagrams, block diagrams, flow charts, record drawings, layout drawings, maps, photos, plates, etc. The diagram should have? Self-evident? , that is, only look at the legend, not read the text, you can understand the meaning of the picture. All drawings are marked in English. The illustrations are in Chinese.

the drawing should be numbered by? Figure? And Arabic numerals starting from 1, for example? Figure 1? 、? Figure 2? Wait. The numbering of drawings shall be continuous until the appendix, regardless of the numbering of chapters, articles and tables. When there is only one picture, it should still be marked as? Figure 1? . Drawings should have captions in both Chinese and English, with the English font No.5 and the Chinese font No.5 in italics, which should be placed after the number of the drawings, and the number and caption of the drawings should be placed in the center at the bottom of the drawings. The citation map should indicate the source of the document in the upper right corner of the title.

the vertical and horizontal coordinates of the graph must be marked? Quantity, standard symbols and units? . These three can only be omitted if it is unnecessary to indicate (such as dimensionless, etc.). The symbols and abbreviations of the quantities marked on the coordinates must be consistent with those in the text.

A photo map requires a clear outline of the theme and main display parts, which is convenient for plate making. If a scaled-up copy is used, it must be clear and have a moderate contrast. There should be a scale indicating the size of the object on the photo. The drawing must be neat, clear and standardized. Among them, the mechanical parts drawing is in accordance with the requirements of mechanical drawing specifications: the schematic diagram should clearly reflect the contents of the diagram.

9. Table: The arrangement of the table is generally that the content and test items are read horizontally from left to right, and the data are read vertically in sequence, which should be self-evident. The table should be numbered by? Watch? And Arabic numerals starting from 1, for example? Table 1? 、? Table 2? Wait. The numbering of tables shall be continuous until the appendix, regardless of the numbering of chapters, articles and drawings. When there is only one table, it should still be marked as? Table 1? . A table should have a title, which is the name of the table, after the number of the table.

the number and title of the table should be placed in the center above the table. If a table needs to be connected from page to page, the number of the table should be repeated on subsequent pages. Number followed by table title (can be omitted) and? (continued)? , as shown in: Table 1 (continued), the continued table should repeat the header and the statement about the unit.

1. formula: the formula should start on another line and be centered, and the longer formula should return at the equal sign as far as possible, or at? +? 、? -? Return line at equal sign. In the formula, the length of the horizontal line of the fractional line should be distinguished, and the main horizontal line should be equal to the equal sign. The formula should be numbered, connected and arranged in chapter order.

under the formula? Where:? Empty two words from the row, a separate line. The symbols to be interpreted in the formula are left first, then right, then up and down, and then two lines are left blank.