Issued by the school. The graduation certificate is equivalent to the translation of the graduation certificate. The transcript is also a translation of the transcript. The original copy must be stamped with a red seal. The so-called notarization means that the translation must be performed by a company with formal translation qualifications and the translation must be notarized. Here it is enough to have the official seal of the translation company, and no certification from a notary is required. Be sure to make a few extra copies for backup. Many applications in Japan require this material. Keep about 10 copies in reserve.