1 range
This standard specifies the terms and definitions of fire safety management in gas stations, fire safety responsibilities and responsibilities, fire safety systems and operating procedures, station equipment management, explosion-proof and fire prevention management measures, fire prevention inspection and hidden dangers rectification, publicity and education training, fire emergency evacuation drills, fire files, etc.
This standard is applicable to commercial automobile gas stations. Other gas stations can also refer to the implementation.
2 normative reference documents
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard by reference. All subsequent modifications (excluding errata) or revisions of dated reference documents are not applicable to this standard. However, parties who have reached an agreement according to this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For undated reference documents, the latest edition is applicable to this standard.
GBJ 16-87 code for fire protection design of buildings
GB50058-92 Code for Design of Electrical Installations in Explosive and Fire Dangerous Environments
GB50 156-2002 Code for Design and Construction of Automobile Filling Stations
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3. 1
An automobile gas station at a gas station.
A place that specializes in refueling gasoline and diesel fuel tanks of motor vehicles.
Note: Gas stations belong to key units of fire safety.
3.2
Underground oil storage tank
For a horizontal oil storage tank buried underground by directly covering soil in the tank or filling sand (fine soil), the highest liquid level in the tank is 0.2m lower than the lowest ground elevation within 4m outside the tank.
4 fire safety responsibilities and responsibilities
4. 1 General provisions
The gas station shall be designed and constructed according to GB50 156-2002, and put into use after being examined and accepted by the public security fire department.
Gas stations should implement the fire safety responsibility system step by step and post by post, and clarify the fire safety responsibility.
The gas station shall report to the local public security fire department for the record, establish a contact system with the local public security fire department, and timely reflect the fire safety management of the unit.
4.2 Fire Safety Responsible Person
The stationmaster or company manager of the gas station is the person in charge of fire safety of the gas station, who is fully responsible for the fire safety work of the unit and performs the following duties:
A) Organize the establishment of a regular meeting system for fire safety, and hold a fire safety work meeting at least once a month;
B) Organize fire prevention inspection and attend at least once a month;
C) Organize the rectification of fire hazards and be responsible for raising funds for rectification;
D) Organize the establishment of fire control organizations, and organize fire control publicity and education, fire fighting and emergency evacuation drills at least once every six months;
E) Implement laws and regulations to ensure that the fire safety of gas stations meets the requirements.
The person in charge of fire safety may designate a fire safety administrator to assist in the work, and the fire safety administrator shall report the fire safety work to the person in charge of fire safety at least once a month.
The person in charge of fire safety and the manager of fire safety shall report to the local public security fire department for the record.
4.3 Fire safety management personnel
Each gas station should have full-time and part-time security officers. The safety officer shall perform the following duties:
A) Check the implementation of fire control safety system and operation procedures by personnel in each post;
B) Conduct fire prevention inspection and record the inspection;
C) Deal with fire hazards in time and report to the fire safety manager or the person in charge of fire safety.
4.4 Other personnel
Other personnel shall strictly implement the fire safety system and operating rules, participate in fire safety education and training, master the methods of fighting the first fire, and report to the police in time when a fire is found. The oiler shall also be responsible for the fire safety at the refueling site, and shall not allow irrelevant personnel such as vehicle drivers to carry out refueling operations. The measurer should also prevent the phenomenon of running, running, dripping and leaking, and supervise the oil unloading.
5 fire safety system and operation procedures
5. 1 Fire safety system and its key points
5. 1. 1 fire safety meeting system
It should include the meeting convening, personnel composition, meeting frequency, topic scope, decisions, meeting minutes and other key points.
5. 1.2 fire safety education and training system
It should include the responsible department, responsible person and responsibility, frequency, training target (including special types of work and new employees), training requirements, training content, assessment methods, situation records and other key points.
5. 1.3 fire duty system
It should include the scope and responsibilities, emergency handling procedures, reporting procedures, work handover, the number of people on duty and requirements, and records of the situation.
5. 1.4 fire inspection and fire hazard rectification system
It should include the responsible department, responsible person and responsibilities, inspection frequency, participants, inspection location and content, fire hazard identification, disposal and reporting procedures, rectification responsibilities and nursing measures, and situation records.
5. 1.5 lightning protection, antistatic and electrical equipment 5. 1.6, line inspection and management system
It should include the responsible department, responsible person and responsibility, facility registration, qualification of inspectors, inspection location, content, inspection tools, handling procedures for problems found, and situation records.
5. 1.7 fire control and electricity safety management system
It should include the responsible department, responsible person and responsibilities, key parts and facilities, electrician qualification, hot work approval procedures, testing and management requirements, handling procedures for problems found and situation records.
5. 1.8 fire equipment maintenance management system
Should include the responsible department, responsible person and responsibility, equipment registration, storage and maintenance management requirements, situation records and other key points.
5. 1.9 Mandatory fire control organization and management system
It should include organizational structure and personnel, job responsibilities, regular meetings, education and training, activity requirements and other key points.
5. 1. 10 fire fighting and emergency evacuation plan drill system
It should include organizational structure and division of labor, contact information, formulation and modification of the plan, exercise procedures, matters needing attention, etc.
5. 1. 1 1 fire safety work evaluation and reward and punishment system
It should include the responsible department and person, evaluation objectives, contents and methods, reward and punishment methods and other key points.
5. 1. 12 Other necessary fire safety systems.
Gas stations should also formulate other necessary fire safety systems such as inflammable and explosive dangerous goods and on-site management.
Note: The fire safety system should be published. Note: It can be modified at any time according to the actual situation.
5.2 fire safety operation procedures
5.2. 1 oil unloading operation
Fire safety regulations for oil unloading operations shall include the following contents:
A) The oil unloader should wear anti-static work clothes and shoes when taking up his post;
B) After the tanker enters the station, the unloading personnel shall check whether the safety facilities of the tanker are complete and effective. After passing the inspection, guide the tanker into the unloading site and connect the electrostatic grounding;
C) After the tank car is turned off and allowed to stand for 3 minutes, the oil unloader connects the oil unloading pipe according to the technological process, and the joint is closely combined to keep the oil unloading pipe naturally bent;
D) Surveyors should check the metering hole of the oil tank. After the metering hole is sealed, the tanker driver will slowly open the oil unloading valve to unload the oil;
E) After oil unloading, the tanker driver should close the oil unloading valve;
F) Dismantle the connecting pipeline of the oil unloader, cover the oil unloading cap tightly, and arrange the electrostatic wire;
G) The ship unloader guides the tanker to start and leave the station, and cleans up the oil unloading site;
H) During oil unloading, oil unloading personnel and tanker drivers shall not be far away from the site, and oil unloading operations shall not be carried out in thunderstorm weather.
Refueling operation
The fire safety operation procedures for refueling operations shall include the following contents:
A) The oiler should wear anti-static work clothes and work shoes when taking up his post;
B) Stop the refueling truck and start refueling after turning off the engine;
C) Gasoline should not be directly put into nonmetallic containers such as plastic barrels;
D) After the motorcycle is refueled, it can be started only after the motorcycle is pushed 4.5m away from the refueling island by manpower;
E) When there is high-intensity lightning or frequent lightning strikes over the gas station, stop the refueling operation and take protective measures.
Note: The fire safety operation rules shall be published and revised at any time according to the actual situation.
6 Station Building and Equipment 7 Management
7. 1 General provisions
The fire resistance rating of the station building and other ancillary buildings in the gas station should not be lower than Grade II. Buildings in danger of explosion should take pressure relief measures according to relevant requirements in GBJ 16-87.
Business accommodation, catering and entertainment facilities should not be set up in gas stations.
7.2 Oil tanks and pipelines
Gas stations should use underground oil tanks. Oil tanks and pipelines shall be free from leakage. The anti-corrosion insulation layer of buried oil tank should not be lower than the steel bar grade.
Breathing pipe, sealed oil measuring hole, flame arrester, oil inlet and outlet pipes, liquid level gauge, submersible pump, manhole, inlet and outlet valves, etc. The fuel tank should be fully equipped and can work normally.
Installation, acceptance and maintenance records shall be complete.
7.3 tanker
When the tanker is running, the temperature of the motor and pump should be kept normal, the shaft seal of the instrument and pump should be free from obvious leakage, and the gasoline refueling flow should not be greater than 60L/min.
All parts of the tank car should maintain good performance, the oil-gas separator and filter should maintain normal functions, the exhaust pipe should be unimpeded and the pump safety valve should maintain normal pressure.
There should be no leakage at the joint between the oil inlet pipeline of the tanker and the oil hose, the grounding resistance of the motor shell should not be greater than 4Ω, and the resistance at both ends of the oil hose should not be greater than 5Ω.
The installation, acceptance and maintenance records of tank cars shall be complete.
7.4 heating equipment 7.5
The heating equipment of gas station shall meet the relevant requirements in GB50 156-2002.
When a gas station is equipped with an independent boiler room, a small gas (oil) hot water boiler or an electric water heater with explosion-proof performance should be selected. When using coal-fired boilers, natural ventilation boilers with dust removal function should be selected, and the outlet of boiler chimney should be more than 2m above the roof, and effective measures should be taken to prevent Mars from escaping.
7.6 Ventilation equipment
Ventilation measures should be taken for the rooms in the explosion danger area in the gas station, and it should meet the relevant requirements in GB50 156-2002.
7.8 Fire extinguishing equipment
7.8. 1 equipped with 7.8.2
Fire fighting equipment such as fire extinguishers and blankets shall meet the relevant requirements of GB50 156-2002.
manage
6.6.2. 1 Strengthen the daily management and maintenance of fire-fighting equipment, establish a fire-fighting equipment maintenance management file, and record the type, quantity, location and responsible person of maintenance management.
6.6.2.2 fire extinguishers should keep the nameplate complete and clear, and the safety pin and lead seal are intact to avoid sun exposure and strong radiant heat. Cold protection measures should be taken in winter.
6.6.2.3 fire fighting equipment should be set in the designated place, and should be placed firmly, and should not be used for other purposes, buried or locked in fire extinguisher box.
Inspection and maintenance
6.6.3. 1 The fire extinguisher shall be checked once a year by a qualified maintenance unit.
Fire extinguishers inspected and maintained in 6.6.3.2 shall be affixed with maintenance nameplates on gas cylinders and gas cylinders respectively.
8 explosion-proof, fire prevention management measures
8. 1 General provisions
Gas stations should clearly divide explosion and fire danger areas, set warning words and signs, implement strict management, and strictly control fire sources such as open flame, friction impact, electric spark and electrostatic spark.
Note: The classification range of explosion hazard areas in gas stations shall conform to the provisions in Appendix B of GB50 156-2002. The fire danger area of gas station should be implemented according to the relevant provisions in GB50058-92.
8.2 Open flame control
Fireworks are strictly prohibited in the gas station area. Signs with the words "No Fireworks" and "Turn off the gas" should be set in the eye-catching position of the gas station, and signs with the words "No cell phone calls" should be set near the gas station island. Signs of "No Entry", "No Nailing Shoes" and "Wear Anti-static Clothing" shall be set in the oil tank area.
In the gas station area for electric (gas) welding and other open flame operations, hot work approval procedures should be handled. Before hot work, it should be approved by the safety department of the unit and reported to the local public security fire department for the record. During hot work, the safety supervisor shall supervise on the spot. Hot work personnel shall operate according to the specific requirements of hot work approval, and fire-fighting equipment shall be added to the workplace.
After the hot work, the supervisor and the hot work personnel should jointly check and clean up the site.
8.3 Prevent friction and impact
The following measures should be taken to prevent sparks from appearing in explosion and fire danger areas:
A) Mechanical rotating parts should be well lubricated, refueled in time, and combustible dirt should be removed frequently;
B) The pipeline conveying combustible gas or liquid shall be subjected to pressure test regularly;
C) The floor of the room in the explosion danger area should be paved with materials that do not generate sparks, and it is forbidden to wear shoes with nails;
D) When handling metal containers, it is forbidden to throw or drag them on the ground, and the parts where the containers may collide should be covered with materials that do not spark;
E) Explosion-proof tools should be used during maintenance.
8.4 prevent electric spark
The selection, installation and power cord laying of electrical equipment in explosion danger area and fire danger area shall meet the relevant requirements of GB50058-92. The shielding device of mobile communication equipment should be set near the refueling island.
8.5 Lightning protection and antistatic
The lightning protection and anti-static facilities of gas stations shall meet the relevant requirements in GB50 156-2002.
The loading and unloading site of gas station should be set as the anti-static device of tanker bridge.
Before the rainy season, the local meteorological department should conduct an annual inspection of lightning protection and anti-static equipment and grounding devices.
9 fire inspection and hidden dangers rectification
9. 1 fire inspection
9. 1. 1 General provisions
8. 1. 1. 1 The person in charge of fire safety shall organize fire inspection at least once a month.
8. 1. 1.2 The fire safety manager shall organize fire inspection at least once a week.
8. 1. 1.3 The team shall patrol at least twice a day. Before the succession, the fire safety management personnel on duty should jointly conduct a patrol.
8. 1. 1.4 After the inspection, the inspection records should be made, and the inspectors should sign the inspection record form and store it in the unit fire protection file.
9. 1.2 contents of fire patrol and inspection
Fire inspection and acceptance shall include the following main contents:
A) Status of electrical equipment and lighting facilities in the station;
B) Oil tank accessories in the oil tank area, such as oil tank ports, oil measuring ports, oil unloading ports, valves, manholes, etc., and the wiring of oil unloading, oil pipelines and lightning rods;
C) Number and location of fire fighting equipment;
D) Operation of oil tankers;
E) Operation of refueling vehicles and personnel;
F) Implementation of other fire safety management systems and regulations.
9.2 Fire hazard rectification
general provision
8.2. 1. 1 Gas stations should take measures to rectify fire hazards. After the rectification, the department or personnel responsible for rectification shall report to the person in charge of fire safety step by step.
8.2. 1.2 The fire hazards ordered by the public security fire department to be rectified within a specified time limit shall be rectified within the specified time limit, and the fire hazards rectification reply shall be written and submitted to the local public security fire department for inspection and acceptance.
Rectification requirements
8.2.2. 1 When the following fire hazards are found, the relevant personnel shall be instructed to immediately rectify and make records:
A) Smoking in the gas station area;
B) Employees' clothing does not meet the anti-static requirements;
C) Use non-explosion-proof communication electrical equipment and tools;
D) Illegal use of naked flame, electricity and electric (gas) welding;
E) Fire extinguishing equipment is used for other purposes;
F) Duty and fire patrol personnel leave their posts;
G) other behaviors that can be corrected immediately.
For the fire hazards that cannot be rectified immediately in 8.2.2.2, it is necessary to formulate a rectification plan, specify the rectification measures, time limit and personnel, and report to the superior. For potential fire hazards or major fire hazards at any time, the dangerous parts should be closed for rectification, and safety precautions should be implemented during the rectification.
10 publicity and education, training and fire fighting and emergency evacuation drills
10. 1 Fire prevention publicity, education and training
10. 1. 1 general requirements
9. 1. 1. 1 The person in charge of fire safety and the fire safety manager shall participate in the fire safety training organized by the public security fire department.
9. 1.65438+
9. 1. 1.3 Gas stations should organize a pre-job fire safety education and training for new employees.
9. 1. 1.4 During the construction of the gas station, the construction unit shall conduct a fire safety education and training for the construction personnel.
10. 1.2 training contents
9. 1.2. 1 Fire prevention publicity, education and training shall include the following contents:
A) People's Republic of China (PRC) Fire Protection Law, Heilongjiang Fire Protection Regulations, Regulations on Fire Safety Management of Organs, Organizations, Enterprises and Institutions and other fire protection laws and regulations;
B) Fire safety system and operating procedures;
C) Basic knowledge of fire danger and fire prevention of petroleum commodities;
D) the use of fire fighting equipment;
E) report the fire, put out the initial fire, and guide the common sense of safe evacuation;
F) Other fire safety knowledge.
9. 1.2.2 The publicity, education and training organized by this unit shall be recorded.
10.2 fire fighting and emergency evacuation drill
10.2. 1 organization
Fire fighting and emergency evacuation organizations shall include the following organizations:
A) Commander: direct fire fighting and emergency evacuation before the arrival of the public security fire brigade;
B) Fire fighting action group: put out the initial fire and cooperate with the public security fire brigade to take fire fighting actions;
C) Communication liaison group: report the fire, contact relevant departments and convey the commander's orders;
D) Evacuation guidance group: to guide personnel and vehicles to evacuate and rescue equipment and materials;
E) Safety protection and rescue team: rescue the injured and escort the seriously injured to the nearest hospital for medical treatment;
F) other necessary organizations.
10.2.2 plan content
The fire fighting and emergency evacuation plan shall include the following points:
A) If a fire is found, call the police first, and explain the unit, place, time, detailed address of the unit, combustible materials, fire, etc.
B) The communication liaison group shall immediately meet the fire fighting vehicles and contact the water supply, power supply, hospitals and other units as appropriate;
C) The commander shall organize to put out the initial fire, close relevant valves, cut off power supply and use fire-fighting equipment to put out the fire;
D) When the fire is out of control and an explosion is about to occur, the on-site commander shall immediately order the evacuation of all personnel;
E) The evacuation guidance group shall evacuate the personnel and vehicles in the station in an orderly manner as soon as possible;
F) The safety protection and rescue team shall cooperate with medical personnel to rescue the injured;
G) After the fire is put out, assign special personnel to protect the fire site, and clean up the site after the accident investigation;
H) The commander shall organize to fill in the accident report.
10.2.3 organization of the exercise
9.2.3. 1 During the drill, a sign with the words "fire drill in progress" should be set at the entrance of the gas station.
After the 9.2.3.2 exercise, summarize the problems, make records and modify the plan.
1 1 fire fighting files
1 1. 1 general provisions
The gas station shall establish and improve the fire fighting archives. Fire fighting files should be detailed and accurate, with necessary charts, and should not be omitted or altered, and should be updated in time according to changes in the situation.
1 1.2 file content
1 1.2. 1 Basic information on fire safety
The basic situation of fire safety shall at least include the following contents:
A) the basic situation of the unit;
B) General plan;
C) fire road plan;
D) Explosion and fire hazard area map;
E) process flow chart;
F) Distribution map of key fire control parts and situation of key fire control safety parts;
G) Legal documents on fire control audit and acceptance of gas stations;
H) Fire control management institutions at all levels and fire safety responsible persons;
I) fire safety system;
J) Registration of fire-fighting facilities and fire-fighting equipment;
K) Full-time and volunteer fire brigade personnel and their fire fighting equipment;
L) personnel of key jobs related to fire safety;
M) Fire fighting and emergency evacuation plan.
1 1.2.2 fire safety management
The basic situation of fire safety shall include the following contents:
A) Various legal documents issued by the public security fire department;
B) Maintenance records of fire fighting equipment;
C) Records of fire hazards and their rectification;
D) fire inspection and patrol records;
E) hot work approval record;
F) Test records of gas and electrical equipment (including lightning protection and antistatic);
G) fire safety training records;
H) Records of fire fighting and emergency evacuation planning exercises;
I) Previous fire alarm and fire records;
J) Records of fire rewards and punishments;
K) Other records that should be put on record.
1 1.3 trusteeship
The gas station should determine the fire file keeper.
Files such as patrol records kept by mobile users should be handed over during the shift change, and there should be no missing pages. Archives of previous years shall not be discarded or damaged, and the preservation period shall exceed 10 years. May the landlord succeed.