The Russian National Library has a wide collection of books, serial publications and other materials printed and published by the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China. At the same time, supplementary interviews
Collect research books and serial publications in European languages according to the interview plan of the Russian National Library
Books and periodicals with historical and cultural importance published in various parts of the world and in eastern languages and countries
Russian and manuscripts in European and eastern languages with historical and cultural importance
Various foreign publications about Russia
Russian and newspapers with historical and cultural importance, Woodblock prints, postcards, music scores and world map materials
Audio recordings
Among them, the languages of Asian and African collections cover Arabic, African languages, Indonesian, Polynesian, Vietnamese (including other languages in Indo-China), Hebrew, Hindi, Tibetan, Korean, Mongolian and Turkish (including Persian, Afghan and Kurdish).
The collection of printed music and recording department began in 1814, and it is basically responsible for delivering and purchasing printed music from foreign countries. The purchase standard is based on users' requests, and private collections and libraries are also purchased. The collection of recording department began in 195s, including records, compressed tapes and disks, which were purchased from shops and private individuals.
The newspaper department has a collection history of three centuries, mainly due to the legal delivery. Newspapers from Russia, Ukraine and Belarus have been the main collections of the newspaper department since 1728. The collection of newspapers before the Russian revolution is the largest in the world, and newspapers during the civil war are also priceless. Modern newspapers are mainly delivered, including all Russian newspapers, local newspapers, urban newspapers, regional newspapers and enterprises. In 1999 alone, 4,5 newspapers from Russia, Belarus and Ukraine were received; 38 kinds of foreign newspapers come from buying. The museum has a large collection of picture works since the 17th century. The woodcut prints and copper engravings are rich in colors. They are decorations in the homes of ordinary people in the 17th-19th century, reflecting the literature, fairies, history and events at that time. The part called "Peter the Great's Gallery" contains carved portraits of the Russian emperor and various battles he participated in, and records major historical events during his reign in the 18th century. A large number of woodcut paintings and peaceful prints reproduce Petersburg and its suburbs, one of the most beautiful cities in the world during the czar's rule. The richest portrait collection in the Russian National Library describes outstanding figures in Russian history and culture, and the woodcut paintings in Western Europe include the works of various academic schools. Photographs dating back to 1856 show the life history of Russians in the second half of the 19th century. Russian posters show the development of Russian popular art before the revolution, during the Soviet period and today. There are not only cartoons of unknown painters in the 196s, but also portraits of famous painters. Until today, the Petersburg School of Painting is still exploring new forms of artistic expression.
Before the opening of Imperial Palace Library, manuscripts were collected. The Dubrovski manuscript collection was purchased in 185. Manuscripts are divided into: ① Slavic manuscripts, the most famous of which is the Russian Gospel in 157. Among the 3, manuscripts, there are 97 ancient Slavic manuscripts and Bulgarian manuscripts. 266 manuscripts in Serbian; * * * is divided into 42 special collections. (2) set out to collect oriental manuscripts at the beginning of the museum, and there were 183 manuscripts when it was officially opened in 1812. At that time, the largest collection was 42 manuscripts in Persian, Turkic and Arabic seized by the Russian army from Iran and Turkey. The number of Jewish manuscripts is among the best in the world, and the Orthodox manuscripts and Islamic manuscripts in Syrian are of different ages, and there are too many to mention, and they are divided into 47 collections. (3) Western language manuscripts are precious, mainly in three parts: the manuscripts purchased by Dubrovski as an interpreter in the French embassy, the western manuscripts collected by Sukhtelen, the ambassador to Sweden, and the private collection of Catherine II. The most famous is the Latin manuscript of St. Augustine, Bishop of North Africa, in the 5th century. * * * There are 36 manuscripts from monasteries 83 years ago, at the same time when the Frankish Kingdom was founded.
In addition, the Russian National Library divides its archive materials into several parts: ① During the 18th and 2th centuries, famous domestic politicians, military strategists, state activists, writers, musicians and other artists-suvorov, lermontov, Turgenev, Goncharov, Dostoevsky, Brock, Akhmetova and Lie Bin-have a rich archive materials collection, covering politics, economy, religion and culture. (2) 1, Russian documents from 1269 to 17, including royal documents and official reports on correspondence and taxation with French kings related to the Hundred Years' War; Documents such as the various needs of land lords; There are also travelers' travel notes, diaries and personal files of writers before the 18th century. ③ plekhanov (1856-1918), an activist of Russian and international workers' movements, a knowledgeable Marxist, a famous socialist theorist and the founder of Russian Social Democratic Party, has a special collection. First of all, this is attributed to Mrs. plekhanov, who kept and collected plekhanov's information in exile in various parts of the country, and refused the high-priced acquisition by western European archives institutions, thinking that only donating plekhanov's various relics, materials and books to Russia was in line with his own wishes.
The collection of rare books began in the 19th century, and now there are 7, volumes, about 6, of which are cradle books. These books are beautifully bound and are excellent materials for studying the history of western printing since the 15th century. The Slavic Cradle book was mostly printed in Cyrillic in the 16th century, and was printed in the Balkans and Venice respectively. According to the statistics of various departments:
The collection of Russian documents in the Russian National Library began in 1725 when Peter the Great died. According to the statistics in January 2, there were 7,237,693 pieces in total. Divided into: free Russian printed matter-about 15, illegal publications during the period of book and newspaper review from 1857 to 1917; Early Soviet leaflets-decrees, orders and instructions issued by more than 7 countries, regions and regional central authorities and local political parties, governments, trade unions, * * * youth league and military authorities from November 25, 1917 to 1925. These materials are mainly in Russian, including Estonian, Ukrainian, Tatar, English, German, etc. During World War II, there were 2, kinds of publications in Leningrad, such as books, pamphlets, magazines, newspapers, leaflets, posters, advertisements and postcards printed in the besieged city. About Pushkin's works-To commemorate the centenary of the death of the great poet Alexander Pushkin, I collected about 6, Russian publications of the poet; The works of the founders of Marxism-Leninism have a collection of about 2, volumes; Small-scale publications (less than 1cm×1cm) often have high artistic content, which started in the 18th century and totaled about 1,5 pieces. There are about 1, autographed books with dual value. There are 263,128 books in the library of the Institute of Free Economy.
The Asian-African Literature Department has a total of 29,174, books (? )； Journal 338, 252; 685 newspapers/5,5 yearbooks/595,797 issues; Others: 7,1 pieces (statistics in March 2). There are 5, volumes in Chinese, including both classical literature and modern books, covering history, art, linguistics, medicine and novels. The rare book has a full set of 136 volumes of Book Integration; Multi-volume series "four series" and "four essentials" and so on. Japanese has a rich collection, including 9 volumes of Modern Japanese Literature and 6 volumes of Literature Integration, as well as research works on linguistics, history, philosophy, economics and medicine, in addition to a large number of publications by famous authors. The collection of Indian books includes works in Pakistani, Bengali, Sangha Tam and Nepali, including academic literature papers, handbooks and novels, and the complete works of Tagore are worthy of boasting. Sanskrit Vedas, Upanishads, Mahabharata, Ramayana and other landmark documents in ancient India. Arabic literature includes islamic philosophy, history, philology and art, medieval and modern Arabic novels, such as Arabian Nights. Hebrew collection is the best of its kind in the world, with 45, volumes of books, 9 kinds of magazines, and a large number of newspapers. Its Yiddish or Hebrew literature dates back to the 15th century and today. There are precious ancient works and books, as well as the first Yiddish and Hebrew periodicals in the early Russian Soviet period.
The main collection of printed music score and recording department is divided into two parts; 32 bibliographic units of printed music in the 16th-2th century; Recording 3, bibliographic units and other collections 6, bibliographic units, including reference materials on music.
According to the records in 1999, there were 349,11 Russian newspapers in the newspaper department. 67,957 years of Ukrainian newspapers; Belarusian newspapers for 9,533 years; 17,469 years of foreign newspapers; Before the revolution, newspapers had 21,772 years. A total of 466,134 years, 592,374 volumes.
As of January 22, the total collection of books was 33,11,23 volumes (pieces), including 6,58,418 foreign language documents. They are: 13,953,147 books and pamphlets; 9,668,482 volumes of periodicals and continuous publications; 566,791 newspapers; 437,598 manuscripts; 125,556 map materials; 1,25,669 pictures; 12,7 microfilms; 38,151 pieces of music; 35,53 sound recordings; 3,76,277 technical standards and documents; 2,919 photographic-electrostatic copies; 285,714 miniature posters.