Voters in geographical constituencies must be Hong Kong permanent residents who have reached the age of 18 and usually live in Hong Kong. Registration forms can be obtained from the Wan Chai Registration and Electoral Office, district offices or post offices, public housing estates offices and voter registration websites. Citizens with valid digital certificates can register on the Internet through the electronic website of the Hong Kong Government. After the information is checked correctly, the voter information will reappear in the voter register.
The voter register is usually published two months before the election, and the definition of reaching the age of 18 is based on the publication date of the register rather than the election date. For example, in the 2004 Legislative Council election in Hong Kong, the voter register was published on July 25th. Therefore, even if the election is held in September of 12, Hong Kong permanent residents who reached the age of 18 between July 25th and September of 12 cannot vote.
Functional constituency voters and subsector voters: There are functional constituency seats in the Legislative Council. Functional constituencies were called "functional constituencies" before 1997, representing various industries and organizations in Hong Kong. By 2004, there were 28 functional constituencies. According to government statistics in 2004, the number of voters in functional constituencies is 192374.
Different functional constituencies have different qualifications for voter registration, some voting by individuals and some voting by groups. Take the accounting department as an example. According to the constitution of the Registration and Electoral Office, the voter is a certified public accountant under the Professional Accountants Ordinance, Chapter 50 of the Laws of Hong Kong. People who become functional constituency voters can vote in the election of functional constituency seats in the Legislative Council.
Individuals or organizations eligible to be registered as voters in functional constituencies must also apply for registration as subsector voters in the Election Committee. Subsector voters can vote for members of the Election Committee representing their respective industries. In addition to their industries, eligible persons may also elect representatives from employers' federations and Heung Yee Kuk to join the Election Committee, but they may not be able to vote in the two sectors respectively.
In the political reform carried out in 1992, former Governor Patten proposed to add nine functional constituencies in the Legislative Council election in 1995, that is, the "new nine-group scheme", changing the election method of functional constituencies and changing corporate votes into individual votes; Finally, the number of eligible voters in functional constituencies increased to 2.7 million, and the actual registered number was 65,438+0,654,38+0.5 million (see section III of the 2003 US Human Rights Report and page 43 of the report of the Hong Kong Policy Research Institute). Patten's reform was criticized by the Beijing government as a loophole in the Basic Law. Lu Ping, then the the State Council Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office, publicly called him a "sinner through the ages" in March 1993.
Election Committee: The Election Committee is an indirect election organization in Hong Kong's electoral system. At present, the Election Committee has 800 members representing 38 subsectors in Hong Kong. Among them, 200 people come from industry and commerce, finance, 200 people come from professional circles, 200 people come from labor, social services, religion and other sectors, and the remaining 200 people are members of the Legislative Council, representatives of regional organizations, representatives of the National People's Congress in Hong Kong, and representatives of members of the Hong Kong CPPCC. The members of each subsector are elected by the voters of the subsector mentioned in the preceding paragraph. The Election Committee was established in accordance with Annex I of the Basic Law. However, the composition of the Election Committee responsible for electing the 65,438+00 seats of the first Legislative Council is not expressly stipulated in the Basic Law. Therefore, the political reform carried out by former Governor Chris PATTEN, without the consent of Beijing, set up an election committee of 100, which was elected by most directly elected district board members, and elected the Legislative Council 10 seats in 195. 1996 before the handover of Hong Kong's sovereignty, Beijing decided to "start a new stove", which was organized by the Preparatory Committee of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the National People's Congress. Originally, the Selection Committee elected the first Chief Executive and the Provisional Legislative Council to replace the previous Legislative Council. The Selection Committee has 400 members, composed of representatives from all walks of life in Hong Kong. The number of the first Election Committee responsible for electing the second Chief Executive is currently 800.
In addition to the Chief Executive election, the Election Committee also elected some seats in the first and second Legislative Councils in 1998 and 2000 respectively. However, according to the first section of Annex II to the Hong Kong Basic Law, the number of seats occupied is decreasing year by year. The Election Committee will no longer elect Legislative Council seats, and all seats will be returned by direct elections in geographical areas or by voting in functional constituencies.
According to Section 2 of Annex I to the Basic Law, the term of office of the Election Committee is five years; In other words, every Chief Executive should be elected by the new Election Committee at the same time. However, on March 12, 2005, Tung Chee-hwa resigned and needed to hold a by-election for the post of Chief Executive. When Donald Tsang collects signatures from members of the Election Committee to support his candidacy, he does not need to re-elect the Election Committee in advance.
Rural residents and indigenous inhabitants of the New Territories: See the next paragraph # Village Representative Election.
Election Meeting of Deputies to the National People's Congress: See the next paragraph # Election of Deputies to the People's Congress in Hong Kong.