Hand-drawing is an important professional compulsory course for students who are engaged in architecture, clothing display design, window design, home soft decoration design, space floral design, fine arts, gardens, environmental art, photography, industrial design, visual communication and other professional studies. So what is the hand-painted expression? The following is for reference only!
Hand-painted expression technology
Pencil drawing technique
(1) Pencil is one of the most commonly used and universal tools in painting. In interior painting, we should learn to make use of the shape and texture of objects.
Regularly arrange lines and learn to use other auxiliary tools to draw ideal effects.
(2) Don't make too many repeated changes on the drawings, but have a well-thought-out plan, and have a basic plan for the direction and light and shade of each object in advance. In the process of painting, the contrast between light and shade is gradually deepened from shallow to deep, but the steps should not be too many, just two or three times, and some places can be put in place at one time. Pencil, generally choose a pencil of about 4B to draw, and use an eraser as little as possible.
(3) Pencil lines are divided into freehand lines and tool lines. Freehand brushwork lines are vivid and delicate, and can express complex and soft objects. Tool lines are regular and simple, and are suitable for representing large surfaces and smooth objects. In order to keep the strength and lightness of the pen without destroying the outline of the character, you can use a ruler, a curve ruler and a thumb to block it, and if necessary, you can carve a pattern to block it.
(4) The lead powder of the soft pencil drawn on the drawing is easy to be rubbed, so it must be protected. You must learn to draw lines with your little finger on the picture, or cover the picture with paper.
(5) Water-soluble markers can give full play to the characteristics of water solubility, and can be smeared with water to get a sense of infiltration, or wiped with fingers or paper to produce a soft effect.
Marking technique
Markers are widely loved by designers for their rich colors, simple coloring, bold style and fast drawing.
(1) Markers are divided into two types: flat head and round head. The front and side of the flat head are painted with colors of different widths, which can give play to its shape characteristics and form its own unique style when carrying pens.
(2) The marker pen is not easy to be modified after being colored. Generally it should be shallow first and then deep. When coloring, you don't have to spread the color all over the picture. If you focus on local depiction, the picture will be more lively and vivid. Markers with the same color will appear deeper when superimposed, but the effect of repeated superposition is not obvious and it is easy to dye.
(3) Like pencil drawing, the pencil holder of marker pen can be divided into freehand and tool, which should be selected according to different scenes and object shapes, textures and performance styles.
(4) Water-based markers can be dipped in water with a brush (it is difficult to clean), and oily markers can be washed off with a pen or cotton ball dipped in toluene.
(5) The brushwork and interest of marker pen are pleasing to the eye, but expensive. You can dip the oil painting pen and chalk in watercolor paint, use a ruler to transport the pen, and you can also get some fun from the marker.
Pen drawing technique
Pen and stylus are ideal line drawing tools, which give full play to the characteristics of various shapes of pen tips, use the arrangement and organization of lines to shape the light and shade of the body, and pursue
The spatial effect of virtual and real changes can also be distinguished by adopting corresponding linear structures for different textures. We can also organize the changes in all directions and density according to the relationship between the transition of the spatial interface and the image structure, so as to achieve the sense of layering, space, texture and quantity, as well as the sense of rhythm and rhythm in form.
Watercolor painting technique
(1) Watercolor rendering is a common technique in architectural painting. Watercolor performance requires that the graphics of the manuscript are accurate and clear, and avoid scratching the paper (it is best to start the manuscript with another paper,
Then copy the original picture, and then mount the picture), and pay great attention to the water content of the paper and pen, that is, the shade of the picture color, the reality of the space, and the interest of the brush strokes all depend on the grasp of water.
(2) The coloring procedure is generally from shallow to deep, from far to near, and the bright parts and highlights should be set aside in advance. When painting a large area, more pigments should be matched with less pigments, and the general trend of hue should be basically accurate. Colors with excessive contrast are easy to get dirty after repeated use.
(3) Three techniques are commonly used in watercolor rendering: vignetting, overprinting and flat painting.
Smoothing method: tilt the drawing board, and after the first flat coating, add color with water or under it while wetting, so that it gradually fades (shallow or deep), forming a gradual weakening and strengthening effect. In the process of fainting, the pen is transported in a ring shape. When water and color accumulate, the pen must be squeezed dry and then gradually sucked dry.
Superposition method: the drawing board is tiled, the light and dark interface is divided, the same shade is painted flat, the light color is painted deep, and the painting is done after drying, and the effect of changing the same color at different levels can be achieved by superimposing layer by layer.
Flat drawing method: The drawing board is slightly inclined, the pen is horizontally transported in a large area, vertically transported in a small area, and Lian Bi is wet, which can achieve uniform and neat effect.
(4) At present, it is common to use light-colored renderings in indoor performance painting. It combines watercolor techniques with pen techniques, gives full play to their respective advantages, and has a simple, vivid and vivid artistic effect.
Gouache painting technique
Gouache painting has become one of the most widely used expression techniques in various renderings. The techniques of expression can be roughly divided into dry and wet (or shade) painting or dry and wet painting.
These two painting methods are combined.
Features:
(1) Wet painting: Wet painting refers to painting the drawings with clear water before coloring, or mixing pigments with more water, which is suitable for representing large-area background colors (such as walls or floors) and showing the connection and penetration between colors.
When wet painting, we should pay attention to the defects that are easy to appear in the background color, which is easy to produce pink, dirty and gray effects. If this happens, it is best to dip the unsatisfactory color in water with a pen, dry it and then repaint it. The repainted color should be a little thicker and have a certain degree of concealment.
(2) Dry painting: not without water, but with less water and stronger color. Its characteristics are: clear strokes, saturated and bright colors, and detailed and in-depth image description. However, if it is not handled properly and the brush strokes are too messy, it will also destroy the sense of space and integrity of the picture.
Water pink has a good hiding power and is easy to decorate, but the part with rose red or violet as the background color is not easy to cover, so it is best to clean it and re-color it, otherwise the red and purple background color will always come up.
The color of gouache varies greatly from wet to dry. In general, dark and fresh colors will feel lighter and grayer when they dry. When making local modification and picture adjustment, wet the local surroundings with clear water, and then make comparative adjustment.
In the practice of indoor performance painting, it is often a combination of dry and wet, thick and thick. Judging from the drawing program that is conducive to modification, adjustment and in-depth performance, it should be thin rather than thick. Specifically: large areas should be thin and local areas can be thick; The prospect should be thin, and the prospect can be thick; The duckbill pen should be thin where it is used to press lines, and thick where the local brightness and vividness are high. Judging from the coloring order, it is advisable to draw thin first and then thick.
Toner stroke technique
Chalk painting is easy to use, with elegant colors, soft contrast and warm artistic conception, which has a great influence on the performance of bedroom, living room and study and the brightness of indoor walls.
Halo and local illumination can play an advantage.
Colored chalk powder is fine in texture and rich in color, but it lacks dark color. It can be painted with charcoal or marker, especially with dark gray paper as the keynote, which can show the charm of pastel.
Toner stroke drawing program:
A, first draw the sketch effect of interior design on colored paper with charcoal pen or marker. The light and shade and volume must be enough, and the dark parts must be painted enough. Passing is better than failing.
B. After the sketch relationship is completed, draw the light receiving surface first, which is similar to a colored pencil and can be used as a local shadow. Toner should not be too thick at a time. For large-area changes, you can wipe them evenly with your fingers or cloth head, and it is best to wipe the fine parts with a pointed paper brush. This can not only deal with the fading change of color, but also enhance the adhesion of toner to paper.
C, after the big effect of the picture comes out, you only need to mention a little reflection in the dark.
Don't put too much pink in the picture, but be good at using the background color of colored paper. Therefore, according to the design content and atmosphere, choose the color paper with appropriate tone in advance.
After painting, it is best to spray it on the picture with fixing liquid (fixing agent) for easy storage.
Brush stroke technique
Pen-spraying technology is to spray the color in the pen to the screen through the pressure of the air pump, and its modeling mainly depends on the remaining shape after covering. The process of inkjet production
It is a combination of ink painting, with the help of other brushes to describe the details of some objects and the performance of flowers and characters. The picture effect is exquisite, the light and shade transition is soft, and the color change is subtle and vivid, as shown in Figure 6-26~ Figure 6-28 (color picture before text).
The operation of inkjet printing is nothing more than "practice makes perfect". To complete a high-quality painting work, it is not only the mastery of painting tools, but also the skills of painting.
Places where inkjet technology is often displayed:
(1) stands for uniform color change in a large area;
(2) Representing the natural transition between the light and shade of the surface and the sphere;
(3) Smooth ground and its reflection;
(4) Expressed the texture of glass, metal and leather;
(5) Perception of lighting and light.
Procedures and requirements for painting:
(1) Shallow first, then deep, leaving shallow depth, spraying the general surface first, and then drawing details;
(2) The color processing should be simple, and change should be found in unity, not unity in change;
(3) Pay more attention to the contrast and harmony of large color blocks in the picture, and pay less attention to the cold and warm changes of monomers;
(4) Emphasize the contrast between light and shade of the central subject, and weaken the contrast between black and white of the surrounding space interface and scenery.
(5) The highlight and lighting treatment at the turning point of the object should be carried out in the final stage. Highlights should not be white, but should be suitable for the inherent color of the object, the distance of space and the distance from the light source.
(6) When spraying the light effect, don't point at the light, only at a few key light sources, and it is best not to point at the distance.
(7) The special pigment used in the pen sprayer must be stirred evenly to avoid blocking the pen, and the sprayed pigment is translucent on the paper.
(8) The pencil draft requires accurate and clear line outlines, and there can be no waste lines.
(9) The modification of brush strokes must be cautious, and it is best to clean a large area before spraying. Generally speaking, the washed place will also leave traces, so it is best to thicken the paint where it is sprayed again, and spray it twice when it is dry. ) or you can change the color directly on the prototype without washing, and then spray the adjacent colors with a pen.
8. Computer graphic flat painting technology.
The drawing method of computer graphics input board is simple and portable. After you draw it on the screen with your digital pen, you can link it to the computer and do some processing with ps.
Three original principles should be followed when drawing hand-drawn:
realness
A, that is, the performance effect must conform to the objective reality of the design environment. Such as indoor space, furniture and so on, all require its authenticity. In addition, three-dimensional modeling, material texture, lighting color, greening, and character embellishment should all conform to the effect and atmosphere designed by designers.
B, authenticity is the lifeline of the renderings.
A, can't be divorced from the actual size and arbitrarily change the definition of space; (For example, the size of indoor space and furniture cannot be changed at will; Be true and practical);
B, can't deviate from the objective design content and subjectively and unilaterally pursue some artistic interest and artistic style of the picture; (Interior design renderings should be realistic and practical; And painting can be arbitrary)
C, can't misunderstand the design intent, the atmosphere effect is far from the original design. (meet the requirements of the owner)
To sum up, we must ask our designers or entrusted designers to have a * * * knowledge: authenticity is always the first.
scientificity
In order to ensure the authenticity of the renderings and avoid random or misinterpretation in the drawing process, we must treat every link in the picture with a scientific attitude. Whether drawing, drawing, light, shadow and color processing, we must abide by the basic laws and requirements of perspective and chromatics, and take every design seriously with a rigorous and scientific attitude. Bitter before sweet; Haste makes waste.
artistry
The renderings are not only a construction drawing of Zhang Kexue, but also a painting with high artistic taste. Good renderings we regard as interior decoration or even permanent collection, which fully shows the artistic charm of a wonderful renderings. So a good design is also a good painting from another angle.
It is very important for us to correctly understand the interaction and relationship between them and give full play to their effectiveness in different situations.
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