1. Verses about scrutiny

Verses about scrutiny 1. Verses about scrutiny

1. The poem "Spring Breeze" in "Boating the Boat in Guazhou" The poet repeatedly used the word "green" in "The South Bank of the Green River", and successively chose "to", "guo", "in", "man", etc., and finally chose the top word "green". The word "green" describes the green grass, vitality and spring scene in the south of the Yangtze River.

2. "Looking at the waterfall Guaqianchuan from a distance" ("Looking at Lushan Waterfall"), the word "hang" in the poem is superb, vividly depicting the scene of looking at the waterfall from a distance, and the word "hang" just comes true. "Looking from a distance" makes the scenery of the waterfall particularly spectacular. Although it seems to be standing still for a long time, it shows how fast the flow is.

3. In "Fei Liu goes straight down three thousand feet", the word "straight" makes people feel the majestic momentum of the waterfall when viewed up close.

4. "Looking at it from the side, it looks like a ridge. "The peaks are different from near and far" ("Ti Xilinbi"), it should be looking horizontally, sideways, far away, close up, looking down from a distance, looking up from the bottom, this sentence omits five predicates of variety. 5. A line from Song Qi's "Spring in the Jade House": "The dawn outside the green poplar smoke is light and cold, and the spring breeze is noisy on the red apricot branches." Wang Guowei commented in "Human Words": With the word "noisy", the whole realm appears. The word "Nao" shows a picture of apricot blossoms blooming in front of our eyes, especially the red apricots all over the mountains and plains, which is dizzying and creates a strong visual impact. The original flat picture becomes dynamic, which is the essence of the whole poem. The finishing touch, it brings out all the vibrant spring scenery. The word "nao" is not only colored but also seems to have a sound.

The Tang Dynasty poet Jia Dao went to visit his friend Li Ning, but Li Ning was not at home. Jia Dao came all the way, wanting to see Li Ning and get the money to come back from him. At this time, everyone must have guessed that Jia Dao was extremely depressed. Not only did he miss out, but he might even risk begging on the street and go back. Fortunately, Jia Dao was a smart man, so he quickly put together a few poems and planned to get some money from some literary young people who were illiterate and admired poets greatly. At that time, Jia Dao was riding on a donkey and remembered a saying: "The bird stayed in the tree by the pond, and the monk pushed the moon to come down from the door." But he felt bad and wanted to change it to knocking, but felt bad again. He was "thinking" on the donkey's back and bumped into the honor guard of Jingzhao Yin and Hanyu. Han Yu asked him why, and Jia Dao expressed his doubts. Han Yu asked him: "Why do you think the monk came back in the middle of the night?" Jia Dao said: "As mentioned in the previous sentence, he just committed a lust and caution by the tree by the pool (for details, please refer to the movie "Lust and Caution", the famous porn star Liti Chung He acted bravely) and then came back excitedly. In that case, he should have pushed him, because he didn't want the master to know that he was not home at night. "Han Yu said, "No, that's not true. If he came back secretly, it would be even worse. Duan, arousing suspicion. If he was a smart monk, he would knock on the door as if nothing had happened. "Jia Dao praised: "What a insight!" Then he found a piece of paper and wrote down the poem. Han Yu noted on the side: "It's better to knock here! Han Yu" expressed his admiration again, and then he thanked and left.

The next day, Jia Dao shouted loudly on the roadside: "Mr. Jingzhao Yin Hanyu signed it himself!" He finally returned home safely. The word "examination" has become a good story. Later generations called serious discussion of knowledge "examination".

2. The verses of "Jia Dao's review":

The original text of "Jia Dao's review" was when Jia Dao was in the capital for the first time. One day while sitting on a donkey, he came up with a sentence that goes: "The bird stayed by the pond. Tree, the monk knocked on the door under the moon." He also wanted to use the word "push", but the refinement was not yet determined, so he chanted "Oh" on the donkey and raised his hands to make a push. The onlookers were astonished. At that time, Han retreated to the capital, Zhao Yin, and the chariots and riders came out. Dao didn't feel that he had stopped at the third verse, but the gesture was still there. Russia supported Yin Qian from the left and right. Dao Gu responded to the poem, and the word "push" and "knock" were undecided. His mind was wandering and he didn't know how to avoid it. He retreated immediately and took a long time. , said to the island: "The word 'knock' is good." Then they returned with their bridles, and they discussed poetry and stayed there for many days, because they were common friends with the island. The title of Li Ning's seclusion is written by: Jia Dao lives leisurely, young neighbor Bing, The grass path leads into the deserted garden. Birds stay in the trees beside the pond, and monks knock on the door under the moon. Crossing the bridge, the colors of the wild scenery are separated, and the stones are moved and the cloud roots are moved. I have been here for a while, and the quiet period has lived up to its promise.

3. What are the poems about "examination"

1 "Nian Nujiao (Rehe)"

Song Dynasty: Zhang Xiaoxiang

The messenger of embroidered clothes, his last song in Yingzhong, "Spring and White Snow". A person should go to heaven and receive kindness from the king three times a day. The powder is fragrant, the palace bed is rich in brocade, and the silk is knotted. The minister's heart is like water, and he will become hot without teaching.

I still remember that the mountains and the sea follow each other, and the pines are thousands of feet long, reflecting my autumn pole festival. Enduring the cold and pondering is full of happiness, hunting in the black scarf in the wind. As long as I return east, I will return to my heart and dream, and my dream will be filled with the cold moon and the river. Not because of the water shield perch, the white-headed relatives look forward to it clearly.

2 "Magnolia Blossoms Slowly (Second Rhyme: Sun Ji Chuang's Praise for Peonies)"

Song Dynasty: Zhang Ju

The red gradually thickens and flies away, and the early green leaves cover the forest tips. . It is slightly cold in the Zhengchi Pavilion, with poplar catkins floating in the air and grass-colored robes lingering in the air. The fragrance of the sky floats on the courtyard at night, and you can see the pavilions and rain sills stained with spring ointment. Take advantage of the opportunity to win rewards, don't throw your youth away lightly.

Whipsheath. Drive the horse's hooves high. Everything in the world is in a state of flux. Then Fei Shu was so busy that he had time to plan and plan, so why bother to scrutinize. In front of the flowers, I frowned and uttered a sentence, quietly doing the work, and playing the lead knife beside me. When will I carry the bottle of wine again and carefully cut the fragrant buds in the floating bowl?

3 "Huanxi Sha (Reused Rhyme)"

Song Dynasty: Wu Qian

The peony buds of the crabapple have bloomed, and there are still Dongjun flowers upward. There is no need to feel melancholy and complain about Chunhua.

Decorate the new scenery of the garden and reflect on the old feelings. Also spare the rhizome and duckweed.

4 "The Wind Enters the Pines (Ode to a Mountain Village)"

Song Dynasty: Zhang Yan

The clear mist and warm green protect the haze. Qiao Mujin's family. Living in seclusion, I am afraid of returning to the pictures, calling for woodcutters, green trees, and many kinds of mulberry and hemp. The door cover reflects the ancient meaning, which makes life very indifferent.

Boundless romantic years. Guests can enjoy tea melons. Although his carriages and horses are too remote, they are noisy with laughter and jackdaws in the flowing water. Xiaoyin is suitable for deep tranquility. It is not suitable to plant plum blossoms on the lake.

5 "Zhou Gong Jin Inkstone (Two of the Four Selections)"

Qing Dynasty: Huang Zongxi

Bianyang fragments of stone came out of the pond to rest, and the remaining ink still accumulated in the water.

Half of it has been written about the death of the Song Dynasty, and the other half is written about the present day.

The words "Remaining Water and Remaining Mountain" are rare, and Yan Yuanren has been studying them for a long time.

The inkstone is mottled with the tears of the survivors, and the hatred at the bottom of the well remains unsatisfied for thousands of years.

4. The poem that Jia Dao studied is

The poem that Jia Dao studied is "The bird stays in the tree by the pond, and the monk knocks on the door under the moon."

It comes from the work "Inscribed on Li Ning's Residence" by the Tang Dynasty poet Jia Dao, which means that at night, by the pond, birds perch in the trees; under the moonlight, the old monk knocks on the door. These two lines of poetry are a bit confusing at first glance.

Of course, the poet cannot even see the birds sleeping on the trees by the pond at night. In fact, this just shows the poet's skill in conception and painstaking intention.

Because the moonlight was bright and everything was silent, a slight knock on the door by the old monk (perhaps referring to the author) alarmed the birds, or caused them to make an uneasy noise, or The bird flew out of the nest, circled around, and settled in the nest again. The author seizes this fleeting phenomenon to depict the tranquility of the environment, which contains tranquility in the sound, which is unexpected.

If the word "push" is used, of course there will be no such artistic effect.

Extended information: 1. Creation background This is a short poem describing the poet's visit to his friend Li Ning. Its specific creation time is difficult to verify.

According to poetry, one day, Jia Dao went to the outskirts of Chang'an City to visit a friend named Li Ning. By the time he arrived at Li Ning's residence, it was already dark.

At this time, in the dead of night and the bright moonlight, his knock on the door awakened the birds in the tree. Unfortunately, Li Ning was not at home that day.

So Jia Dao felt inspired and wrote this poem. 2. Anecdotes and allusions There is another story about the creation of this poem: One day, Jia Dao was riding a donkey on the official road in Chang'an, the capital, and composed the poem "Inscribed on Li Ning's Residence in Seclusion". Two sentences in it are: "Niaosuo" The tree in the pond, the monk pushing the moon down the door."

Jia Dao felt that the word "push" in the poem was not used appropriately, and wanted to change the word "push" to the word "knock", but he also I feel that "knock" is a bit inappropriate, and it is not as good as "push". I don't know whether it is better to "knock" or "push".

So he was on the back of the donkey, mumbling in his mouth, and repeatedly pushing the door and knocking on the door with his hands. Unknowingly, he bumped into the honor guard of Jingzhao Yin Han Yu, and was immediately escorted in front of Han Yu.

Han Yu said to Jia Dao angrily: "Why don't you look ahead when you are riding a donkey?" Jia Dao hurriedly apologized to Han Yu and said that he had just written a poem on the donkey. "Knock", the word "knock" was used, and the situation that could not be avoided was explained once again by concentrating on thinking. After hearing this, Han Yu not only did not blame him, but immediately thought about it for a long time and said to Jia Dao: "I think it is better to use 'knock'. Even in the dead of night, visiting friends and knocking on the door means that you are a polite person." ! And the word "knock" makes the night more quiet.

Besides, the word "knock" sounds louder." Jia Dao nodded in praise after hearing this. The poem is designated as "The monk knocks on the door under the moon".

From then on, he and Han Yu became friends. This is the origin of the allusion of "examination".

Reference material: Baidu Encyclopedia - Title: Li Ning lives in seclusion.

5. Poems related to speculation

The book "Liu Gong Jiahua" records: Jia Dao went to the capital Chang'an for the first time to take the imperial examination. One day he was riding on the back of a donkey and recited a poem: : "It's quiet late at night, birds are perching on the branches by the pond, and monks knock on the door of the temple under the moonlight when they return home at night."

At first I wanted to use the word "push", and then I wanted to use the word "push". I used the word "knock" and pondered the words carefully, but I was still unable to decide which word was more beautiful and expressive, so I chanted and read on the back of the donkey, and kept reaching out to make "push" and "knock" gestures. At this time, Han Yu, the Minister of the Ministry of Personnel and Jingzhao Yin, was passing by, and Jia Dao unknowingly bumped into the third part of the ceremonial guard.

The entourage pushed Jia Dao to the front of Jingzhao Yin Hanyu, and Jia Dao explained the poems he had recited one by one. Han Yu stopped his horse and stood there for a long time, and said to Jia Dao: "It would be better to use the word 'knock'." So he and Jia Dao rode side by side back to the government office. For a long time, the two were reluctant to leave and discussed poetry writing. Although he was a high official, Han Yu became friends with Jia Dao, a civilian poet.

6. The verses considered in the poem

Ren Fan (name) wrote a poem on the wall of Taizhou Temple: "The moon on the front peak shines on the river, and the monks open their bamboo houses in the green." Go, some observers took the pen and changed the word "一" into the word "half". After translating (any translation) for dozens of miles, I got the word "half". I was eager to change it, and when I saw the changed word, I sighed and said: "There is someone in Taizhou." - (Li Dongyang's "Lutang Poetry Talk")

It tells the story of Ren Fan, a poet from the Tang Dynasty, who ran away for dozens of miles to change a single word. It is also very touching. "The moon shines on the front peak" will definitely lead to the situation of "the peak covers the moon". The moonlight will not shine all over the river, so changing it to "half the river" is both realistic and poetic.

Climbing Feilai Peak

Song Dynasty - Wang Anshi

Feilai Mountain Qianxun Pagoda,

I heard the rooster crow and saw the sun rising.

Don’t be afraid of floating clouds covering your eyes,

Your own body is at the highest level.

Wang Anshi (1021-1086), also known as Jiefu and Banshan Old Man, was a great politician in the Northern Song Dynasty. He served as prime minister and implemented reforms with the support of Emperor Shenzong. In history, it was called "Wang Anshi's Reform". Wang Anshi is also a writer, and he writes very well in both poetry and prose. He paid great attention to rhetoric. It is said that his famous sentence "The spring breeze turns green on the south bank of the river" went through dozens of revisions before choosing the word "green", which has been passed down as a good saying for thousands of years.

1. Feilai Peak - Baolin Mountain outside Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

2. Qianxun Tower - describes the tower as being very high. In ancient times, one fathom was equal to eight feet.

3. Fate - because.

This quatrain was written by Wang Anshi when he was a local official in Zhejiang. The first two sentences describe the image of Feilai Peak Pagoda, and the last two sentences describe the feelings of climbing Feilai Peak Pagoda.

The mountain is tall, the tower is tall, and the tower on the top of the mountain is even taller. How high is the total height of Feilai Peak and the pagoda on it? have no idea. The poet only tells us that the tower alone is more than 8,000 feet long - this is of course an exaggeration. The poet also told a legend: standing on the tower, you can see the sunrise over the sea during the fifth watch of the rooster's crow. Please think about Feilai Peak’s towering momentum!

Although the pagoda is high, it is not unreachable. In the blink of an eye, the poet has climbed to the top of the tower and has a panoramic view of everything in the world. The wandering clouds can no longer block his sight! "Don't be afraid of floating to cover your eyes, your own body is at the highest level." At first glance, it sounds like it is talking about the experience of viewing the scenery; but once you think about it, you will understand a philosophy of life: in terms of social life and ideological cultivation, Don’t you also have to stand tall to see far? ! To the poet, this is an ambitious self-encouragement; to the reader, it is an upward revelation.

Su Xun’s disciples were either talented men or talented women, which was of course inseparable from his teachings.

It is said that one day, Su Xun bought a painting and planned to pair it with a couplet. However, after he drew up the couplet, he did not write the middle word, copied it out, and asked his children to fill in the couplet. Test their talents and learning:

Willows in the Breeze

Plum Blossoms in the Light Moon

Su Shi (Dongpo) was the fastest in literary thinking and immediately filled in two words , making it become:

The gentle breeze shakes the thin willows

The pale moon reflects the plum blossoms

Su Xiaomei said: "What my brother filled in is certainly good, but the words he used Not exciting enough. What if we use the words "support" and "lost"? Asked the second child's opinion, Su Che praised the younger sister and said: "This is the word "Lian". The word 'help' is used to make the wind more gentle. Only the word 'lost' is used to make the heaven and earth merge into one color, creating a confusing and poetic meaning."

Su Xun also thought that the younger sister was good, and Su Shi also admired the younger sister's talent.

Ren Fan (name) wrote a poem on the wall of Taizhou Temple: "The moon on the front peak shines on the river, and the monks opened their bamboo houses in the green." After leaving, some observers took the pen and changed "一" to " "Half" word. After translating (any translation) for dozens of miles, I got the word "half". I was eager to change it, and when I saw the changed word, I sighed and said: "There is someone in Taizhou." - (Li Dongyang's "Lutang Poetry Talk")

It tells the story of Ren Fan, a poet from the Tang Dynasty, who ran away for dozens of miles to change a single word. It is also very touching. "The moon shines on the front peak" will definitely lead to the situation of "the peak covers the moon". The moonlight will not shine all over the river, so changing it to "half the river" is both realistic and poetic.

7. The poem that Jia Dao studied is

The poem that Jia Dao studied is "The bird stays in the tree by the pond, and the monk knocks on the door under the moon." It comes from the work "Inscribed on Li Ning's Retreat" by Jia Dao of the Tang Dynasty, which means that at night, birds perch on the trees beside the pond; under the moonlight, the old monk knocks on the door.

These two lines of poetry are a bit confusing at first glance. Of course, the poet cannot even see the birds sleeping on the trees by the pond at night. In fact, this just shows the poet's skill in conception and painstaking intention.

Because the moonlight was bright and everything was silent, a slight knock on the door by the old monk (perhaps referring to the author) alarmed the birds, or caused them to make an uneasy noise, or The bird flew out of the nest, circled around, and settled in the nest again.

The author captures this fleeting phenomenon to depict the tranquility of the environment, which contains quietness in the sound, which is unexpected. If the word "push" is used, of course there will be no such artistic effect.

Extended information:

1. Creation background

This is a short poem describing the poet's visit to his friend Li Ning. The specific time of its creation is difficult to research. According to the poem, one day, Jia Dao went to the outskirts of Chang'an City to visit a friend named Li Ning. By the time he arrived at Li Ning's residence, it was already dark.

At this time, in the dead of night and the bright moonlight, his knock on the door awakened the birds in the tree. Unfortunately, Li Ning was not at home that day. So Jia Dao felt inspired and wrote this poem.

2. Anecdotes and allusions

There is another story about the creation of this poem: One day, Jia Dao was riding a donkey on the official road in Chang'an, the capital, and recited the poem "Inscribed on Li Ning's Residence in Seclusion" "This poem, two of the lines are: "The bird rests on the tree in the pond, and the monk pushes the moon to come down the door."

Jia Dao felt that the word "push" in the poem was not used appropriately, and wanted to The word "push" was changed to the word "knock", but he felt that "knock" was also a bit inappropriate and not as good as "push". I don't know whether it is better to "knock" or "push".

So he was on the back of the donkey, mumbling in his mouth, and repeatedly pushing the door and knocking on the door with his hands. Unknowingly, he bumped into the honor guard of Jingzhao Yin Han Yu, and was immediately escorted in front of Han Yu. Han Yu said to Jia Dao angrily: "Why don't you look ahead when you are riding a donkey?" "Knock", the word "knock" was used, and the situation that could not be avoided was explained once again by concentrating on thinking.

After hearing this, Han Yu not only did not blame him, but immediately thought about it for a long time and said to Jia Dao: "I think it is better to use 'knock'. Even in the dead of night, visiting friends and knocking on the door means that You are a polite person! And the word "knock" makes the night more quiet. Besides, the word "knock" sounds louder."

After hearing this, he nodded and praised him repeatedly, so he decided to call the poem "The monk knocks on the door under the moonlight". From then on, he and Han Yu became friends. This is the origin of the allusion of "examination".

Reference materials:

Sogou Encyclopedia - Title: Li Ning’s Residence