Before creating cartoons, we must first understand the basic tools necessary for creating cartoons. Because of the diverse styles of comics, there are also various tools for drawing. Here are just a few common basic drawing tools. When drawing cartoons, you need some special tools besides pencils and erasers. Such as base paper, point paper, ruler, scraper, copying table, etc. Here are some details of these tools:

Pencil:

Mainly used for drafting, mechanical pencil is generally better. You can choose refills with different hardness according to your personal habits. You can also use wooden pencils, such as "Zhonghua" brand, and generally use HB or hard H pen.

Rubber:

Used to erase pencil lines or do special effects on dotted paper. Be sure to use a drawing board that doesn't wrinkle and fluff the paper easily.

Ruler:

Cartoon drawing generally requires three rulers: ruler, triangle ruler and cloud ruler. Rulers are generally used to draw borders and straight lines, followed by triangular rulers to draw parallel lines and right angles, and cloud rulers to draw curves. When buying a ruler, be careful not to buy a right-angled ruler, but to buy an inclined ruler.

Ink:

Where all black is needed, painting with ink is darker and more beautiful than painting with black ink. When drawing black, you should start from the outside, carefully draw the outline along the outline of the painting, and be careful not to go out of bounds. Then, fill the pen with ink and fill the middle part.

Duck-billed pen:

Used to draw a straight line in an ink draft. Draw a straight line with neat edges and uniform thickness. When in use, the duckbill pen can't be dipped in ink directly, but it should be dipped in ink with a dipping pen or a writing brush, and then dripped from the gap of the duckbill pen, and the thickness of the drawn line segment is determined by adjusting the screw at the front end of the pen. When drawing a straight line, the pen is perpendicular to the paper, and the horizontal cable is pulled evenly, not too fast, so as to draw a uniform straight line.

Mike pen:

It is often used to draw large areas of black or special effects, and can also be used to draw thin lines. Sometimes you can also use colored pens to color the manuscript, which is different from the traditional style manuscript and more avant-garde. Its effect is just like the renderings, and the strokes are obvious, which is not easy for beginners to draw well. There are two kinds of pens: oily and water-based.

Black ink:

Black ink works well when drawing lines, and it dries faster than ink, and it is not easy to be dissolved by water after drying. In addition, black advertising color can also be used to blacken. The advantage is that the black advertising color will not reflect light, and it has a dark feeling, which is convenient for computer scanning. When using, it is forbidden to adjust too much or too little water.

Correct white (white):

Used to decorate the wrong and dirty parts, white can make the picture gorgeous and changeable. The white color of the poster is commonly used. When using, pay attention to adjust the concentration. Different concentrations will have different effects. When drawing white or small white dots on the dot paper, dip it in thick white. In addition, drawing light white in the highlights of hair, eyes and clothes can better reflect its texture and three-dimensional sense, and the picture is more layered and aesthetic, while the flying white line drawn at will has the feeling of illumination, which plays the role of "finishing touch".

Writing paper:

Used for sketching. The requirements for paper should be that no matter how many times it is drawn and rubbed repeatedly, it will not lose hair, not be damaged, and the lines dipped in the strokes will not be dizzy. It is best to choose manuscript paper with high cotton content and smooth surface. Generally speaking, the papers commonly used by professional cartoonists are: cartoon special drawing paper or drawing paper, watercolor paper, white cardboard and so on.

Point paper:

Used for gray tones or other special effects. There are many kinds of patterns on the dot paper, the most commonly used ones are "gray net" and "gradient net", and some "environment net" and "pattern net" can be used together. There are two kinds of dot paper: paper mesh and rubber mesh.

Art knife, pen knife and screen pressing knife:

Usually used for scraping the net, art knife is generally used for cutting the net, and pen knife is generally used for scraping the net. Skillful use of pen and knife is very important for cartoon making. In addition, due to the limited viscosity of dot paper, we also need to use a screen cutter to firmly stick dot paper to the manuscript paper. If there is no screen cutter, we can also use fingernails instead.

Brush:

You can paint a large area of color, or you can dip it in white to repair the painting. But the white brush must be used separately from other brushes, and the used brush must be cleaned.

Drawing pen:

Drawing pen is a very slender pen, which is often used to draw borders and lines with uniform thickness. The thickness of the drawing pen ranges from 0. 1mm to 2mm, but the commonly used size is 0.6mm to 0.8mm. Because the pen tip of the drawing pen is even in thickness, the drawn lines are not sharp, so it is not suitable for multiple purposes. Because the pen tip of the drawing pen is very thin, it is easy to block the pen tip when the ink is dry, so cover the pen cap in time after use. If the ink doesn't come out when you use it, you can flick it up and down or dip the pen tip in water, which is really bad. Can be soaked in clear water.

Dip pen:

It is used for inking, but there are many kinds of dip pens, and the thickness and shape of the nib are different. We can choose dipping pens with different thicknesses according to what we draw. G pen tip is very elastic, and can draw lines with different thicknesses according to the strength, especially the thick lines drawn are very smooth, which is most suitable for drawing outlines. The round nib is suitable for drawing very thin lines, but it can also draw thicker lines like the G nib if it is forced, and it can change freely. On the whole, it is thinner than the G pen, so some people only use it to draw details or backgrounds.

Pen holder:

Used to insert the nib. Generally, it can be divided into two types: universal pen holder (suitable for G pen, dysprosium pen, student pen, etc. ) and a round pen holder (a round pen suitable for small joints only).

Pen tip:

Mainly includes the following contents:

G-pen: great elasticity and great variation of line thickness. It can draw lines with a sense of cadence, and is usually used to draw the main lines of characters.

Student pen: it has small elasticity, thin lines and basically the same thickness, and is mostly used for drawing backgrounds and effect lines.

Pen: The elasticity is smaller than that of G pen and round pen, and the line changes moderately. It is often used to draw the texture of cloth. Because it is not easy to hang paper, it is often used to draw various effect lines.

Round pen: great elasticity and great line change. Because the lines are very thin, they are often used to describe details, such as the eyes of the characters and the blond expression.

Watercolor:

Watercolors include transparent watercolors and opaque watercolors.

Acrylic pigment:

Namely propylene pigment. It has the characteristics of watercolor and oil painting at the same time. It can be used directly, or mixed with water like watercolor, or mixed with some additives and coated with a thick layer to create an oil painting effect. Acrylic pigment has the characteristics of fast drying speed, water resistance, strong adhesion and high toughness after drying. It can be used not only on paper, but also on cloth, wood, stone, glass, metal and other materials.

Colored pencils:

The method of use is the same as that of a pencil, with long and thin lines, which are mostly used to describe and modify details. It can be divided into water-based colored pens soluble in water and oily colored pens soluble in oily solvents.

Colored ink:

The color is very bright and needs to be mixed with water, which is especially suitable for mixed color and repeated coloring. It can be divided into quick-drying type and water resistance. Water-resistant color ink will not dissolve after drying.

Pastel:

Rod pigments that can be directly colored can also be cut into powder for use. According to hardness, it can be divided into soft pastel and hard pastel. Pastel is easy to fall off, so it needs to be fixed by spraying protective glue after coloring.

Color dot paper:

Rich in colors, when a certain area in the painting needs a uniform tone, you can use colored stippling paper. Although there is no rendering and color mixing effect produced by watercolors, markers and other pigments, the finished color draft will be as pleasing to the eye as the original color celluloid painting.

Spray gun:

It consists of a compressor motor and a hand-held nozzle, which can spray paint evenly in fog. Watercolor, acrylic pigment and colored ink are all acceptable. The common way is to connect the nozzle directly to the compressed gas cylinder, which is not only convenient to use, ideal for painting, but also cheaper.

Automatic word eliminator:

Built-in high-performance micro motor can generate high-frequency vibration through a series of mechanical structures, which can erase small mistakes very cleanly. An automatic eraser can be equipped with rubber plugs for many different purposes and can be used flexibly according to modification. Generally speaking, there will be two button cell, one rubber white, one sand and one yellow.

Model doll:

A doll that simulates human body structure and joints can pose in various positions by moving its head, waist, hands and feet. By referring to dolls when painting, you can easily master various human postures such as lowering your head and raising your head. The height of the model doll is about 3 1cm, which is divided into male and female, and the length, size and waist position of the hands and feet are slightly different.

Copy desk:

Because the adhesive tape is divided into paper mesh and plastic mesh, especially the transparency of paper mesh is low, so it is necessary to use a copying table to increase the transparency of the mesh, so that it can be accurate when cutting and pasting the mesh.

Skills of using drawing tools:

When the combination of dip pen, duckbill pen, drawing pen and ruler draws lines, the ruler should be used with the inclined plane downward (if the ruler tool has no inclined plane, a thin object such as "coin" can be pasted under the ruler). Don't soak too much ink in the pen tip, so as to avoid the ink at the joint between the ruler and the pen leaking out of the line and polluting the drawing.

When the painting is accidentally stained, it can be repaired with correction white. When using correction white, pay attention to adding as little water as possible, and cover it after the pigment covered for the first time is completely dried, so as to avoid that the correction white accumulation is too thick to affect the picture effect.

If you can't repair the painting by altering it, you can cut a piece of paper slightly larger than the picture to be repaired, stick it on it with glue and redraw the repaired part. Or put a clean manuscript paper under the draft, and then carve out the part that needs to be modified with a knife, so that you can get a piece of paper with the same shape as the modified part, then embed the carved paper on the draft like a jigsaw puzzle, stick it firmly on the back with a slightly larger and thinner paper, and draw the carved part again.

When "scraping the net", don't use too much force to avoid scratching the net paper and desktop. When you need to scrape some straight lines, you can use a ruler, but put the blade flat to avoid scratching the ruler. When using a knife, you can also prepare a rubber pad or do this work on the glass of the copy desk.

When you need the effect of "pasting nets and overlapping nets", you can use a copying table. Note that when using the copy table, you can choose "frosted" glass as the transparent plate, and the light source of the copy table can choose fluorescent lamp, and try not to use incandescent lamp.

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