Ma Liang (187-222 AD), courtesy name Jichang. A native of Yicheng, Xiangfan, he was a famous official of the Shu Han Dynasty. The five brothers are all talented and famous. Ma Liang has white hairs on his eyebrows. People in his hometown say: "Ma's Wuchang family has white eyebrows that are the best." He has a very good relationship with Zhuge Liang, which can be seen from two things:

When Zhuge Liang followed Liu Bei to Shu, Ma Liang wrote to Zhuge Liang saying that Luocheng (now Guanghan County, Sichuan) has been captured , my brother should make great efforts and advance with victory. Based on this, people speculate that he and Zhuge Liang may be brothers or related. Zhuge Liang was older, so he called Liang his brother. (The relationship between Ma Liang and Zhuge Liang is quoted in "Three Kingdoms - Pei Song's Notes").

?Ma Liang was ordered to go on a mission to Soochow. He asked Zhuge Liang to write a letter of recommendation to Sun Quan. Zhuge Liang asked him to draft it himself and sign it. The last two sentences hope that Sun Quan "will surrender his heart and accept it, so as to comfort the general's life." After Sun Quan saw the letter, he treated him respectfully. In the first year of Zhangwu (AD 221), Liu Bei sent him to Wuling (today's southwestern Hunan Province) to unite with "barbarians" to help Shu conquer Wu. He succeeded and was highly regarded by Liu Bei. Later, in the Battle of Yiling, Liu Bei was defeated and Ma Liang was also killed.

The five Ma Liang brothers were famous for their talents when they were young. There is a proverb in the village: "The five permanent members of the Ma family are the best with white eyebrows."

Edit this section 1 Important Events

Ma Liang became an official when Liu Bei occupied Jingzhou and held a post.

After Liu Bei entered Sichuan and Zhuge Liang sent reinforcements to the west, Ma Liang stayed in Jingzhou and was promoted to General Zuo.

Later Ma Liang went to Soochow as an envoy and was treated respectfully by Sun Quan.

After Liu Bei ascended the throne, he appointed Ma Liang as his minister.

During Liu Bei's Eastern Expedition, Ma Liang was ordered to recruit the Wuxi barbarians, and all the barbarians obeyed the Shu Han.

During the Battle of Yiling, Ma Liang was killed at the age of thirty-six.

Liu Bei later appointed Ma Bing, Ma Liang's son, as the Cavalry Commander.

Edit this paragraph 2 Life

There are five brothers in Ma Liang's family, all of whom are talented and famous. After Liu Bei occupied Jingzhou, he recruited him as an official. In 211, Liu Bei entered Yizhou to help Liu Zhang, but the two sides later broke up. In 214, Zhuge Liang and others also led their troops to Yizhou, so Ma Liang and Guan Yu guarded Jingzhou together. After Luocheng was conquered, Ma Liang wrote to Zhuge Liang: "I heard that Luocheng has been taken out, and this is the day of Zuo. My dear brother, I have promised to praise the world, and I have brought great success to the country, and I have seen the signs of my soul. I will use Yalu to judge, and I will show you the light. It is appropriate to use simple talents at the right time. If the light is harmonious and far away, the virtues are heaven and earth, so that the world can be listened to at leisure, and the world can listen to the Tao. It can harmonize the sound of Zheng and Wei, and it is conducive to things, without competing with each other. "Lun, this is the melody of Ya and Kuang. Although it is not the time of the bell, I dare not to beat the knot!" In the letter, he even respected Zhuge Liang as his brother.

Later Liu Bei appointed Ma Liang as General Zuo. Not long after he went to Dongwu as an envoy, Ma Liang wrote: "I sent Ma Liang to recruit and succeed me, so as to show off the merits of Kunwu and Xiwei. He is a good person, and the order of Jingchu is rare in creating inferior splendor, but he has the beauty of conquering the end." , I am willing to accept it with my heart, so as to comfort my general." Sun Quan respected him very much. In 221, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor and appointed Ma Liang as his minister. In the same year, Liu Bei sent troops to attack Soochow, and Ma Liang was ordered to go to Wuling to recruit and surrender the Wuxi barbarians. As a result, all the barbarians accepted the official seal and title of Shu Han and submitted, and everything was under Ma Liang's control. Unfortunately, Liu Bei was defeated in the Battle of Yiling and Ma Liang was also killed.

Edit this paragraph 3 Family

Brother - Ma Su, Ma Liang's younger brother. They were both Shu Han counselors, but were later beheaded by Zhuge Liang due to defeat.

Son - Ma Bing, son of Ma Liang. From official to cavalry captain.

Edit this paragraph 4 comments

The Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms commented: "Dong He performed the duties of a lamb, Liu Ba performed the duties of a pure and noble person, Ma Liang was honest and honest, and was called a minister, and Chen Zhen was loyal. Old and wise, Dong Yunkuang is the master, his righteousness is reflected in his appearance, and he is a good minister of Shu."

A rural proverb: "The five characteristics of the Ma family are the best."

Yang Xi's. "Ji Han Fu Chen Zan" praises Ma Jichang, Wei Wenjing, Han Shiyuan, Zhang Churen, Yin Konglin, and Xi Wenxiang: "Ji Chang is good and solid, diligent in writing classics, scholars are Yuan's words and regulations, Chu Ren is aware of plans, Kong Xiu, Wen Xiang, or Cai or Zang , "The Chronicles of Chu, Lan Fang of Chu"

"The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms - The Ninth Biography of Shu Jiupang Cui Dong, Liu Ma, Chen and Dong Lu"

Liangzi Jichang, He is also from Yicheng, Xiangyang. There are five brothers, and they all have talented names. The local proverb says: "Ma's Wuchang, white eyebrows are the best." There are white hairs in the eyebrows, so they are called them. The first ruler took charge of Jingzhou and established a business.

When the first emperor entered Shu, Zhuge Liang also followed. Liang stayed in Jingzhou and wrote to Liang, saying: "I heard that Luocheng has been taken out, and this is where Tianzuo comes from. My dear brother, as expected, praises the world, and he has a great career and a bright country. I have seen the omen of my soul. I have seen the omen." Songzhi thought that Liang Gai and Liang were brothers, or were related to each other; Liang was older, so Liang called Liang his respected brother. If it is harmonious, the light is pleasing to the distance, the virtue is heaven and earth, the time is leisurely listening, the world is convinced of the Tao, the sublime and wonderful sounds are harmonious, the voices of Zheng and Wei are harmonious, and they are conducive to things, without competing with each other, this is the end of the orchestra, teeth, It's Kuang's tune. Even though it's not Zhongqi, I dare not attack Jiedie!

Later he sent an envoy to Wu, Liang said to Liang: "Now I have the title of national order, and I will cooperate with the two families of Mu. Fortunately, Liang is in the position of General Sun." Liang said: "You will try your own way to write." Liang said: Cao said: "I sent Ma Liangtong to recruit and succeed Hao, in order to show off the merits of Kunwu and Shewei. He is a good person and an order from Jingchu. He is rare in creating inferior splendor, but he has the beauty of conquering the end. He originally surrendered and accepted it. "Comfort the general's life." Quan treated him respectfully.

They were all honored by their ancestors and regarded Liang as their attendants. During the Eastern Expedition against Wu, Liang was sent to Wuling to recruit barbarians from Wuxi, and all the barbarian commanders received their seals, as Xian Ruyi meant. Huixianzhu was defeated in Yiling, and Liang was also killed. The First Lord worshiped Liangzi Bing as the Cavalry Commander.

Edit this paragraph 2. The protagonist of the fairy tale "Ma Liang"

This fairy tale was created by Hong Xuntao, a famous Chinese fairy tale writer, in 1954. He won the first prize in the Second National Juvenile and Children's Literary Creation Awards, and the children's film "Magic Pen" adapted by the author won the first-class gold medal for outstanding films from 1949 to 1955 from the Ministry of Culture.

The protagonist Ma Liang is a diligent, hard-working and ambitious child. He lost his parents when he was young and his family was poor. He made a living by collecting firewood and cutting grass. However, he was not discouraged by his poor life and wanted to learn painting. He practiced hard every day, learning to trace flying birds on the sand and swimming fish on the rocks. In the evening, I took a piece of charcoal and reviewed the paintings I drew during the day on the wall of the cave dwelling. Later, he finally got a magic pen. He used this magic pen to draw birds, and the birds would fly in the sky; when he drew fish, the fish would swim in the water. The greedy rich man found out about this and asked Ma Liang to draw a big ingot for him. Ma Liang refused and was imprisoned in a stable. Ma Liang drew a ladder and ran away; he also drew a big horse and rode it, but the rich man could not catch up. The emperor asked Ma Liang to paint, but Ma Liang was unwilling. The emperor threw him into prison. Ma Liang drew an island, with a glittering money tree on the island, and a large wooden boat. When the emperor, ministers, and generals... took the boat to get the money, strong winds and waves swallowed them all. From then on, Ma Liang used his skills to draw freely for the poor villagers, drawing what they needed: plows, cattle, waterwheels, stone mills...

Edit this paragraph 3 .Director of the Shaanxi Provincial Chang'an Traditional Chinese Painting Research Institute (1941-)

His words are clear and his words are clear. He is a traditional Chinese painter and an expert in cultural and antique appraisal. A native of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, Hui nationality, born in 1941. The name of the house is Tiandi Lu. He was given the nickname Hua Xia and nicknamed Lingfengtang. He is currently the president of the Shaanxi Provincial Chang'an Traditional Chinese Painting Research Institute and a librarian of the Shaanxi Provincial Literature and History Research Institute.

I have been practicing painting since I was a child. In the 1960s, I started painting from old painters such as Zhang Hanshan and Cai Hezhou, mostly of flowers, birds, and people. In the early 1970s, he became close friends with Shi Lu and He Haixia. Under their influence, he focused on landscape painting. Shi Lu once wrote a postscript for Ma Liang's painting: "Ma Liang painted Huashan in the Guanzhong of Qin, Shaanxi today. He won both the mountains and the people." Ma Liang engaged in landscape painting and advocated inheriting the traditions of the Song and Yuan Dynasties. His paintings are deeply influenced by the charm of the Song and Yuan Dynasties, with strong and sophisticated brushwork and profound ink charm. The green mountains and rivers are just like those of the Song Dynasty, and the vast and elegant atmosphere overflows from the paper. Overseas newspapers and periodicals commented: "The majestic atmosphere has the majesty of the flowing rivers, and the deep and clear distance has the true flavor of the mountains and rivers." Ma Liang's original Huangtuyuan landscape painting opened up the expression field of Chinese landscape painting. "Art" magazine said: "The loess plateau, which is eight hundred miles away from Jingwei, appears majestic, magnificent, honest and simple in his paintings, exuding the fragrance of loess and full of the charm of loess. Deep traditional skills and strong era The spirit and rich flavor of life make Ma Liang's loess plateau landscapes unique in today's painting world."

Ma Liang has held solo exhibitions in Shenzhen, Xi'an, Taiwan and other places, all of which have achieved great success. His works have been exhibited in domestic and foreign art exhibitions more than 30 times, and nearly 200 pieces have been adopted by newspapers and magazines at home and abroad. Taipei National Palace Museum, Asia Art Center, Singapore Yizhenge Art Company, Hong Kong Global Art Company, Japan-China Friendship Association, Canadian Chinese Artists Association and other art institutions have collected Ma Liang's works.

Media at home and abroad: "Guangming Daily", "People's Political Consultative Conference", "Shenzhen Special Administrative Region News", "Art", "Modern China", Hong Kong's "Bauhinia", "China Cultural Relics World", Taiwan's "Art Nobles", Macau's "Macau Daily" "More than 40 newspapers and periodicals including Ma Liang have introduced Ma Liang and his artistic path.

Edit this paragraph 4. Japanese and puppet governor of Shandong Province (1864-1947)

The courtesy name is Zizhen. Hui people. A native of Qingyuan, Hebei Province. Graduated from Beiyang Military Academy. From 1901, he served as a teacher at Shanxi Military Academy and Zhili Army Crash Course. He once served as the commander of the supply camp of the Beiyang Standing Army, the staff officer of the Sixth Town, the 21st Infantry Commander, and the Artillery Commander of the Sixth Town. In June 1911, he was transferred to the Ninth Association of the Fifth Town of Beiyang. After 1912, he served as brigade commander of the 9th Brigade of the 5th Division, brigade commander and division commander of the 47th Shandong Mixed Brigade. In May 1916, he was appointed as the garrison envoy of Jinan, Shandong Province. During the May 4th Movement, Jinan's progressive students and masses were brutally suppressed. In August 1919, he ordered the killing of patriotic Hui citizen Ma Yunting and others, causing public outrage. In February 1933, he served as a senator of the Military Senate of the National Government. In January 1936, he was awarded the rank of Army Lieutenant General. After the fall of Jinan in December 1937, he defected to the Japanese army. In January 1938, he was appointed as the president of the Japanese-Puppet Jinan Maintenance Association. In March of the same year, he was appointed governor of Shandong Province and commander-in-chief of security. He was dismissed from office in January 1939. In March 1940, he served as a member of the puppet North China Political Affairs Committee. After Japan surrendered in 1945, the Kuomintang High Court of Shandong Province arrested him in 1946 and died of illness while on medical parole in 1947. Ma Liang has loved martial arts since he was a child. In 1914, the Shandong Martial Arts Institute was opened in Jinan to train key personnel and teachers. Invited domestic martial arts masters to compile "Chinese New Martial Arts". After its publication in 1918, it was once designated as a must-learn technique for the national military and police, and was promoted in secondary schools across the country.

Edit this paragraph 5. Director (1972-)

Born in Shanghai in 1972, graduated from Shanghai Fine Arts University in 1995, and set up his own studio YES in Shanghai and Beijing in 1999 Video Shop, a director of commercial films and short videos, has produced many short films that are very popular among the Chinese youth market. Representative work: "channel[v]-Eye Exercises, Made in China". In 2004, he was named one of the most influential advertising directors in China by China Advertising Herald. He started artistic photography creation in April 2004, using digital photography systems to create visual art works. Due to his special creative style that spans two fields, as well as his skillful control of visual techniques, his work has caused a great sensation since it was published on the Internet at the end of 2004. Dozens of professional media at home and abroad, including "Vision", "China Photography", "Friends of Photography", Singapore's "Lianhe Zaobao", Indigo Magazine, The Radio Magazine, etc. have conducted exclusive interviews on his works. In March 2005, he was interviewed by Canada's CBC TV station as a photographer and made a special documentary about his photography creation. It was broadcast in Canada in early 2006 and received an enthusiastic response.

Edit this paragraph 6. Professor at the School of Management, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology (1964-)

Male, born in 1964, is currently a professor and doctoral supervisor at the School of Management, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology. Graduated from the Department of Mathematics of Fudan University (Bachelor of Science); graduated from the System Engineering Department of (formerly) Shanghai Mechanical Institute (Master of Engineering); graduated from the School of Management of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Doctor of Management). Main research areas: systems engineering, intelligent optimization. Independently developed a professional software package for operations research/management science, containing nearly a hundred solution modules