Official documents are the product of official activities of party organizations, state organs, enterprises, institutions, organizations and schools in party affairs, government affairs, technical activities and economic activities; Official documents are also tools for announcing and conveying policies and decrees, guiding work, reporting and negotiating state affairs.
Official documents have a direct and effective guiding role. This guiding role includes command, law, execution, instruction, publicity, education and negotiation.
Writing official documents cannot be divorced from policies and laws, and must conform to the principles, policies, regulations and laws of the party and the government. Only by constantly improving the writing level of official documents can we continuously improve the quality of running documents and make official documents play their special functions.
According to the Measures for Handling Official Documents of State Administrative Organs issued by the General Office of the State Council in June 1993+0 1, there are 12 and 13 categories of official documents of state administrative organs in China: ① orders; 2 exercise; 3 decision; 4 description; (5) Announcements and notices. 6 notice; ⑦ Notice; (8) Report; Pet-name ruby for instructions; 10 reply; Letter11; 12 meeting minutes. According to the "Regulations on Handling Official Documents of Party Organs in China" issued by the General Office of the Central Committee 1996 in May, there are 14 kinds of official documents of Party organs at all levels in China: ① resolutions; 2 decision; 3 description; 4 opinions; (5) notice; 6 notice; ⑦ Bulletin; (8) Report; Pet-name ruby for instructions; 10 reply; 1 1 regulations; 12 regulation; Letter13; 14 meeting minutes.
The above two documents are the basis for the party and government organs to issue official documents, and also become the basis for enterprises, institutions, social organizations and industries to choose common official documents. Of course, some full-time organs, such as military, diplomatic, economic, legal and other institutions, also have other special official documents.
The processing procedures of official documents generally include: ① receiving documents; (2) Do it separately and in batches; 3 reminder; 4 draft; ⑤ Review and issue; ⑥ numbering and printing; ⑦ Filing (filing); (8) destruction. Directly related to writing is the draft.
Second, the format and elements of the official document [HT] [KH * 3/4] The official document has a prescribed format, and the official document should be written in accordance with the prescribed format. This can ensure the integrity, accuracy and procedure of official documents, facilitate the processing of official documents and improve the work efficiency of running documents.
The format elements of official documents generally include:
(1) Issuing authority (version)
The issuing organ is the author of the official document, and the issuing organ should write the full name or standardized abbreviation of the organ. Governments at the same level, government departments, government departments at higher levels and governments at lower levels can jointly write, and governments at all levels and their departments can also jointly write with the Standing Committee of the People's Congress at the same level, the armed forces, people's organizations, institutions and companies exercising administrative functions. When several organs jointly write, the host organ should rank first.
Prefix is the symbol of the issuing authority. At present, there are three types of official document titles used in China:
1, which consists of the full name or standardized abbreviation of the issuing authority plus the word "document", is set in red font and printed on the top of the first page of the document, commonly known as "big head". For example, "Zhejiang Provincial People's Government Document" and "Zhejiang Provincial Personnel Department Document".
2. The full name or standardized abbreviation of the issuing authority is marked with brackets, commonly known as "small version head". For example, "Zhejiang Provincial People's Government (Notice)" and "XX Municipal Education Commission (Letter)".
3, printed with the full name of the issuing authority's official letter paper, as a header.
As for the joint writing of several organs, a document organizer can use the masthead, and the mastheads of all joint writing organs can also be used.
(2) Document number [[〖HT〗] Document number is the serial number of each document when multiple copies of the same document are printed, which is located in the upper left corner of the header and marked with Arabic numerals to grasp the flow direction of each document. Top secret and confidential official documents should be marked with numbers.
(III) Classification [[〖HT〗] The classification of official documents is classified into three categories: top secret, secret and secret, which are determined by the issuing authority according to the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on Guarding State Secrets and its detailed rules for implementation, and the specific scope of state secrets and classification formulated by the central and state ministries, commissions, offices and bureaus, and the official document is marked in the upper left corner of the page, and its specific identification is "★", and its previous classification is marked with "★".
(4) degree of urgency
The urgency refers to the requirements for the speed of document transmission and processing. Urgent documents are divided into "urgent" and "urgent", which are marked under "secret level" in the upper left corner of the header. The telegram was marked "extremely urgent" and "urgent" respectively.
(5) Document number [[〖HT〗] Document number refers to the document code compiled by the issuing authority, referred to as document number for short. The document number consists of three parts: the issuing authority's generation, the issuing year and the issuing sequence number. Among them, the year of publication is enclosed in hexagonal brackets. For example, document 12 issued by 1998 the State Council, with the document number of "Guofa [1998] 12". The file number is located in the middle between the header and the red line. If it is made of official document paper, it is located at the upper right of the title. Several organs jointly issued a document, generally only indicating the document number of the host organ. (6) Issuer
Issuer is different from signature. Signature refers to some official documents that need to be issued in the name of the chief executive of this organ, and can only be issued after being signed or stamped with a signature seal. There are two situations for the manuscript: one is that the person in charge of the organ signs his name after examining and approving the manuscript, indicating that he agrees to publish the manuscript; Second, the instructions and reports submitted to the superior must indicate the issuer. This refers to the latter case. The name of the issuer is placed on the right side of the document number and above the red line of the header: "Issuer: ×××". In order to make the document look symmetrical, the document size should be moved to the left accordingly. Important or involving a wide range, must be issued by the chief or deputy leaders who preside over the daily work.
(7) Title
The title of the official document is located in the middle position below the header, generally between the header and the title, and the red line is used as the distinguishing sign. If the official document has no prefix, the title should be placed in the center below the red line under the organization name of the official letter header.
The title of the official document consists of three parts: the name of the issuing authority, the subject of the official document (subject matter) and the text. For example, the "Decision of the State Council on Strengthening the Prevention and Control of Schistosomiasis", in which "the State Council" is the issuing authority; "About strengthening schistosomiasis control" is the reason; "Decision" is a language. Generally, the preposition structure consists of the preposition "about" and the phrase that expresses the main content.
When writing a document title, you should pay special attention to the following points:
1. The title of an approved or forwarded document generally consists of three parts: the name of the approving or forwarding agency, the title and text of the approved or forwarded document. For example, the Notice of the State Council Municipality on Forwarding the Report of the State Bureau of Land Management on the Land Granted by Some Local Governments Beyond Their Power. When approving official document titles, we should put an end to the overlapping of prepositions and languages such as "about", "about" and "notice". At the same time, it should be noted that the original title is not given except for the approval of normative documents.
2, the reason should be concise and accurate summary of the main contents of the official document. For example, a municipal people's government cleaned up the normative documents formulated over the years, and dozens of * * * should be abolished. Obviously, it is impossible to list all the titles of these abolished normative documents as reasons when issuing documents. Even if only one article is written, it is too long, but it is summarized as "abolishing some normative documents", which is clear and concise.
When writing the title, you must choose and mark the language accurately, and you can't make your own language.
4. The title arrangement should be symmetrical and beautiful. Except for single-line titles with fewer words, more than two lines can be arranged in a pagoda shape, or in a double parallel shape or a triple parallel shape with the same length. When changing careers, don't open special nouns, even words such as names of people, places and institutions.
5, the official document title except for the use of the book name has clear provisions, generally do not add punctuation. If the title is too long or there is a pause in the middle, it can be indicated by spaces or line breaks. For example:
The State Council's opinion on revitalizing agriculture by relying on science and technology.
Decision on strengthening the popularization of agricultural scientific and technological achievements
(eight) the main service organ.
The main sending organ is other organs that require the issuing organ to handle or reply to official documents. In addition to the official documents released directly to the society, the official documents should generally write the name of the main sending organ in the top box at the lower left of the title before the text.
When determining the main delivery organ, attention should be paid to:
1, the government department shall, in accordance with the authorization and authority of the government at the same level, directly submit it to the people's government at the next lower level before writing.
2, for official documents, should adhere to the principle of the main send an organ, not long main send; Except in special circumstances, instructions are not allowed. Under the dual leadership of the authorities for instructions, should be based on the content of the main organ and the cc organ, the main organ is responsible for the reply. Except for matters directly assigned by the leaders, requests for instructions shall not be sent directly to the leaders themselves.
3, reply to the lower request, can only be sent to the original organ (unit), the relevant organs (units), and a copy.
4. When issuing official documents, the main sending organ shall write a standardized generic name, such as the documents issued by the people's government of XX province, and the main sending organ shall write as "the people's governments of cities and counties, the administrative offices of various regions, and the units directly under the provincial government".
(9) Text
The text is the main body of the official document and the part that reflects the specific content of the official document. The text is written in two blanks behind the main delivery mechanism. (For writing, see below)
(10) attachment
Attachments are official documents or materials attached according to the needs of the text, which are used to supplement the text or provide reference materials. The attachment is attached to the text.
(1 1) seal
A seal is a symbol of authority. The printing of official documents is the certificate that the issuing authority confirms the validity of official documents. The seal is stamped on the right lower end of the official document, with no words on it and the year on the bottom. The seal should be clear and correct. Non-standard official documents submitted jointly shall be stamped with the seal of the main newspaper organ, but the name of the issuer of the countersignature organ shall be indicated on the front page. The official documents jointly issued shall be sealed. Documents written in the name of the Chief Executive must be preceded by a document number and followed by a signature seal. Party documents and general documents with specific prefixes are not stamped with the seal of the issuing authority. This is very different from the official documents of the state administrative organs.
(12) written time
Generally, it is the date of issuance of the official document, which is marked on the lower right of the text. The writing time of the joint essay shall be subject to the issuing time of the leader of the final issuing authority. The official documents discussed and adopted by the meeting shall be based on the date adopted by the meeting, and the name and duration of the meeting shall be written in brackets and marked under the title of the official document.
(XIII) Notes ["HT"] Notes are used to explain various matters that cannot be explained in other areas of the official document. If you need to explain terms, or express the reading scope and usage of official documents, please draw another line with two spaces under your signature. Among them, the reading scope is the provision for the reading object, and it should also be enclosed in hexagonal brackets, such as [to the provincial army level] and [to the county regiment level].
(14) keyword [[ht] keyword] for the topics mentioned in this document, it is composed of standardized words and languages, so as to search according to the topics and languages of this document in the future. The purpose of establishing official document thesaurus is to provide convenience for the accurate selection of terms in vocabulary and prevent randomness. The official documents submitted shall be marked with the subject words specified in the Thesaurus of Official Documents of Higher Authorities. A document has at least two subject words, usually no more than seven. For example, the official document "Notice of the State Council on Deepening the Work of Turning Losses into Gains" has four key words: enterprise, management, benefit and notice. From this, we can also draw a conclusion that subject words must correctly reflect the content characteristics and categories of official documents, be hierarchical and not be confused with titles.
(fifteen) copied to the authorities.
The migrant workers' cc organ refers to the relevant organ that should know the contents of this document although it is not sponsored. The name of the cc office should be written on two parallel solid lines with the same length after the "subject words" at the end of the document.
(sixteen) the issuing authority and time.
The issuing authority is the office department of the issuing authority; The printing time, usually the printing time, is placed under the thin solid line of the cc office.
The above elements of official document format should be arranged reasonably in an official document according to the regulations to show the seriousness of the official document. With the gradual realization of office automation, format elements and layout are more strict and standardized, and some format elements will be added.
Third, the writing method of official document text
The drafting of official documents must meet the following requirements:
(a) in line with national laws, regulations and rules, in line with the principles, policies and relevant provisions of the party and the state. If new policies and regulations are proposed, they should be practical and need to be explained on another piece of paper.
(two) the situation is true, the point of view is clear, clear, clear-cut, concise, neat handwriting, accurate punctuation, and strive to be concise.
(3) Names, places, figures and quotations are accurate. The time should be written in the specific year, month and day, for example, "94" cannot be written as "1994".
(4) Numbers in official documents should use Arabic numerals, ordinal numbers of some structural levels, words, phrases, idioms, abbreviations and numbers used as morphemes in rhetorical statements, except for writing time, on the premise that the numbers used in the same official document are consistent.
(5) The ordinal number of the structural hierarchy is 1, 1, 1 and 1.
(six) the national legal units of measurement should be used in official documents.
(seven) to quote the literature, the title should be quoted first, and then the symbol should be triggered, and brackets should be added.
(eight) accurate and standardized words. When using abbreviation, the full name should be used first, and the abbreviation should be indicated.
(nine) the official document for instructions should be one article, and the report shall not be accompanied by instructions.
There are two main ways to write the text of official documents: one is to show the purpose through narration and reasoning.
The writing of official documents can be divided into three types: upper writing, parallel writing and lower writing. Either way, the text of an official document is generally written from three aspects: narration, reasoning, purpose (or conclusion). Narration is to present facts, reasoning is to reason, and purpose (or conclusion) refers to what the other party is asked to do or draw a conclusion about something. The purpose should be indicated by narration and reasoning. Specifically:
(a) to the higher authorities to write instructions, generally first describe the situation, and then put forward their own views, and finally put forward a request, please the higher authorities for approval.
(two) to write an explanatory document, it is generally to state the situation first, then write the practice, and finally ask the leading organ or superior to give instructions on the next step.
(3) When writing a consultation document to a peer institution, the first thing you often ask is why, then according to what regulations, and finally asking for help to solve the problem to be solved.
(4) When issuing indicative official documents to the lower authorities, it is usually to write down the situation first, then propose how to solve it, and finally put forward specific measures for the lower authorities to implement.
(5) Write a reply (a reply to a document requested by a lower level), generally according to the matters required to be solved in the letter, and then specify the audit opinions, and finally ask the lower level to follow the reply.
To show the purpose through narration and reasoning is to make an in-depth investigation, truly grasp the situation, conduct analysis and research, and achieve sufficient reasons and correct views. The purpose of the proposal takes into account the actual needs and possibilities. Therefore, the materials must be true and reliable, the arguments are conclusive, the reasoning is in line with the policy, targeted and realistic. In this way, the purpose of the official document is clear and specific.
Second, the written expression is concise, accurate and clear.
Conciseness means conciseness. In addition to comprehensive reports, official documents adopt the system of one article and one thing. When writing, you should compress words carefully and repeatedly, and get rid of unnecessary function words. Long official documents should also be "straight to the point". At the same time, official documents require more clarity than ordinary articles. Its language is based on style and writing, and it is easy to understand and explain the problem. Homemade simplified Chinese characters are not allowed. Its language must conform to grammar and use punctuation correctly. Accurate means accurate and appropriate. Official documents must conform to the principle of accuracy, and the application of concepts, judgments and reasoning should conform to logic. In expression, we not only attach importance to the correctness of content, but also ignore the accuracy of form. From the content to the form, from the text structure to the use of words and sentences, it must be highly balanced and unified with the theme.
Clarity means that the layout of official documents is as important as other articles. All long official documents should come straight to the point, first of all, put forward the main points, that is, explain the purpose or conclusion of the full text with extremely short sentences at the beginning (called "introduction" in journalism, that is, the so-called "making a statement important is a warning to an article" in China), so as to attract readers' attention and make readers have a general concept in their hearts and have to continue reading. Then, make the necessary explanation. When a long document is divided into several paragraphs, this method should also be adopted for each paragraph. When an official document has several meanings or requirements, we must pay attention to organization, distinguish levels, and mark paragraphs and items with numbers. In this way, the text of the official document can be comprehensive and coherent.
Section 2 Writing of Notices and Letters
First, the writing of the notice.
Notice is the most frequently used language in official documents, and usually belongs to the following words. Applicable to the examination and approval of documents forwarded to lower authorities, and documents forwarded to higher authorities and organs that are not subordinate to higher authorities; Release regulations; Convey the matters that the lower authorities are required to handle and the relevant units need to know or implement together; Appointment, removal and use of cadres.
(a) Type of notification
According to the function, notifications can be divided into the following categories:
1, post a notice
(1) The approval notice of the lower authorities, such as reports and opinions, shall be approved by the higher authorities for implementation by the lower authorities. For example, the Notice of the Municipal People's Government on Approving the Opinions of the Municipal Housing Leading Group on Solving the Housing Problem of Poor Households, and the Notice of the State Council on Approving the Report of the State Bureau of Land Management on Some Local Governments' Unauthorized Land Grant.
(2) Forwarding Notices The organ shall notify the relevant units at lower levels to carry out the transmission to the higher authorities and those that do not belong to the higher authorities. Example: Notice of the General Office of XX Provincial People's Government Forwarding the General Office of the State Council on the Prohibition of Smoking and Drinking during Reception; Notice of the Ministry of Construction on Forwarding the State Price Bureau and the Ministry of Finance on Printing and Distributing the items and standards of administrative fees for centrally managed construction systems.
(3) issue an announcement, release various rules and other materials formulated by this organ, thus having direct administrative effect. For example: Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Measures for Handling Official Documents of State Administrative Organs.
Step 2 know the photo notice
It is used to convey, explain and inform relevant matters or situations to relevant units and departments. Such as the appointment and dismissal of cadres, the establishment or adjustment of institutions, the activation or replacement of seals, and the relocation of offices. Example: Notice on the appointment and dismissal of four comrades, including XX; Notice of the General Office of the State Council on the establishment of the office of correcting unhealthy trends in the industry in the State Council; Notice of the General Office of the State Council on suspending daylight saving time.
3. Notice of matters
(1) Layout Notice For some specific matters, the superior issues tasks, arranges work, and puts forward requirements for subordinates. Example: the State Council's circular on cleaning up triangular debts throughout the country.
(2) It is stipulated to notify the higher authorities to make clear provisions on the specific matters required to be executed by the lower authorities, so as to comply with them. Notice of the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Finance on changing the living conditions of graduate students during their study.
(3) The meeting notice informs an organ or department that a meeting will be held, and at the same time puts forward relevant requirements for attending the meeting, so this kind of notice has both the functions of notification and arrangement. Example: Notice on Holding a Symposium.
(2) The writing method of the notice
1, title
Usually, the titles of three kinds of notices consist of three parts: issuing authority, reason and language. Depending on the specific occasion and content, the issuing authority may omit it, and the term "notice" may also be changed to "preparatory notice", "formal notice" and "urgent notice". In the notice of issuing documents, we should accurately use "approval", "forwarding" and "release" to release the regulatory documents formulated by this organ, and use verbs such as "release" and "release" to mention important regulations. Except for the published regulations, book titles and punctuation marks are not used. It is necessary to deal with the prepositional structure and literary expression caused by "about" and put an end to the repeated use of words "about" and "notice".
2. Main organs
Depending on the content of the notice, some should indicate the name of the recipient, and some should be written in a standardized generic name. Although it is not an ordinary document, there are many main sending agencies, and you can also refer to the corresponding standardization.
3. Text
Generally, when drafting, first explain the reason, intention or purpose of the document, and then write down the specific matters, handling requirements, matters needing attention and time limit of the notice.
Except for short texts, most notices are in clause format, that is, the contents are sorted by articles and paragraphs according to certain logical standards, so as to be clear at a glance.
Because there are many kinds of notices, the writing and length of each text are very different, so I won't forgive them one by one.
Step 4 sign
At the end of the article, sign at the bottom right and affix the official seal.
Second, the writing of letters.
This letter belongs to a parallel text. It is suitable for mutual consultation and question-and-answer between non-affiliated institutions, or for the approval of relevant competent departments. According to initiative and passivity, letters can be divided into sending (going, asking) letters and replying letters. According to the form and specifications, letters can be divided into formal letters and informal letters. Official letters and memos are official documents, but the contents of official letters are often more important and involve the exercise of power, so they are written solemnly and have a complete official document format. Memos are used to handle specific affairs between units and leaders. The format is the same as ordinary letters, with no title and no document number. There is no need to put on record, but it also needs to be stamped with the official seal.
(1) Type of letter
This textbook mentions the classification of official letters.
1, contact letter
The consultation letter is used for mutual consultation, contact work and entrusting the other party to handle a certain matter between units and organs. Example: Letter from XX School on Negotiating the Transfer of Comrade XX; Letter from XX County People's Court on the entrustment of XX heritage dispute case.
The inquiry letter is used to ask or answer questions between units and organs. Example: Letter from the Science and Technology Committee of XX Province on Asking about the Implementation of the Scientific and Technological Work Conference of the whole province; Reply from the General Office of the State Council to the General Office of Hubei Provincial People's Government on issues such as hanging the national emblem.
3. Notification letter
Take the initiative to inform the other party of relevant information (such as questions, opinions and situations). For example, the letter from the Chinese Academy of Sciences on the supplementary achievements of faculty and staff.
Please approve this letter.
Please use the approval letter when applying for approval from the relevant authorities. The "competent department" here refers to the business competent unit that has no administrative subordinate relationship with the issuing authority, and the request for approval is limited to business matters. For example, the letter from XX Daily about applying for an advertising license.
(b) Writing of letters
1, title
The title of a letter generally consists of three parts: the issuing authority, the cause and the language. The issuing authority can generally omit it according to the specific circumstances. The language of sending a letter, whether it is a contact letter or a request for approval, can be written as "letter", but some people write the words "official letter". The reply should be marked with the word "reply" in all languages.
2. Main organs
Write down the full name or standardized abbreviation of the organ in capital letters, followed by a colon. The main sending authority for reply is the sending unit.
3. Text
The beginning of the letter should briefly describe the reason or purpose of sending the letter; The beginning of the reply should indicate the date, document number or title of the letter.
The main items of negotiation, inquiry, notification and approval shall be clearly stated in the letter sent by the subject; The reply should give a specific and clear answer to the content of the letter. No matter the subject matter of the letter or reply, it should be clear, centralized and single, so as to achieve one letter and one thing.
The ending letter usually ends with "this letter features" and "please reply"; Replies often end with "this reply" and "this reply". Postscript should be written according to the content and requirements.
Sign at the lower right of the signature text and affix the official seal. In addition to a letter, the text also requires appropriate language, mastering the language according to the content and writing direction, and conforming to the identity, so as to use more elegant language, which is not only enthusiastic, sincere, pragmatic and straightforward, but also conducive to doing things.
Section III Preparation of Reports and Notes
I. Preparation of the report
The report is suitable for reporting the work to the higher authorities, reflecting the situation, putting forward opinions or suggestions, and answering the inquiries of the higher authorities.
(1) Type of report
1, report
This is a report that directly reports the work and reflects the situation to the superior. According to the specific content and nature, it can be divided into comprehensive report and special report.
(1) A comprehensive report is a report to the superior on the overall work of the department or the comprehensive situation of several aspects of work within a period of time, which often has the characteristics of several things. Example: report on the implementation of the Ninth Five-Year Plan in XX City.
(2) Special report is a report to the superior on a certain job, a certain problem or an aspect, which often has the characteristics of reporting one thing at a time and reporting in time. Example: market arrangement report for New Year's Day and Spring Festival.
Step 2 Submit a report
This is to report the work to the superior, put forward opinions and suggestions, and request to forward the report implemented by the relevant departments or regions. For example, the report of the Ministry of Forestry on strengthening wildlife protection and management.
3. Responses to the report
This is a report used to answer inquiries from superiors or report the results of assigned matters. The reply report is often a reply to some important matters, and the general matters can be answered by letter. Example: The report of the Civil Affairs Bureau on supporting the army and giving preferential treatment to its dependents is a reply to the special activities carried out before the "August 1st Army Day".
(2) the writing method of the report
1, title
The title of a report usually consists of reasons and language.
2. Main organs
The main sending organ of the report shall be the superior organ directly under the issuing organ.
3. Text
The text consists of three parts: the reason, the content and the conclusion of the report. The reasons for reporting mainly explain the reasons and reasons for reporting or indicate the purpose and significance, which is the beginning of the text; The report items are the main contents of the text, such as the basic situation, measures and methods, achievements and problems or lessons learned, opinions and suggestions, plans and ideas. The end of the report depends on the category, and the reportable reports often end with the words "I hereby report" or "Please correct me if there is anything wrong with the above report". If it is forwarded, it will put forward the requirement that "if there is nothing wrong with the above report, please forward it to all localities and departments for implementation".
Step 4 sign
Sign and affix official seal at the bottom right of the text.
Second, the preparation of instructions.
Asking for instructions applies to asking for instructions and approval from superiors.
Type of request
1, request instructions
If you don't understand the relevant guidelines, policies, regulations and instructions; It is difficult to deal with major problems in the work or some new situations and problems according to the original regulations; There are differences of opinion on a certain work between parallel organs, which cannot be unified, and it is necessary to ask the same higher authority for instructions to make a ruling. These are all policy instructions from superiors. Example: Request for instructions on determining the administrative level of colleges and universities in XX.
Step 2 ask for approval
The subordinate organs involved in economy, organization, materials and personnel are unable to decide or solve it within their functions and powers; If the unit can't handle it flexibly according to the unified regulations for special reasons, these are all work instructions for approval from the superior. Example: Request for instructions on the funds needed for XX construction project.
(2) the writing method of asking for instructions
1, title
The title of asking for instructions usually consists of two parts: reason and language.
2. Main organs
It should be written directly by the superior organ of the issuing organ, and only one superior organ can be sent, and no multi-head instructions are allowed. When an organ under dual leadership asks for instructions from a higher authority, it shall specify the main sending organ and the cc organ, and the main sending organ shall be responsible for the reply. Ask for instructions step by step according to the subordinate relationship, and do not leapfrog. If it is necessary to leapfrog due to special circumstances, it should also be copied to the higher authorities.
3. Text
The body of a request generally consists of three parts: the reason of the request, the content of the request and the end of the request. The reasons for asking for instructions generally first explain the purpose and basis of the writing, emphasize the necessity of asking for instructions, and make necessary preparations for asking for suggestions; Asking for instructions is the core content of asking for instructions, and it is required to point out clearly and specifically that it is not only in line with policies and regulations, but also constructive and feasible; Generally, there are idioms such as "I hereby ask for instructions and hope to reply" and "Please approve the above instructions".
Step 4 sign
Sign and affix official seal at the bottom right of the text.
(3) Comparison between reporting and asking for instructions
Similarities: ① Both of them belong to the upper school style. (2) urge leading cadres at all levels to earnestly perform their duties and take full responsibility for the writing. The first page of the reported report and instructions should indicate the issuer. (3) In general, the title of the report and request may omit the issuing authority.
Differences: ① The nature and purpose of writing are different. The report is a declarative document, and its writing purpose is to report the work, reflect the situation, put forward opinions and suggestions, and answer questions, without the need for a reply from the higher authorities; Asking for instructions is a kind of petition document, whose purpose is asking for instructions or approval, and it needs the approval of the higher authorities. (2) The principle of the higher authorities is different. The higher authorities only give a reply when they think it is necessary, regardless of whether they agree or disagree. (3) Different lengths and capacities. Although the report also advocates one article and one thing, it is obvious that the comprehensive report is mostly a few things and has a long length; The request for instructions is strict and the length is relatively short. (4) The report can be written before, during and after the writing time is different; And the instructions must be written in advance.
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