Norwegian dramatist and poet henrik ibsen (1828- 1906) wrote Ibsen's A Doll's House. 1828 was born on March 20th, 2008 in a family of timber merchants in Sheehan Town, southern Norway. 1834, after his father went bankrupt, the whole family moved to Wen stapp village near the town. /kloc-at the age of 0/6, he became an apprentice to a pharmacy in Grimstadt town. In my spare time, I often read Shakespeare, Goethe and Byron, and then I write my own poems and learn Latin. Six years of hard apprenticeship honed his fighting spirit and cultivated his creative interest, which was an important stage in his life. 1850, Ibsen went to Kristiania (present-day Oslo) to take the entrance examination for medical universities, but he was not admitted because of his poor performance in Greek, mathematics and Latin. Encouraged by the torrent of bourgeois revolution sweeping across Europe, Ibsen made some friends with progressive ideological tendencies in the literary and art circles, actively wrote articles for the workers' association and other publications, participated in the workers' movement led by Norwegian socialist Malcus Tran, and published the satirical weekly Andrimana in cooperation with two friends. He also wrote a set of sonnets entitled "Wake up, Scandinavians in Slovakia", calling on Norway and Sweden to send troops to support Denmark and fight against the Prussian invaders. In his first historical drama, Katrina (1850), he turned over an old case and turned a "traitor" in Roman history into an outstanding figure fighting for civil liberties. The script not only embodies the revolution of 1848, but also shows his personal rebellious spirit. This play was published by a friend of his. 185 1 autumn, he wrote a prelude for Bergen theatre, which was praised by ole bull, the founder and famous violinist of the theatre. He was hired as a boarding playwright and director and agreed to write a new play every year. 1852, he was sent to Denmark and Germany to visit the theater. His plays in Bergen Theatre include A Midsummer Night (1853), Tomb of the Warriors (1854), Madame Inge of Esterro (1855) and Banquet of Solhaug (1856). During this period, Ibsen participated in no less than 145 scripts. His practical experience in drama creation can be compared with Shakespeare and Moliere.

From 65438 to 0857, Ibsen was transferred to the Capital Theatre as a director. Married susana torre Sen the following year. 1862, the theater closed down, and he had to borrow money to live, but he still worked tirelessly. In this theater, he successively wrote The Pirates of Hellgren (1858), Romantic Comedy (1862) and The Man Who Wants the Throne (1863). He felt sad that romantic comedies that advocated free love and opposed old-fashioned marriage were viciously attacked by social conservative forces. At the same time, the war between Denmark and Prussia in 1864 made him worry about the independent future of the whole peninsula. So he decided to travel abroad. This year, he left Norway for Italy; Living in a foreign land, suffering from malaria, and tired of his family, he was heavily in debt and his life was extremely embarrassing. With despair, he wrote a poetic drama brand (1866), which was his first creative achievement when he lived abroad. Later, he wrote Bill International (an old translation by Bill Gunter, 1867). Both of these plays show the theme of "personal spiritual rebellion". Through Brand, he condemned the ugly reality of capitalist society, denounced religious morality, and put forward his own moral ideal, angrily advocated spiritual extreme individualism, showing an uncompromising spirit: "Get everything or nothing."

1864 Ibsen lived in Rome, Dresden and Munich for 27 years. 1873, he wrote The Emperor and Galileans, in which he put forward the concept of "the third realm" to communicate emotion and spirit.

1874 and 1885, he went back to Norway twice for a short stay.

A doll's house (1879), and also translated Nora or puppet family.

The heroine Nora forged her father's signature to lend money to her husband Haier Mao for treatment. When the husband knew what had happened, he was afraid that his reputation would be affected and angered his wife for being dirty and shameless. When the creditor voluntarily returned the IOUs under the influence of Nora's girlfriend, Haier Mao smiled at his wife. Nora saw through her husband's selfishness and the inequality between husband and wife, unwilling to be her husband's doll, and ran away angrily.

Engels once pointed out that Nora was the representative of "Norwegian petty-bourgeois women" with free will and independent spirit. The script puts forward some problems in capitalist society, such as ethics, law and religion, women's liberation, etc., but they are not and cannot be solved. After the performance of A Doll's House, it caused a fierce response. Nora's resolute attitude of liberating her personality and not being a "good wife and mother" was criticized and accused by the upper class. However, in the face of criticism, Ibsen did not flinch. He continued to create problem dramas to expose social problems.

189 1 year, Ibsen returned to the motherland as a famous writer. His later works, The Architect (1892) and When We Wake Up After Death (1899), are autobiographical works. 1900 Chinese stroke. He died on1May 23, 906 after a long illness. The Norwegian parliament and people from all walks of life held a state funeral for him.

Scholars pointed out in Ibsen, the world drama master, "The western world is developing at a high speed, and time is like a rusty clock to China, rotting in stagnation! For example, "In the Yuan Dynasty, horns rang and executioners lined up to cross the street. A young woman who suffered unfair treatment was taken to the execution ground. Many kind people lamented the woman's tragic fate. Aunt Liu from the street pub told Guan Hanqing about the unfortunate experience and tragic life experience of Zhu Xiaolan, a female prisoner. Zhu Xiaolan's tragedy aroused Guan Hanqing's infinite sympathy for this weak woman and great indignation at the life of the official yamen (citing online information-citing Jiang Fang's blog). Guan Hanqing lived between 1240- 13 10, and Ibsen was an outstanding Norwegian playwright and poet, born in Fu Yi. He left Universal Library with 25 colorful plays and rich poems, letters and literary essays. ), but he lives between 1828 ~ 1906. His masterpiece A Doll's House can be as famous as Guan Hanqing's Dou Eyuan. In the intellectual structure of old China, not many people knew about life. Apart from the ancient Greek tragedy, they only know Dou Eyuan. Yi Shusheng wrote on the title page of his works that "writing is to sit down and judge yourself" is as profound as his script, and it is the epitome of an era. Living in the19th century, he is known as the "father of modern drama". This Nordic cultural giant, with socialized philosophical thoughts and rich outlook on life, reflected that specific era in Norway. "Nora" written by Yi ("Nora's Leaving") is the product of the influence of Marxism or socialist feminist movement, or at least reflects that women in that era demanded economic liberation, striving for education and legislative rights, and striving for equality with men. Undoubtedly, Yi Shusheng's works have the shadow of the feminist movement. If Yan Fu's liberalism based solely on British liberalism maintained the basic reliability of his theory, Hu Shi explained liberalism with the doctrine of easy servant. Because of the New Culture Movement, Hu Shi published a theoretical article about the literary revolution, and created a special issue of "easy to jump into life" in New Youth, advocating women's liberation and providing a sharp ideological weapon for that ideological liberation movement. I'm afraid the same was true of some socialists in China in the 1920s and 40s. Jia Yisheng once said: "Artists forge life with life and soul with soul. When he finished a work, he left a part of his life in the original and became a perceptual life. "Yes, the instinct in human bones determines the tendency to yield to the group. A writer's pen must go against the wishes of most people, not to echo others' opinions, but to highlight the individual's nature of fighting for freedom. Therefore, Yi deserves a "big question mark". Pagent is a classic of the famous Norwegian playwright I Fu Sheng. Norwegian composer Edward Hager Up Grieg (1843- 1907) used Norwegian folk music, and based on Yi Shusheng's poetic drama of the same name, he created the poetic drama "The First Suite of Per Gunter" and "The Second Suite of Per Gunter" with distinctive national colors. As Ibsen said to a German reader who couldn't understand his plays, "If you want to fully understand me, you must first understand Norway." His works in his later years are a portrayal of his life. Ibsen, how awesome! .