1, coronary angiography is generally local anesthesia, so prepare local skin in advance, of course, you can't eat in advance, and you should be treated with sedatives before. Then the nurse will push you to the cardiac catheterization room. After entering, the surgical site should be disinfected locally, and only the surgical site should be exposed. Take the femoral artery as an example. You usually choose the right femoral artery. After local anesthesia at the root of thigh, the surgical tip should make a small incision, about 3 mm, and then puncture the femoral artery. After successful puncture, take out the syringe and insert the guide wire into the puncture needle. The purpose of this guide wire is actually to insert into the arterial sheath. It's hard to get without a guidewire, and the arterial sheath is so thick.
2. In the future, according to the situation, insert different contrast catheters all the way to the coronary artery of the heart. In fact, all imaging catheters need to insert a guide wire before the imaging catheter can get there. Contrast where the catheter goes, such as the right coronary artery, then inject the contrast agent into the right coronary artery, and then with the help of X-ray digital subtraction angiography, you can see the right coronary artery on the TV screen.
3. If a single blood vessel is found to be more than 70% stenosis during angiography, we usually have a TV projection screen in the external room to talk to our family members, and it is recommended to implant stents. Of course, if the lesion is complex and the lesion area is diffuse, then we suggest that surgical coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) be performed in the future. If the family members agree, then we can implant the stent on the spot. Usually, we can dilate the local area with a balloon catheter before sending it into the stent. We can also directly put the balloon stent in and directly expand the balloon, so that the stent will be stretched.
4. Of course, there may be risks during the operation, such as heart rupture, coronary artery rupture, embolism and other serious problems. In addition, some non-coronary complications, such as vagal reflex, are the most common. Because of vascular stimulation, some people have poor vagus nerve function, and their blood pressure and heart rate may suddenly drop. Some patients do not appear on the spot, but only after being sent back to the ward after the operation, but the general vagal reflex doctor has enough experience to supplement normal saline.
5, local hematoma, sometimes ugly to eat, but generally the problem is not big. Another arteriovenous fistula was not caused by coronary angiography, but by radiofrequency catheter ablation of cardiac electrophysiology. Peripheral blood vessels puncture the arterial vein to form a fistula, which is then compressed under the guidance of ultrasound and naturally closed, so there will be no problem, otherwise the surgical solution will be troublesome.