Venue name: National Stadium (Bird's Nest)
Construction location: Olympic Park
Building area (10,000 square meters): 25.8, number of seats: 80,000 permanent seats , 11,000 temporary seats
Game functions: track and field, football
Post-game functions: international and domestic sports competitions and cultural and entertainment activities
Starting time: 2003.12.24
The stadium for the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
The "Bird's Nest" is the main stadium for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The giant stadium design, completed by the 2001 Pritzker Prize winners Herzog and de Meuron in collaboration with Chinese architect Li Xinggang, is shaped like a "nest" that breeds life. hope for the future. The designers did not do anything superfluous to the national stadium, but simply left the structure exposed, thus naturally forming the appearance of the building.
The design concept of the "Bird's Nest"
The National Stadium is located on a gentle slope in the central area of ??the Olympic Park. The venue is designed like a container. The undulating appearance of the highlands softens the volume of the building. It has a sense of volume and gives it a dramatic and shocking shape. The image of the National Stadium is perfect and pure. The appearance is the structure of the building, and the facade and structure achieve perfect unity. The components of the structure support each other to form a network like a bird's nest woven from tree branches. The spatial effect of the stadium is unprecedentedly original, yet simple and elegant. It has established a unique and historic landmark building for the 2008 Olympic Games. The stadium is like a huge container. Whether viewed from a distance or from a distance, it will leave a unique and everlasting image on people. It fully meets the functional and technical needs of the national stadium, and is different from other ordinary stadiums. The design method is based on the long-span structure and digital screen in the stadium building. The spatial effect of the stadium is not only unprecedentedly original, but also simple and elegant. From here, one can navigate the entire area, including the stairs leading to the stands. The stadium hall is an indoor urban space with restaurants and shops. It functions like a commercial arcade or square, attracting people to stay and forget to leave.
Basic information about the "Bird's Nest"
The stadium shell uses an air cushion membrane that can be used as a filler to make the roof completely waterproof. Sunlight can pass through the transparent roof to meet the requirements of the indoor lawn. growth needs. During the game, the stands can be changed in a variety of ways to meet the requirements of different audiences at different times. During the Olympics, 20,000 temporary seats are distributed at the top of the stadium, ensuring that everyone can clearly see to the entire arena. The entrance, exit and crowd flow are perfectly solved through the reasonable division and design of streamline areas.
The symbolic meaning of the "Bird's Nest"
Many people who have seen the design model of the "Bird's Nest" describe it this way: It is a stadium with a capacity of 100,000 people enclosed by a branch-like steel mesh. Woven into a cozy bird's nest! The "nest" used to nurture and protect life embodies mankind's hope for the future.
The components of the entire stadium structure support each other to form a grid-like structure. The appearance looks like a bird's nest made of branches. Its gray mineral-like steel mesh is covered with a transparent membrane material, which contains An earthy red bowl-shaped stadium stand. Here, the hollowing techniques, ceramic textures, brilliance and warmth of red in traditional Chinese culture are perfectly integrated with the most advanced modern steel structure design.
The entire building is connected through a giant mesh structure. There is no column inside. The stand is a complete bowl-shaped shape without any obstruction, like a huge container, giving the stadium incredible drama and unparalleled uniqueness. Shocking power. This uniform and continuous ring will also give spectators the best view, drive their excitement, and inspire athletes to sprint faster, higher, and stronger. Here, people are truly given a central position.
Experts’ evaluation of the “Bird’s Nest”
Guan Zhaoye, chairman of the review committee and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, commented that this building does not have any superfluous processing, and everything creates an image and architectural form based on its function. Naturally unified with structural details.
The jury and many other architectural experts believe that the "Bird's Nest" will not only establish a unique and historic landmark building for the 2008 Olympic Games, but will also have groundbreaking significance in the history of world architectural development. , will provide historical witness to the development of architecture in China and the world in the 21st century.
The "Bird's Nest" was rated as the "most powerful" project under construction in the world by The Times.
The resource-saving aspects of the "Bird's Nest"
It is not easy to design and build the "Bird's Nest", and it is even more difficult to make the "Bird's Nest" full of vitality and vitality in the days to come. According to reports, from the beginning of the design of the "Bird's Nest" and the process of deepening the design, the concepts of frugal hosting of the Olympics and sustainable development have been running through it. On the premise of meeting the functions of the Olympic Games, the balance of permanent facilities and temporary facilities has been fully considered.
According to the requirements, the "Bird's Nest" will have a total of 100,000 seats, of which 80,000 are permanent and the other 20,000 are temporarily added during the Olympics.
On this basis, the design combines the function of the "Bird's Nest" with the future positioning of the surrounding areas and even the mid- and long-term development plans of the entire city. According to the determined planning plan, the central area of ??the Olympic Park where the "Bird's Nest" is located will become a public activity center for citizens after the games, integrating sports competitions, conferences and exhibitions, culture and entertainment, business and leisure shopping. As the main stadium for the Beijing Olympic Games, the "Bird's Nest" will become one of Beijing's landmark buildings and will also become a tourist hotspot for a long time. At the same time, during the design and construction of the "Bird's Nest", great efforts have been made on the multi-functionality of the venue and space to improve the efficiency of venue utilization. In addition to being able to undertake openings, closings and sports competitions, it will also cater to fitness, business, exhibitions, Various demands such as performances have laid a solid foundation for the successful implementation of "post-Olympic development".
The National Stadium, the main stadium for the Beijing Olympics, will use solar photovoltaic power generation systems. Green Olympics, Science and Technology Olympics, and Humanistic Olympics are the three major themes of the Beijing Olympics. This time, Suntech's solar photovoltaic power generation system was settled in the "Bird's Nest", integrating clean and environmentally friendly solar power generation with the National Stadium. It is not only a reflection of the three major themes of the Beijing Olympics. It is an excellent embodiment and will play a positive role in promoting the use of green energy, effectively controlling and reducing air pollution in Beijing and surrounding areas, and promoting a green and environmentally friendly lifestyle. The solar photovoltaic power generation system technology is currently at the world's advanced level. The solar power generation system was independently developed by Wuxi Suntech Solar Power Co., Ltd. and provided exclusively to the National Stadium. It is installed on the 12 main channels of the National Stadium with a total investment of 10 million yuan. The total capacity is 130 kilowatts, which will be a good supplement to the power supply of the National Stadium.
The construction process of the Bird's Nest
The birth and construction of the National Stadium, vividly known as the "Bird's Nest", has gone through four years of ups and downs, during which it has gone through planning, selection and construction. There are many hot spots such as address, criticism, construction suspension, etc., but all of these will not affect this, currently the world's largest single steel structure project, becoming a landmark building in Beijing. On March 31, 2002, the National Stadium launched a global public solicitation for planning and design proposals. On July 2, 2002, 89 planning and design plans were received. In October 2002, the Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee released the pre-qualification and solicitation of expressions of interest documents for Olympic projects to the world. At the beginning of the following year, five qualified applicants for the National Stadium project were identified to enter the second stage of the project's legal person bidding. In April 2003, the "Bird's Nest" plan jointly designed by the Swiss Herzog & de Meuron design firm, Arup Engineering Consultants and the China Architectural Design Institute design consortium was finally selected. The "Bird's Nest" broke ground at 9:15 am on December 24, 2003. In July 2004, in order to further realize the "economical hosting of the Olympics", the "Bird's Nest" was temporarily suspended. On December 28, 2004, after careful design and re-evaluation by experts, the National Stadium project officially resumed work. Since then, the project has entered a period of rapid progress. The concrete structure of the internal stands was completed in October last year. On November 15, 2005, the National Stadium structure was capped ahead of schedule. The main task this year is to complete the external steel structure, and renovation works will begin in 2007. The entire project is expected to be completed by the end of 2007.
The ignition plan for the opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympic Games has been initially determined to integrate with the "Bird's Nest"
It was learned from the Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee that the ignition plan for the opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympic Games has been initially determined. It will be one with the "Bird's Nest".
Zhang Yimou, chief director of the opening and closing ceremonies of the Beijing Olympic Games, said that for an Olympic Games, a successful opening ceremony means half the success of the event. For an Olympic Games opening ceremony, a successful lighting ceremony means that the opening ceremony is half successful. Zhang Yimou revealed that the ignition plan for the opening ceremony has been initially determined. As a top secret, only 10 people currently know about the plan. It is reported that the design of the lighting ceremony was proposed by the creative team and needs to be submitted to superiors for approval step by step, all the way to the International Olympic Committee for approval.
Zhang Yimou said that the 2004 Athens Olympics well integrated modern technology into the opening ceremony. As for the 2008 Beijing Olympics, Zhang Yimou said that he would make full use of the artistic Bird's Nest Stadium, adapt to local conditions, and utilize the possibilities of the venue to integrate the opening and closing ceremonies of the Beijing Olympics with the Bird's Nest. The Bird's Nest Stadium is like the auspicious clouds on the torch, which is beautiful. This is a master-planned stadium and we can’t just do whatever we want like we did in the old stadium. We want to conceive based on the characteristics of the Bird's Nest, and what we want to achieve is "the unity of nature and man".
It is reported that the team working on the opening and closing ceremonies is divided into three parts, with 300 people. The preparations for the opening and closing ceremonies of the Beijing Olympic Games are all carried out at the Beijing Olympic Games Opening and Closing Ceremony Operation Center.
Everyone of the 91,000 spectators "watched" the game "equally"
The 340-meter-long and 300-meter-wide "Bird's Nest" has no columns, but a series of radiating portals. The "Bird's Nest" formed by steel trusses reflects humanistic care
Bowl-shaped seats. These seats surround the folded structure of the arena, and are staggered between the upper and lower floors. No matter where the audience sits, the sight distance to the center of the arena is about 140 meters.
The sound-absorbing film material used in the lower membrane of the "Bird's Nest", the sound-absorbing material set on the steel structure components, and the electroacoustic amplification system used in the venue. These three layers of "special devices" make the "Bird's Nest" The speech intelligibility index in "The Nest" reaches 0.6 - this number ensures that viewers sitting in any position can clearly hear the broadcast.
The designers of the "Bird's Nest" also used fluid mechanics design to simulate the natural ventilation conditions of 91,000 people watching the game at the same time, so that all spectators can enjoy the same natural light and natural ventilation.
In the auditorium of the "Bird's Nest", there are more than 200 wheelchair seats for people with disabilities. These wheelchair seats are slightly higher than ordinary seats to ensure that disabled people have the same field of vision as ordinary spectators. During the game, hearing aids will be provided and a wireless broadcast system will be set up in the venue to provide personalized services for people with hearing and visual impairments.
Small details show humanistic care
It is reported that the length of the athletes' tunnel, the wardrobe of the athletes' lounge, the ratio of men to women in the audience toilet pits, the distribution of water diversion points in the media studio, etc. Other issues have also become research topics for relevant departments.
"Whether it is design, construction or interior decoration, our starting point is people-oriented, based on the feelings of athletes, the senses of the audience, and the requirements of reporters." This is the design of all "Bird's Nest" A goal for builders and builders.
Exterior design is people-oriented
In addition to the above facilities in the "Bird's Nest", even the exterior design of the "Bird's Nest" fully reflects the people-oriented idea. The reason why the "Bird's Nest" is a not completely enclosed "Bird's Nest" is that this design can not only allow natural air circulation, but also protect the spectators and athletes from wind and rain. (Fan Fan)
The perfect embodiment of membrane structure - Water Cube
Membrane structure building is the most representative new architectural form in the 21st century. It has become a long-span One of the main forms of space architecture. It integrates architecture, structural mechanics, fine chemicals, materials science and computer technology to create an iconic spatial structure form. It not only reflects the power and beauty of the structure, but also fully expresses the architect's vision and enjoys the great outdoors. Natural romantic space. In the architectural design of the 2008 Olympic Games, the application of membrane structures was perfectly reflected.
The "Water Cube" is the largest membrane structure project in the world. Except for the ground, the entire exterior adopts membrane structures - ——ETFE material, the blue surface is unexpectedly soft but very substantial. Tan Xiaochun, general manager of the National Stadium Project Contracting, revealed that the lifespan of this material is more than 20 years, but it will actually be longer than this. People can walk on it and it feels great. Currently, there are only three companies in the world that can complete this membrane structure.
“Considering the energy-saving standards of the venue, the membrane structure has a strong heat insulation function; in addition, it is very convenient to repair this structure. For example, after a gun or sharp object is poked into it, the monitoring computer It will show up automatically. If a hole is broken, just stick it with a sticker; the membrane structure is also very light and has good self-cleaning properties. Dust will not stick to it easily and can be absorbed by rainwater. "Drainage." Tan Xiaochun said that the membrane structure itself has the functions of drainage and sewage discharge, as well as dehumidification and anti-fog functions, especially the anti-condensation function, which is especially important for swimming.
As a building that imitates water, the complex and free structural form of the Water Cube is derived from the ingenious and simple variation of the planning system. The simple and pure shape modestly dialogues with the grand home ground, and the contrast of different temperaments makes it Their respective spiritualities are brought to life in an interesting way. Coconut trees, beaches, artificial waves... sublime the Olympic arena into an eternal water park in the minds of the world.
The Olympic "Bird's Nest" witnesses China's great ambition
The "Bird's Nest", a great architectural work known as the "fourth generation stadium", witnesses not only the progress of mankind in the 21st century The unremitting pursuit in the fields of architecture and human settlements also witnesses the historical process of China, an ancient oriental civilization, continuing to open up.
On October 25, 2002, authorized by the Beijing Municipal People’s Government and the Organizing Committee of the 29th Olympic Games, the Beijing Municipal Planning Commission launched a global solicitation for the construction of the China National Stadium, the main stadium of the 2008 Olympic Games. Concept design plan.
The National Stadium is the first Beijing Olympic venue facility to enter the architectural design process. According to the Beijing Municipal Planning Commission, the national stadium architectural concept design competition is divided into two stages: the first stage is prequalification; the second stage is the formal competition.
As of November 20, 2002, the competition office *** had received valid pre-qualification documents from 44 well-known design units. After strict pre-qualification, 14 design units were finally determined to enter the formal competition. They are from China, the United States, France, Italy, Germany, Australia, Japan, Canada, Switzerland, Mexico and other countries and regions.
The Olympic Games not only attract the world's greatest athletes to create the best results, but also attract the world's greatest architects to create the greatest works, including the world's highest architectural design award-"Puli" Many of the world's most powerful design teams and most talented designers, including the winners of the Cicker Prize, participated in this competition. On March 18, 2003, 13 well-known architectural design companies and design consortiums from around the world with rich experience that finally participated in the competition sent their magnificent ideas for the China National Stadium to Beijing. Among the 13 design plans, there are 2 domestic plans, 8 overseas plans, and 3 Sino-foreign cooperation plans.
In the subsequent program review, a review committee composed of 13 authoritative figures including Guan Zhaoye, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and Koolhaas, a Dutch architect, conducted strict reviews, repeated comparisons, and careful screening of the entries. After two A round of secret voting selected three outstanding plans, namely the "Bird's Nest" plan designed by a consortium of the Swiss Herzog & de Meuron design company and the China Architectural Design and Research Institute; The "Floating Opening Roof" plan independently designed by the institute, and the "Sky Stadium" plan jointly designed by Sato Planning Co., Ltd. of Japan and the Architectural Design and Research Institute of Tsinghua University in China.
On this basis, the review committee overwhelmingly voted to recommend the "Bird's Nest" plan as the key implementation plan. When discussing the "Bird's Nest" plan, *** voted 8 in favor, 2 against, 2 abstained, and 1 vote was invalidated. In international architectural competitions, it is rare for a project to gain so much public knowledge.
In order to solicit public opinions, the competition organizer put all 13 design plans on public display at the Beijing International Convention Center. The exhibition lasted for 6 days and more than 6,000 votes were collected from the audience. Among them, the "Bird's Nest" plan, which was highly recommended by Chinese and foreign judges, received 3,506 votes, the "Floating Opening Roof" received 3,472 votes, and the "Sky Stadium" received 3,454 votes, ranking the top three. "Bird's Nest" ranked first, showing a considerable degree of recognition from the audience and judges.
After careful study by the decision-making department, the "Bird's Nest" was finally determined to be the final implementation plan for the China National Stadium, the main stadium for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
Meet the needs of the Olympic Games and pay attention to "post-Olympic development"
-Not only must build historical buildings, but also embody the concept of frugally hosting the Olympics, laying the foundation for the implementation of "post-Olympic development" Basics
Many people who have seen the "Bird's Nest" design model describe it this way: It is a warm Bird's Nest made of a stadium with a capacity of 100,000 people woven out of branch-like steel mesh! The "nest" used to nurture and protect life embodies mankind's hope for the future.
Indeed, the components of the entire stadium structure support each other to form a grid-like structure, which looks like a bird's nest made of branches. Its gray mineral-like steel mesh is covered with a transparent membrane material. Contains an earthy red bowl-shaped stadium stand. Here, the hollowing techniques, ceramic textures, brilliance and warmth of red in traditional Chinese culture are perfectly integrated with the most advanced modern steel structure design.
What is amazing is that the entire building is connected through a giant mesh structure. There is not a single column inside. The stand is a complete bowl-shaped shape without any obstruction, like a huge container, giving the stadium a unique atmosphere. Incredibly dramatic and unparalleled shock. This uniform and continuous ring will also give spectators the best view, drive their excitement, and inspire athletes to sprint faster, higher, and stronger. Here, people are truly given a central position.
What is even more ingenious is that the "Bird's Nest" slightly raises the outdoor terrain of the entire stadium and places many ancillary facilities below the terrain. This avoids the huge investment in digging earth and the uplift. The slope gently descends at the edge of the outdoor square, and 2,000 open-air seats are built into the warm-up venue according to the trend, which organically integrates with the surrounding environment and once again saves investment.
Guan Zhaoye, chairman of the evaluation committee and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, commented that this building does not have any superfluous processing, everything creates an image due to its function, and the architectural form and structural details are naturally unified.
The jury and many other architectural experts believe that the "Bird's Nest" will not only establish a unique and historic landmark building for the 2008 Olympic Games, but will also have groundbreaking significance in the history of world architectural development. , will provide historical witness to the development of architecture in China and the world in the 21st century.
It is not easy to design and build the "Bird's Nest", and it is even more difficult to make the "Bird's Nest" full of vitality and vitality in the days to come. According to reports, from the beginning of the design of the "Bird's Nest" and the process of deepening the design, the concepts of frugal hosting of the Olympics and sustainable development have been running through it. On the premise of meeting the functions of the Olympic Games, the balance of permanent facilities and temporary facilities has been fully considered. According to the requirements, the "Bird's Nest" will have a total of 100,000 seats, of which 80,000 are permanent and the other 20,000 are temporarily added during the Olympics.
On this basis, the design combines the function of the "Bird's Nest" with the future positioning of the surrounding areas and even the mid- and long-term development plans of the entire city. According to the determined planning plan, the central area of ??the Olympic Park where the "Bird's Nest" is located will become a public activity center for citizens after the games, integrating sports competitions, conferences and exhibitions, culture and entertainment, business and leisure shopping. As the main stadium for the Beijing Olympic Games, the "Bird's Nest" will become one of Beijing's landmark buildings and will also become a tourist hotspot for a long time. At the same time, during the design and construction of the "Bird's Nest", great efforts have been made on the multi-functionality of the venue and space to improve the efficiency of venue utilization. In addition to being able to undertake openings, closings and sports competitions, it will also cater to fitness, business, exhibitions, Various demands such as performances have laid a solid foundation for the successful implementation of "post-Olympic development".
Accelerate institutional and mechanism innovation in exploration
——Use government guidance and market-oriented operation model to promote the Olympic "Bird's Nest" to hatch industrial "golden eggs"
< p>As a social welfare project, in the past, the construction of sports venues was generally invested by the government and operated by the competent authorities. If losses occurred, they were subsidized by the finance. As a result, many sports facilities often become a “burden” that cannot be shaken off by government financial subsidies for a long time after they are built.Beijing is determined to "change its mind." Faced with the construction of the largest sports stadium in history, Beijing has adopted a market economy way of thinking and based on learning from advanced foreign experience, accelerated institutional innovation and mechanism innovation, and actively explored "government-guided, market-oriented operation" of Olympic project construction and Operational operating model.
According to the plan, the venues and supporting facilities projects under the responsibility of Beijing City will use market mechanisms for financing and construction, and the project legal person will be determined through public bidding, and the project legal person will be responsible for the financing, design, construction and construction of the project. operations. In the words of a professional from the Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee, “the Olympic ‘Bird’s Nest’ will hatch industrial ‘golden eggs’”.
The first thing to be built is of course the main stadium that will hold the opening and closing ceremonies of the Olympic Games in 2008 and can accommodate 100,000 spectators. Based on in-depth research, careful analysis, and scientific calculations, Beijing divided its construction investment method into two parts: the Beijing Municipal Government invested 58% and authorized Beijing State-owned Assets Management Co., Ltd. as the investment representative; the other investment part was through global Bidding will be funded by the project legal partner who ultimately wins the bid.
Taking into account the large investment amount and high post-game operating costs of the National Stadium, in order to attract investors, Beijing has offered quite favorable conditions. In addition to the 58% investment by state-owned companies on behalf of the government, in the land transfer Quite preferential policies have also been given in terms of construction, demolition, etc.
On October 28, 2002, Beijing publicly sold Olympic project pre-qualification and intention solicitation documents to the world, marking the official launch of the national stadium project legal person bidding work; from January to February 2003, a team of Chinese and foreign experts The evaluation committee of the bidder evaluated the bidding qualifications, construction plan ideas, financing plan ideas, operation plan intentions, etc. of the bidders, and determined 5 bid finalists; in July 2003, after reviewing the optimized design, construction, and construction plans submitted by the bidders, After a comprehensive review in terms of financing, operations, and handover, two winning bidders were recommended; subsequently, after negotiation and approval by relevant departments, the winning bidder of the project legal person partner was finally determined.
On the morning of August 9, 2003, the signing ceremony for the legal partner of the National Stadium project was held. The consortium represented by China CITIC Group Corporation finally became the winning bidder for the legal partner of the National Stadium project. Members of this consortium include Beijing Urban Construction Group Co., Ltd., Golden State Holdings Group Co., Ltd. and Guoan Yueqiang Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of CITIC Group Corporation. The winning consortium and the Beijing State-owned Assets Corporation jointly established a project company. The project company will obtain the right to operate the National Stadium for 30 years after the 2008 Olympic Games. The state-owned company will not participate in dividends for 30 years and will take back the intact stadium after the operation period expires. According to information provided by the Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee, as of now, the legal person bidding for the main venues and related facilities of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games has been successfully concluded. The national stadium and other 6 projects have completed the project legal person bidding, with a total investment of approximately 20.5 billion yuan, of which 85%, or 17.4 billion yuan, of the funds were raised through project legal person bidding and using market mechanisms.
Let us look forward to: In the summer of 2008, in the "Bird's Nest", the majestic National Stadium of China, the whole world will dance with the Chinese Communist Party!
Fuwa information: Fuwa is the mascot of the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008. Its colors and inspiration come from the five Olympic rings, China's vast mountains, rivers, lakes and seas, and people's favorite animal images. Fuwa conveys friendship, peace, a proactive spirit and the good wishes of harmonious coexistence between man and nature to children around the world.
The Fuwa are five cute and close friends. Their shapes incorporate the images of fish, giant pandas, Tibetan antelopes, swallows and the Olympic flame.
Each doll has a catchy name: "Beibei", "Jingjing", "Huanhuan", "Yingying" and "Nini". In China, the names have overlapping sounds. It is a traditional way to express your love for your children. When you put the names of the five dolls together, you will read "Beijing welcomes you" as Beijing's warm invitation to the world.
Fuwa represents the dreams and aspirations of the Chinese people.
Their prototypes and headdresses contain their connection with the ocean, forest, fire, earth and sky. Their image design applies the expression method of traditional Chinese art to show the splendid culture of China.
Bringing blessings to every corner of the world
For a long time, China has had a tradition of conveying blessings through symbols. Each doll of the Beijing Olympic Games mascot represents a good wish: prosperity, joy, passion, health and good luck. The dolls bring Beijing's hospitality and blessings to all corners of the world, inviting people from all over the world to gather in Beijing to celebrate the 2008 Olympic Games.
The blessing conveyed by Beibei is prosperity. In traditional Chinese culture and art, the patterns of "fish" and "water" are symbols of prosperity and harvest. People use "carp jumping over the dragon gate" to imply success in career and the realization of dreams. "Fish" also means good luck and good fortune every year. The implication.
Beibei’s head decoration uses fish patterns from the Chinese Neolithic Age. Beibei is gentle and pure, a master of water sports, and complements the blue ring among the five Olympic rings.
Jingjing is a naive giant panda who brings joy to people wherever she goes. As China's national treasure, giant pandas are deeply loved by people around the world.
Jingjing comes from the vast forest, symbolizing the harmonious existence of man and nature. The decoration on his head is derived from the lotus petal shape found on Song porcelain. Jingjing is honest, optimistic and full of strength, representing the black link among the five Olympic rings.
Huanhuan is the eldest brother among the Fuwa. He is a fire doll, symbolizing the Olympic flame. Huanhuan is the embodiment of sports passion. He spreads passion around the world and conveys the Olympic spirit of faster, higher and stronger. Everywhere Huanhuan goes, Beijing 2008’s enthusiasm for the world is overflowing.
Huanhuan's head decoration is derived from the flame pattern in Dunhuang murals. He has an outgoing and unrestrained personality, is familiar with various ball games, and represents the red link among the five Olympic rings.
Yingying is a Tibetan antelope who is agile, agile and galloping as fast as flying. He comes from the vast western land of China and spreads the good wishes of health to the world. Yingying is the Tibetan antelope, a unique protected animal on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and a manifestation of the Green Olympics.
The head decoration of Yingying incorporates the decorative styles of western regions such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Xinjiang. He is agile and a good athlete in track and field, representing the yellow link among the five Olympic rings.
Nini comes from the sky and is a flying swallow. Its creative shape comes from the traditional sand swallow kite in Beijing. "Yan" also represents Yanjing (the name of ancient Beijing). Nini brings spring and joy to people, spreading good wishes of "good luck to you" wherever she flies.
The innocent, cheerful and agile Nini will make a shining debut in the gymnastics competition. She represents the green one of the five Olympic rings.
The latest progress of the project
On January 28, 2008, all 80,000 permanent seats in the National Stadium "Bird's Nest" were installed. At the same time, the installation and commissioning project of the "Bird's Nest" is nearing completion.
According to the person in charge of the seat department, the fixed seats of the "Bird's Nest" have six major highlights: first, its appearance adopts drop-shaped dynamic and smooth lines; second, all edges and corners of the seats are rounded. Corner transition, and the surface uses a matte design with light leather texture; third, the seat is made of modified polypropylene raw material and is made through a hollow blow molding production process, and has very high bending strength and impact resistance; fourth, the seat The chair conforms to ergonomic principles and avoids spectators' fatigue caused by watching the game for a long time; fifth, the seat will not change color or become hard or brittle after being exposed to wind and sun for three years outdoors; third Sixth, discarded seats can also be recycled and reused without causing pollution to the environment.
In addition, on the evening of the 28th, the steel structure lighting of the "Bird's Nest" was "lit up" for the first time. According to reports, the cost of building the "Bird's Nest" is controlled within 3.5 billion yuan.
In response to some foreign media reports of an accident that killed 10 people at the "Bird's Nest" construction site, Ding Zhenkuan, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Work Safety Supervision Bureau, recently explained that during the construction of the "Bird's Nest", in 2006 and An accident occurred in each case in 2007, and two people died. The families of the deceased have been properly accommodated, and the relevant responsible persons have been dealt with.