Authors: Qiu, Jiangxi Huichang Experimental School

IssueNo.: 33 1 Reading Number: 52 Comments (0) Cloze is one of the most common questions in English test. This is a very comprehensive problem. Cloze test not only examines the examinee's mastery of language knowledge, but also examines the ability to understand short passages. Therefore, it can be said that cloze can comprehensively examine students' understanding ability and English knowledge application ability. Students can understand the propositional characteristics and problem-solving skills of cloze from the following aspects.

First, analyze the characteristics of cloze proposition

1. The propositional characteristics of cloze

The focus of the examination includes the use of grammar, sentence patterns and idioms, the understanding of vocabulary, sentences and articles, and the grasp of the author's intention. The answers to most cloze questions must be selected according to the context, especially the anaphora relationship between words, and with the help of common sense and thinking logic. Few answers can only be determined at the single sentence level.

2. The choice of cloze theme

Cloze is generally short, mostly short articles of 200 to 300 words, but the genre is diverse, such as stories, biographies, anecdotes, popular science, ethics or cultural customs. In particular, stories and biographies cover many fields, such as culture, sports, history, science and so on. The selected article emphasizes the integration of reality and students' real life, integrates knowledge and interest, and pays attention to cultivating students' moral sentiments.

3. The trend of cloze proposition

Cloze is mainly content words, accounting for about 70%, fixed collocation and idiom questions account for about 10%, supplemented by function words. Generally speaking, there are no more than three function words in cloze. The examination of logical reasoning and comprehensive analysis of context also accounts for a considerable proportion, while there are fewer topics that simply examine grammar or sentence structure.

The direction of cloze: follow the idea of highlighting discourse, emphasizing application and paying attention to reality. The characteristics of the test questions are quite distinct. This paper examines the mastery of vocabulary knowledge on the basis of reading comprehension and tests the ability of candidates to use language knowledge flexibly in discourse. Cloze selection pays attention to novelty and fashion, integrates knowledge, culture and education, and is closer to the life of middle school students.

Second, cloze proposition skill analysis

1. Steps to solve "selective" cloze.

(1) Read the full text to get the gist. To do cloze, you should read through the passage first, grasp the main idea of the article, and not fill it sentence by sentence. This is because some options can make a sentence stand by and fill in a single sentence, but they don't conform to the main idea of the article. Understanding is the key to cloze. Generally speaking, most of the options are to examine the understanding of the article, asking for answers that are consistent with the meaning of the article and grammatically correct. Pay special attention to the first sentence of the article and the first sentence of the paragraph when reading through, which can help us infer the general idea and theme of the short passage.

(2) Try to fill in one by one, and give consideration to both before and after. After mastering the general idea of the article, you can choose the answers that meet the meaning of the article one by one according to the semantic connection of the context. There are fewer and fewer cloze questions to examine grammar. In addition, some fixed collocations and idioms should be considered when doing the questions. Some questions can find the answer to one of the above questions from the following.

(3) Read carefully and analyze and consider every time. Sentence-by-sentence reading, topic-by-topic analysis, there are a few gaps in word meaning analysis, fixed collocation analysis, grammatical structure analysis, reasoning analysis and many other aspects that need careful analysis. And choose the correct answer through multi-angle consideration. According to the knowledge of morphology, syntax, idioms and common sense, the exclusion method is adopted. If an option doesn't make sense in one of the above aspects, it certainly won't be the right option.

(4) Verify the answers and review them carefully. After all the answers are selected, you should read the full text again to verify and adjust the selected answers. After the second step of sentence-by-sentence scrutiny, you will have a deeper understanding of the content of the essay, and some problems that are difficult or easily misunderstood in the primary election will be easily judged at this time, so that they can be better solved.

2. Technical decomposition of "selective" cloze

(1) Use the first sentence, the last sentence or the first paragraph to maximize information.

Read the whole article first and catch the first sentence. The first paragraph of an article often shows the background knowledge or theme of the article. When understanding the general idea, we should grasp the lexical meaning of basic expressions such as when, where, who and why, and first form an overall impression on the essay. At the end of the article, the theme of the whole article, that is, the soul of the article, often appears, sometimes "in a word". Don't be afraid of new words when answering questions. You can infer and guess its meaning according to the context or the knowledge of word formation. Such as: (20 10 Beijing. Keep the original serial number, the same below. )

It was yearbook day, and we had an hour to sign each other's names in the cafeteria. I am the monitor, and I take part in sports. When I sat down at a table, people started.

Come and sign their yearbook, sign 36.

36. My B. His

C. Our D. Their

The main idea of this article

When writing the graduation yearbook, I exchanged graduation messages with a classmate who was often laughed at as the monitor, which deeply touched that classmate. Later, many students signed his signature page. Although "I" have never seen that classmate again, whenever "I" feel depressed, I will go through the graduation yearbook.

Answer method

Question 36 comes from the first sentence of the article. It was yearbook day ... in the cafe. It can be seen that some students came to ask me to sign my graduation yearbook, and some wanted to sign my graduation yearbook, so they chose A.

(2) Use the context to find the "breakthrough point" to solve the problem.

By contacting the context, combining questions and options, make full use of what you have learned to determine the answer. Such as: (20 10 Guangdong)

One day, a rich woman lost her wallet, which contained a lot of money. So she made a 46, "If someone finds my wallet and gives it to me, I will give him half the money."

46. A. Face B. Error

C. Commitment D. Talk

47.a is shown by B.

C.d. point. return

The main idea of this article

A stingy lady didn't want to keep her promise after a poor man returned her lost wallet. Later, it went to the judge, who taught the lady a lesson in a clever way.

Answer method

Question 46 should be combined with the following sentence: "If someone finds my pursuit ... I will give him half the money." We know that she has made a promise, so she chooses C. Since I will give him half of the money, we can see that her condition is "if someone returns my wallet", so I choose D.

(3) Use vocabulary or grammar knowledge to solve problems.

When the four options are all different forms of the same verb, we should consider what tense, voice or non-predicate verb form is needed in the blank space. If the options are the same part of speech, we should consider whether to examine the fixed structure. Such as: (20 10 Tianjin)

Many students have hobbies, such as reading, painting, growing vegetables in the garden and looking after animals. Some hobbies are relaxing and 46 are creative. Hobbies can develop your interests and help you learn new skills.

David smith is a student, and his hobby is writing. In the summer of 2000, he spent four weeks in the summer camp. ...

46. Others B. Others

C. The other one

47. During ...

C. for d.on.

The main idea of this article

Good habits can benefit people for life, but life is made up of many interesting things, so we shouldn't spend all our time on our hobbies.

Answer method

From the first half of the sentence, some hobbies are relaxation. Combined with the analysis of sentence structure, we can see that some … other … structures are used here, which means "some …, other …", so B is chosen. Question 47 examines the usage of prepositions. This refers to "the summer of 2000". Distinguish four prepositions. During means "period", so the answer is A.

(4) Use background knowledge or social common sense to solve problems.

Many cloze descriptions are related to daily life, and some of them are common sense in our minds. When you are not sure about the language content, you can make full use of social knowledge and popular science knowledge to help you answer questions. If necessary, we can understand the article as a whole by "skipping" and "guessing while reading". Such as: (20 10 Lanzhou)

The 20 10 Winter Olympic Games will be held in Vancouver and Whistler from February 6 to 28, 20/KLOC-0. Because 4 1 athletes from all over the world will compete there. Canada is preparing for this.

It will be broadcast on two TV stations in Canada.

42 languages English and French ...

41.a. worst B. best

C. the highest

42. A. Special B. Unusual

C. Officials D. Ordinary

The main idea of this article

20 10 Winter Olympic Games was held in Vancouver and Whistler, Canada from February 12 to February 28th. Athletes from 80 countries competed for 86 medals.

Answer method

Question 4 1 According to common sense, it is known that the best players in the world will compete here, so B is chosen. Question 42 shows that the live broadcast of the Winter Olympics uses the "official language" and uses the official language, so C is chosen.

(5) Straighten out the relationship between sentences and make logical reasoning.

The four options in some cloze questions are sometimes reasonable from the perspectives of lexical collocation, grammar and single sentence, but because the article is a complete unity, there is an inherent logical relationship between words, sentences and paragraphs. At this point, we need to find relevant hints or hints in the context, and make logical reasoning and judgment on the plot of the article. Such as: (20 10 Wuhu, Anhui)

Her husband didn't stop her. She opened the box and looked inside. To her surprise, she found nothing in the box. She tried to turn it off, but she was 57.

That night, the old man came home and found that the box was 58.

57. B. refused

C. failed D. successful

58. A. Lost B. Open

C. empty D. broken

The main idea of this article

This is the story of a couple who were fired without the permission of the old man, telling us the importance of trust in life.

Answer method

Question 57 must straighten out the relationship between sentences. According to the word but and the following "the old man found the box open", the wife failed to close the box, so she chose C. According to the above, the box should be open, so she chose B.