Chen Shutong inherited his family studies from childhood and made great achievements in ancient poetry and prose. 26-year-old (1902), a scholar in the following year, was awarded editing by the Hanlin Academy. From 65438 to 0904, Chen Shutong traveled to Japan and studied at Hosei University, hoping to learn from the experience of Meiji Restoration and seek good strategies for saving the country. 1906 graduated and returned to China. One year later, he was appointed as the office of the Constitutional Investigation Bureau, and 19 10 was appointed as an elected member of the senior advisory committee of the Qing government. He is keen on social reform and advocates women's liberation. One of the founders of Hangzhou Girls' School and famous private Anding Middle School, and the founder of Hangzhou Vernacular Newspaper, has compiled and published two books, Political Science and General Theory of Law.
19 1 1 1911 Revolution, the Republic of China was founded.
Revolution of 1911, the Republic of China was founded. Chen Shutong was elected as the first member of parliament by Zhejiang Province. He also served as the manager of Beijing Daily, hoping to make some contributions to national affairs. However, Yuan Shikai seized the fruits of the revolution, dissolved the parliament and plotted to restore the monarchy. My uncle took part in the anti-Yuan struggle initiated by Liang Qichao and Cai E and resigned as the manager of Beijing Daily. 1965438+In August 2005, at the invitation of Zhang Jusheng (), he left Beijing to work in the Commercial Press, and at the same time established a contact point against Yuan in Shanghai.
On February 25th, 65438, Cai E fought for Yuan in Yunnan uprising, and Liang Qichao went to Guangdong and Guangxi to instigate it. At first, most military and political officials in southwest provinces took a wait-and-see attitude, and the progress of protecting the national army was not very smooth. Feng, the governor of Jiangsu at that time, was a key figure, and his secretary-general Hu had a deep friendship with his uncle. Through Hu's relationship, the old uncle borrowed Feng's "Huami" telegraph book, electrified the southwestern provinces and launched an anti-Yuan movement. After receiving the "Huami" telegram, important people in various provinces thought that Feng had acted as an insider and responded in succession, declaring independence, and the movement to protect the country flourished everywhere. Yuan Shikai was forced to declare the abolition of the monarchy in March 19 16, and died of anxiety in June.
The Commercial Press was the largest publishing organization in China at that time, with three editing, printing and distribution offices and branches in major domestic cities, Hongkong and Singapore, forming a huge sales network. After entering the museum, my uncle found that the three institutes were fragmented and lacked coordination. Therefore, it is suggested that the General Affairs Department be established above the three institutes as the highest administrative decision-making body in the museum for unified leadership. The board of directors adopted the proposal and asked him to be a director. During his tenure, he gradually established and improved the scientific management system. The Commercial Press is in the leading position in the same industry in China in terms of speed, quality and sales service, and has made great contributions to the development of China's cultural and educational undertakings.
Later, at the invitation of Ye Chuchu, chairman of Zhejiang Industrial Bank, Chen Shutong served as the resident managing director of the bank. His work is serious and rigorous, and he has a good reputation in the society.
Chen Shutong 19 15 is engaged in industry and commerce and finance, resolutely refuses to associate with bureaucratic politicians, and refuses all invitations from Beiyang warlords and the Kuomintang government. When he was swimming in Diaoyutai, Yan Ziling, he wrote a poem, "Like osawa's wool with a phoenix, climbing a dragon is humiliated." Just because he didn't want to be attached to the phoenix and climb the dragon, he named his apartment "Do something for fasting". But he always remembers the safety of the country and the sufferings of the people.
In that era when warlords were fighting and wars were raging, he was worried about the times and the way to save the country and the people and correct the current situation. He likes plum blossom very much in his daily life, and praises plum blossom as "the highest character, cold resistance and backbone". He collected hundreds of famous plum paintings and named his study "Baimei Bookstore" to show his integrity.
"September 18th Incident"
The September 18th Incident happened, and the Japanese invaders occupied three northeastern provinces. When the Sino-Japanese War broke out, Chen Shutong took an active part in fund-raising activities. 1937 During the July 7th Incident, the Japanese invaders launched a full-scale war of aggression against China. This year, my uncle was 6 1 year old. He wrote in his poem: "The sky is full of soldiers, and it is dangerous to be full of bone dust." In his later years, he suffered from broken mountains and rivers, and his mood was extremely miserable. He earnestly hopes that the country will cooperate with * * * to resist the strong enemy. In response to the refusal of the main authorities of the Kuomintang to give up the anti-* * policy and repeatedly delay the fighter plane, in the poem "A trip to Lugouqiao", he issued an angry condemnation that "one mistake is just a mistake, and everything else is wrong".
At that time, the environment in Shanghai was very sinister, and Chen Shutong refused to be a puppet official despite repeated threats from the enemy and puppet troops. In a poem written to a friend, he said that he would "cherish each other until the evening festival."
The Japanese invaders surrendered unconditionally.
1August, 945, the Japanese surrendered unconditionally, and Chen Shutong was ecstatic. However, he hated the long-term corruption, incompetence and dictatorship of the Kuomintang government, and he was ecstatic and deeply worried about the future of the country. At that time, he was asked to be an official. He wrote back and said, "My brother is under the rule of the party, and he can do anything without swearing."
After long-term observation and thinking, Chen Shutong has always realized that only the * * * production party in China is the light and hope of the Chinese nation. Just like the Kuomintang authorities deliberately provoked a serious moment of all-out civil war regardless of the people's long-term war pain and their strong desire for peace and stability. Unwilling to "endure the robbery of the country", Chen Shutong finally stood up in an ancient era, responded to the call of China's * * * production party and devoted himself to the torrent of anti-civil war, peace, dictatorship and democracy.
Chen Shutong participated in the preparatory work of the Shanghai Federation of People's Organizations from all walks of life, actively participated in the patriotic and democratic movement, and often expressed incisive opinions at relevant meetings, which attracted the attention of all parties.
1947 — 1949
1947 In May, Shanghai students held a propaganda demonstration against the civil war, and the Kuomintang Shanghai garrison headquarters arrested a large number of students. Chen Shutong immediately joined forces with Zhang Jusheng, Tang, Li Bake, Ye Yuchu, Zhang Guogan, Hu Zaoqing, Xiang Lansheng, Qian, Chen Zhongshu and other old people to write to (Shanghai Mayor) and announce (Shanghai Police Commander) to demand the immediate release of the arrested students, which aroused strong repercussions in society. This is the popular "Top Ten Old Letters" at that time. The Kuomintang authorities released the arrested students under the pressure of public opinion. The campaigns against hunger, civil war and persecution quickly spread to more than 60 cities in Kuomintang-controlled areas. This summer, the Kuomintang authorities forced the school to dismiss more than 30 progressive professors. After learning about this, Chen Shutong turned to Zhang Jusheng for help, and the Commercial Press allocated a sum of money to support these professors in the name of subsidizing cultural groups.
In the summer of 1947, the Kuomintang government issued the so-called "general mobilization order against chaos" to step up the suppression of the producers and revolutionary people in the Kuomintang-controlled areas, and declared the NLD an "illegal organization" in June of 10. At that time, some Democrats in Shanghai were forced to go underground or evacuate. Ma Xulun, who has a deep friendship with Chen Shutong, also left Shanghai for Hong Kong. Chen Shutong stayed in Shanghai and persisted in the struggle. He often wrote the anti-Chiang struggle in Shanghai and his opinions and suggestions on various issues in secret letters to Hong Kong and kept close contact with China.
In the face of white terror, Chen Shutong took it calmly and was safe. Chen Bulei, director of Chiang Kai-shek's retinue room, asked someone to tell him: "I have crossed your name off the list of suspected members of the * * * Party twice. I can't help it if you want to move again in the future! " He laughed it off and asked someone to tell Chen Bulei: "I also advise you to wash your hands as soon as possible and abandon the dark." Facing the situation of economic collapse and military rout, the Kuomintang authorities launched an offensive of peace talks in the summer of 1948, encouraging some imperial literati and politicians in Shanghai to plan "electrifying thousands of people" in an attempt to play the so-called national negotiation trick. Asked Chen Shutong to sign the "Thousand Electricity", he refused. In his letter to his friends, he pointed out: "This is a revolution, and we hope for a complete revolution", "We should cooperate with friendly parties" and "Without friendly parties, there would be no today, and there would be no tomorrow", expressing an unshakable position. The so-called "electrifying a thousand people" movement went bankrupt because of the resistance of various democratic forces.
Chen Shutong supported 1948 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's "May 1" call to hold a new CPPCC meeting, and actively put forward many insightful suggestions. Under the arrangement of China * * *, he left Shanghai at 1949 and 1, passed through Hong Kong and arrived in Peiping in March, where he was warmly welcomed and cordially received by the leaders of China * * *.
1949 In May, after the liberation of Shanghai, Chen Shutong returned to Shanghai from Beiping with other Democrats in Shanghai to publicize the party's principles and policies, and initiated the establishment of industrial and commercial labor branches to comfort the PLA.
1June, 949, attended the preparatory meeting of the new CPPCC in Beiping and was promoted to deputy director. In September, he attended the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference, and then attended founding ceremony. The ancient and rare old man, happy in the prosperous times, sang happily: "Seventy-three years ago, I was not proud of my ambition." Back to the birthday of liberation, we began to see the glorious revolutionary day. "
After the founding of new China
Since the founding of New China, Chen Shutong has been a member of the Central People's Government Committee, executive vice chairman of NPC and vice chairman of the National Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference. He also served as the vice chairman of the People's Committee for Defending World Peace in China, and traveled across oceans to attend the World Peace Congress and the World Peace Council.
Entrusted by the producer of China * * *, Chen Shutong presided over the preparation of national industrial and commercial organizations from June 195 10. 1953 10 In June, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce was formally established, and Chen Shutong was elected as its chairman. He closely relied on the leadership of the * * * production party, United the broad masses of business people, listened to Chairman Mao, followed the * * * production party, and pushed the national private industry and commerce to gradually embark on the socialist road.
Under the leadership of the * * * Production Party in China, China successfully completed the socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce by peaceful means, and the former industrialists and businessmen became socialist laborers. This is a great pioneering work. Chen Shutong devoted himself to this matter, spared no effort, devoted all his energy in his later years and made outstanding contributions. He was praised by domestic leading comrades and respected and deeply missed by business comrades.