Did Apollo land on the moon successfully?
196 1 year, the United States began to implement the manned moon landing program, and it ended in 1972. During this period, the United States launched a total of 17 spacecraft, of which 6 successfully landed on the moon. Astronauts walked or rode on the surface of the moon, conducted more than ten scientific experiments and geological explorations on the moon, and installed seismographs, laser reflectors and other equipment on the surface of the moon. And bring back the moon's rocks, soil samples and photo negatives to earth.
1In July 1969, the American Apollo spacecraft 1 1 "realized" the feat of human landing on the moon for the first time. Armstrong, who claimed to be the first to set foot on the surface of the moon, announced to the world: "This is a small step for me personally, but a big step for mankind." Thousands of people all over the world saw this exciting scene on TV screens.
However, in mid-July, 2000, Eternal Weekly published an article entitled "The Biggest Forgery of the Century" by Russian researcher Alexander Goldov, who questioned the photos taken by the United States about landing on the moon 3 1 year ago. Since then, many newspapers and periodicals have reprinted this article, which has aroused widespread concern of readers. At present, the long-lost discussion about the authenticity of Apollo's landing on the moon is once again hot. According to the statistics of an American social investigation agency, about10% (25 million) Americans think that the so-called "Apollo landing on the moon" is a big scam fabricated by NASA. But strangely, so far, American officials have not made any positive response to this, and American astronaut neil armstrong is still alive. Why not let him come out and clarify this matter? The U.S. government is dismissive of this, or is it true?
Man achieved the feat of landing on the moon for the first time
According to the generally accepted concept, in the space race from the late 1950s to the early 1960s, the disadvantaged Americans were determined to regain their former leading position in science, technology and military affairs at any cost. 196 1 year, American president Kennedy officially announced that the United States would achieve the goal of sending a man to the moon in the late 1960s. This is the world-famous "Apollo moon landing program".
1On the morning of July 30, 969, Saturn V carrier rocket carrying Apollo 1 1 was launched from Cape Kennedy launch site in the United States, and the first human space flight to the moon began. American astronauts neil armstrong, Edwin Aldrin and Michael john collins took part in the flight. At 4: 1: 42 pm EST, Armstrong carefully put his left foot on the surface of the moon, which was the first time that man set foot on the moon. Then he took photos of Aldrin's landing on the moon with a special 70mm camera. They planted an American flag near the lunar module. In order to make the star-spangled banner look like it is flying in the wind on the windless moon, they stretched it with a spring-shaped wire. Then, the astronauts placed a seismograph and a laser reflector on the surface of the moon ... They stayed on the surface of the moon for 2 1 hour 18 minutes and collected 22 kilograms of lunar soil and rock samples. On the morning of July 25th, Apollo 1 1 command module landed safely in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, and the mission to the moon came to a successful conclusion.
"Apollo landing on the moon" was a scam.
After more than 30 years, Goldov published an article questioning the photos taken by the United States on the moon. He believes that all the photos and video recordings taken by American astronauts on the moon were made in Hollywood studios. He emphasized that this conclusion was reached after careful scientific analysis and verification. The main reasons are as follows: no image or picture taken in space can see stars in the space background; The shadow direction of the object in the image is multi-directional, but the shadow formed by sunlight should be in the same direction; In the photographic record, the stars and stripes inserted on the surface of the moon fluttered in the wind, but there was no wind on the moon at all, so the flag could not be blown up; People can see from the documentary that astronauts walking on the surface of the moon is just like walking on the ground, but in fact the gravity on the moon is much smaller than that on the earth, so every step on the moon is equivalent to a person crossing 5 ~ 6 meters on the ground; When the lunar landing instrument "moves" on the surface of the moon, the landing speed of the small stone ejected from the wheel is the same as that on the earth, but the landing speed of the small stone on the moon should be six times that on the earth.
Goldov said that although he questioned the photos and video records taken by American astronauts more than 30 years ago, this could not deny the feat of American astronauts landing on the moon. He believes that American astronauts did approach the surface of the moon at that time, but for technical reasons, they did not set foot on the surface of the moon. But the United States was eager to show its achievements to the whole world, so it forged many moon landing photos and a documentary and deceived everyone. Ralph René, a famous American engineer, David Perry and Mary Burt, British scientists, all agreed with Goldov's query.
Coincidentally, Professor Bill Kane, who claimed to have participated in the Apollo moon landing program, once wrote a book entitled "We have never landed on the moon". The book also listed some doubts about the Apollo moon landing program, and even thought that the rocket carrying astronauts was indeed launched, but the target was not the moon, but the unreachable South Pole. The command module was ejected from the rocket and recovered by military aircraft. Then the astronauts went to the moon in the earth's laboratory, and finally entered the command module, and then were put into the central Pacific Ocean to complete the so-called moon landing process.
The authenticity of "Apollo landing on the moon"
Whether the "Apollo moon landing program" is a scam has caused controversy in the United States. People represented by Hamlet, a famous physics professor, support the "deception theory". They believe that the Apollo moon landing scam is based on:
The photos of Apollo landing on the moon are pure forgeries. According to the data released by NASA, the incident angle between the sun and the moon is only about 6 ~ 7 degrees. However, according to the photos of the stars and stripes inserted on the moon, the incident angle of the sun is about 30 degrees. The included angle of the shadow in the photo should be obtained 46 hours after taking the first step.
The video of Apollo landing on the moon should have been shot on the earth. The analysis of the video shows that the jumping height of astronauts on the surface of the moon is similar to that on the earth, which does not conform to the characteristics of walking on the moon.
There is no laser reflector on the surface of the moon at all. According to the data of an American observatory, it is known that the reflected beam intensity received by a laser receiver on the earth today is only 1/200 of the reflected intensity of the mirror. So this beam of light should be reflected by the moon itself. In other words, there is no laser reflector on the moon at all. Moreover, the development speed of the lunar module is also very suspicious. It was not until June 65438 +654381October +0967 that the first Saturn V was developed in the United States, and the first launch test was carried out on June 27/KLOC-0 +65438. During the launch, three astronauts were suffocated by the fire. Then the lunar module was redesigned, and the hardware development was delayed by 18 months. 1how is it possible to land on the moon once in July, 969?
Query on Saturn V rocket and lunar module. Modern spacecraft can only send 20 tons of load to low orbit, but Saturn V can easily send more than 100 tons of load to Earth orbit. Why was it abandoned later? It is said that even the drawings have not been preserved.
Influence of temperature on photographic equipment. The temperature on the surface of the moon can reach 12 1 celsius during the day. According to the picture observation, the camera was exposed outside the spacesuit and no heat preservation measures were taken. When the film is heated to 66 degrees Celsius, it will curl and fail. How can you take pictures?
These people believe that the US government has not made a clear explanation on these issues, and insiders may remain silent because they are worried that their lives and their own safety will be affected, and may even be directly intimidated. People have to doubt the authenticity of landing on the moon.
However, there are still many people who think that Apollo's moon landing plan can't be fake:
First of all, because this plan is broadcast live all over the world, hundreds of millions of people watched it with their own eyes. In addition, astronauts also brought back physical samples such as rocks from the moon.
Second, the US government will not joke about its credibility. If it's just a scam, they don't have to take such a big risk to broadcast it live. Just post some photos afterwards. Otherwise, once something goes wrong, the U.S. government will bear extremely serious consequences, or even lose its reputation.
Third, NASA has a large number of scientists and engineers, most of whom will take a scientific attitude and will not treat serious scientific problems as trivial matters. If the moon landing plan is a scam, it will not only damage the personality of all participants, but also make thousands of people continue to lie down for decades, which is not easy.
In addition, the American media is almost pervasive. If the government cheats, the major media will surely find out. However, so far, the American press has not made a big fuss about this, and there must be some truth in it.
Then there is not enough evidence to expose the moon landing. It has been pointed out that the above reasons are not rigorous. Judging that landing on the moon is a scam with a few photos and videos is as ridiculous as proving Goldbach's conjecture with mathematical induction.
The argument has been going on. At the ceremony to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the first landing on the moon held at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, USA, US Vice President Al Gore awarded the "Langley Gold Medal" to the three astronauts who landed on the moon on Apollo 1 1 in recognition of their outstanding contributions to the space industry. This move shows the attitude of the US government towards "Apollo landing on the moon". However, Armstrong still refused to attend any press conference, sign autographs or take photos, and he remained silent for decades. This leaves people with a huge question.
Did American astronauts land on the moon for the first time? Is the American landing on the moon really a scam? People are eagerly looking forward to the real answer.