In 1924, after Huang Dapeng graduated from primary school in Xinling Town, Badong, he followed his second brother Dazhen to Yichang and was admitted to the Third Provincial Normal School. In school, he studied very attentively and determined to be a knowledgeable teacher. At that time, there was an underground communist teacher named Zu Shanzhu in the school. He often used lectures to instill revolutionary ideas into students and inspire them to think. Once, there was a death in a poor family near the school that could not be buried. The teacher asked in class: "Why can't a poor person even get a coffin when he dies, but a rich family can beat gongs and drums and build a dojo?" Huang Dapeng thought carefully over and over again, and gradually understood that to change the inequality between rich and poor, it cannot be done by education alone, but society must first be transformed. To be a knowledgeable teacher, you must first have political vision and devote yourself to revolutionary activities. Since then, he has freed himself from "recruiting", started to care about social issues, participated in social activities, and gradually improved his consciousness. In the spring of 1926, Huang Dapeng joined the Communist Party of China after being introduced by his ancestor Shangghu and his second brother.
In semi-feudal and semi-colonial China, warlord rulers brutally exploited and oppressed the people internally and bowed to the imperialists externally, which made Huang Dapeng extremely angry. Once, two British sailors refused to pay for a ride in a rickshaw and instead beat the driver. Liu Jie, a student of the Third Provincial Division, was very angry when he saw the incident and was injured while trying to reason with the British sailors. After Huang Dapeng and others found out, they rushed to the Catholic church where the two sailors were hiding and argued with each other, forcing the foreign priests and sailors to admit their mistakes in public and apologize in public, and pay for the medical treatment.
With the growing patriotic movement among students, the anniversary of the May 30th Massacre has arrived. As soon as the news came out that the Yichang District Student Federation decided to hold a commemorative meeting, Huang Dapeng took action immediately. He marched with students across the city and gave speeches in the streets. As the parade approached the river, the Japanese imperialist gunboats openly removed their gun jackets and pointed their guns at the parade. Faced with this provocative behavior, Huang Dapeng and his classmates were very angry and shouted "Down with imperialism!" The Japanese army was panicked and had to put on the gun jacket again. The just actions of Huang Dapeng and his classmates against invasion and plunder by foreign powers and to safeguard national rights and dignity promoted the vigorous development of the city's patriotic movement, and Huang Dapeng also got training from the struggle.
In order to expand his military strength, control the territory under his rule, and raise military pay, the Beiyang warlord Wu Peifu apportioned military funds to all parts of the province in early 1926. In order to raise this military salary, the Badong County Government added the so-called "re-examination of the red deed" and used the county seal on the contract as a pretext to extort money, causing urban and rural people to complain and suffer.
In July, Huang Dapeng returned home with his second brother for the summer vacation. After learning about this situation, they understood that this was a ploy by the county government officials to exploit the people. The two brothers went around to mobilize the masses and exposed the authorities' "re-inspection of red goods". "Contract" conspiracy. Soon, a meeting was held in front of the Bapanshan Temple in Pingyangba, attended by more than a thousand farmers, who shouted slogans against the "re-inspection of the red deed". Later, brothers Huang Dapeng led the masses to demonstrate in front of the Pingyang Dam Joint Protection Office. After receiving the tip from the Joint Security Office, County Magistrate Zhang Kun was shocked and ordered the arrest of the Huang brothers.
At that time, Huang Dazhen had already gone to Yichang, and the county government only captured Huang Dapeng. Huang Dapeng saw that the county military police were being arrogant and unreasonable, and he was worried that the rescued people would suffer, so he took the initiative and said, "I'm just going to the Yamen to ask for help!" On the way to the county seat, the Yamen servants asked him for food expenses and travel money, and he replied sharply. Said: "You said that I am a state prisoner, and the expenses will be yours. If you want money, go to the county government office and ask for it!"
The county magistrate interrogated Huang Dapeng in the county government office. He replied confidently: "I'm not guilty! Reexamination of red deeds to collect stamp duty money is your trick. Why don't other counties have this hall?!" The county magistrate Zhang Kun was speechless. At this moment, hundreds of farmers who came to the rescue rushed to the county. The county magistrate was afraid that the scandal would spread, so he had to release Huang Dapeng. When he was loosened, Huang Dapeng refused to let go and said, "You can arrest a student if you want, and tie him or her if you want. What kind of law is this?!" He didn't give up until the county magistrate personally apologized to him for untying him. Therefore, the "re-inspection of the red deed" was dismissed.
Opposing the "reexamination of the red deed" was Huang Dapeng's first direct confrontation with the reactionary rulers.
The victory of this struggle made him realize the greatness of the power of the masses. When people praised him, he said: "If we don't work together, we won't be able to defeat them. Two people can do nothing good."
At the end of 1926, Wang Tianpei's team of the National Revolutionary Army came to Padang. In the spring of the next year, under the leadership of Communist Party member Zhang Huafu, the Badong County Party Headquarters of the Kuomintang was established. At that time, Huang Dapeng often traveled between the county and rural areas in Jiangbei to assist Zhang Huafu in his work. After Chiang Kai-shek rebelled against the revolution, a regimental deputy of the Guizhou Army named Lei led a battalion of soldiers to Badong to arrest Communist Party members according to Yang Sen's instructions. As a result, Communist Party members such as Huang Dapeng and Zhang Huafu withdrew to the rural areas of Jiangbei and turned to secret activities.
At that time, the political situation was in chaos, and bandits "Banglaoer" who took the opportunity to rob people's property were harassed everywhere. Farmers were robbed and could not produce with peace of mind. In order to resist the bandits and defend themselves, farmers have organized so-called "magic soldier" organizations such as the "Dadao Hui". In view of this, Huang Dapeng personally went to Xingshan to invite the "Magic Soldiers" to teach the masters, "teach the method" in Badong Jiangbei, and organize and expand the team of "Magic Soldiers". Huang Dapeng transformed the "magic soldiers" in accordance with the party's requirements and turned them into peasant armed forces. He served as the representative of the "magic soldiers" in Wudaoya and fought against the bandits. In the first battle at Zengjialing, more than 100 bandits were killed; in the second battle at Wanhutuo, the bandit leader Zheng Shun was captured alive. They were taken to counties and towns for suppression. As a result, the "magic soldier" became famous.
In early 1928, after obtaining the consent of the Badong Communist Party organization, Huang Dapeng used his wedding time to invite some Communist Party members in Badong, Xingshan and Zigui to their homes to discuss the implementation of the provincial policies. Commissioned the Autumn Harvest Riot Plan. On February 9, Liao Jingkun, Zhang Huafu, Chen Zongpei and others held a meeting at Huang Dapeng's house and decided to take advantage of the arrival of the new county magistrate to organize various "magic soldiers" to launch a riot.
In early March, Huang Dapeng, Zhang Huafu, Liao Jingkun and Chen Zongpei led a team of more than 300 "magic soldiers" holding swords and spears to the county government, pretending to use the road to enter the city to wipe out the bandits in Jiangnan. Since the county government had few soldiers left in the city and was frightened by the power of the "magic soldiers", it allowed the "magic soldiers" to garrison the city. The "magic soldiers" entered the city in the evening and acted at midnight. They broke into the county government office in one fell swoop, killed the county magistrate Gao Anqi, and seized the county seal. Huang Dapeng also led troops to kill Huang Shangqing, the police chief and postmaster, and disintegrated the county government's armed forces. This riot was known as "killing officials to seize seals."
The next day, the Jiangbei riot team contacted Jiangnan mass representatives and held a meeting at the county government office. At the meeting, the County People's Committee was elected, with Zhang Huafu as chairman and Huang Dapeng as chief of the finance section. The People's Committee announced the protection of Yangtze River transportation, industry, agriculture and commerce, and the abolition of all taxes except salt tax, which was deeply supported by the people.
The Badong riot shook Sichuan and Hubei. At that time, the Liu Heding Division under the Sichuan warlord Yang Sen was stationed in Yichang. After hearing about this, he gathered the Badong and Zigui regiment defense forces and besieged Badong County. When the enemy was strong and we were weak, and the army was pressing down on the border, the Badong County People's Committee withdrew north across the river. Song Yitao, one of the leaders of the County People's Committee, believed that the leader of the regiment defense was his classmate and friend, and he placed his hope in peace talks. Huang Dapeng repeatedly persuaded and proposed that the regime must be defended by force. Song Dynasty did not adopt it and died in vain at the hands of the enemy.
The mountain riots and Song Yitao's death gave Huang Dapeng a deeper understanding of violent revolution and his determination to seize power with arms.
In December 1928, the Baguixing County Committee of the Communist Party of China was established, and Huang Dapeng was elected as a member. In order to establish a revolutionary base and expand revolutionary forces, he often moved between Zigui Meiping, Xingshan Juping and Badong Ganping to secretly mobilize the masses.
In early December 1929, the county committee held an enlarged meeting in Daya, Ganping, to implement the instructions of the Western Hubei Special Committee. At the meeting, Huang Dapeng proposed a plan to carry out armed struggle, which was valued and approved by the county party committee.
On the evening of December 18, Huang Dapeng and Chen Zongpei led more than 80 people to set out from Ge Tengping to walk in the snow. In the early morning of the next day, we arrived at the headquarters of Zhang Sichen, the commander-in-chief of the Tongjiaping regiment in Luoxi. Huang Dapeng first sent a few soldiers to crawl forward, secretly killed the sentries, and seized several guns from downstairs while the enemy was sleeping soundly. Then, Chen Zongpei led the crowd to rush upstairs. Enemy soldiers who were playing cards upstairs noticed and opened fire. Chen Zongpei, who was at the front, was unfortunately shot and died. Huang Dapeng immediately commanded the soldiers to attack the enemy.
The fierce fighting lasted for a long time, and the enemy held the building and resisted stubbornly. Huang Dapeng asked the soldiers to bring firewood and prepare fire to attack the enemy tower. As soon as a toilet next to the enemy tower was set on fire, the enemy was greedy for life and feared death, so he obediently surrendered. During this battle, the guerrillas captured dozens of enemy soldiers alive, killed three enemies, and surrendered more than 40 guns. Zhang Sichen, the regiment commander, went to Yandu River for some business and was able to avoid being captured. In this operation, the guerrillas only carried three guns, including one that could not fire. Later, the masses praised this sneak attack on a snowy night as "two and a half guns to make a revolution."
After seizing the guns and returning to Ganping, Huang Dapeng and others organized the "Western Hubei Guerrilla Brigade", and the Basinggui Soviet District had a revolutionary army directly controlled by the party.
After that, this guerrilla brigade, led by Huang Dapeng and others, successively smashed the Zigui regiment's "encirclement and suppression" campaigns by Deng Weichu and Pi Qiubin. In order to expand the revolutionary forces and seize the enemy's guns to arm themselves, on April 29, 1930, Xingshan County was captured for the first time. On the way back to the division, they captured another regimental defense gun at Muyuping. Afterwards, the guerrilla brigade was ordered to be reorganized into the 49th Division of the Red Army. Under the leadership of division political commissar Huang Dapeng, the Red 49th Division captured Xingshan County twice more. The team grew during the battle and soon had more than 700 guns. Huang Dapeng was also trained to become a Red Army commander who was good at attacking and fighting. The Red Army he led also became a team that was feared by the enemy.
In the winter of 1930, Huang Dapeng held a meeting in Zhengjiapo, Niudong. Suddenly he was surrounded by Tan Xiankai, head of the county security regiment and captain of the first squadron. Huang Dapeng saw that the enemy was outnumbered and it was difficult to break out of the siege, so he shouted to the head of the security group outside the house: "Tan Xiankai, you want people today, we have 24; you want weapons, we have two rifles and a pistol; you want I'll give it to you if you want. But there is one thing: you must prepare your troops outside with your swords unsheathed and guns loaded, and wait for us to come out and disarm you." Tan Xiankai thought he was sure of victory, so he commanded the troops. Stand in two lines outside the door. Suddenly, the door opened and a row of bullets was fired. Huang Dapeng and his comrades rushed out back to back with guns in hand. The enemy was disrupted by this sudden action, and all 24 cadres including Huang Dapeng escaped safely. Tan Xiankai was so angry that he stamped his feet repeatedly. In fact, Huang Dapeng did not go far, he lurked nearby, and with one return shot, Tan Xiankai was caught off guard, killing several enemies and seizing several guns.
On April 1, 1931, Tan Xiankai led more than a hundred bandit soldiers to harass Niujian, Tanping and other places, threatening to "open up Red Mountain" in the Soviet area and carry out burning and extermination. After Huang Dapeng found out the news, he analyzed the enemy's situation and terrain, and decided to defeat more with less, attack first, and outflank the enemy in two ways. They marched quickly through the night, over mountains and ridges, and surrounded Tan Xiankai's garrison early the next morning. At that time, the rooster crowed, and there were two bandit soldiers in the enemy camp who were keeping watch at night. When they heard the rooster crow, they happily said: "The rooster crows, don't be afraid anymore." The Red Army soldier heard it outside the house, and continued to say: "The rooster crows. The Red Army has arrived. You are surrounded by us. Come out quickly and hand over your guns!" The enemy was very panicked, but unwilling to surrender, and planned to climb onto the roof to resist. When Huang Dapeng saw that the enemy would not surrender, he ordered the house to be set on fire. Tan Xiankai panicked and ran away from the door. Unexpectedly, as soon as he stepped out of the door, he was wounded in the abdomen by a Red Army soldier and had to be carried by two guards to escape. Huang Dapeng led his troops to pursue the victory to Guanyinyan, and finally killed Tan Xiankai. After that, "The chicken crows, the Red Army arrives" was compiled into a ballad and spread throughout the Soviet area. The story of Huang Dapeng's witty annihilation of the enemy also spread throughout the Soviet area.
After annihilating Tan Xiankai, the Red Army took advantage of the victory and attacked Luoping Zigzag Ridge, wounding Zhang Sichen, the squadron leader of the security regiment, and killed six other people, including the enemy's training captain, and drove the security regiment out of Badong. .
Huang Dapeng admired and missed Commander He Long very much, who was stationed in the Soviet area on the border of Hunan and Hubei. I also want to hear the instructions of Commander He Long on how the revolution in Ba Xinggui Su District will proceed. However, he never had the chance to visit.
On April 4, 1931, He Long led the Red Army through the Badong Jiangbei Soviet Area and stationed at Sanyuantang in Gooping that night, and met with Hu Rongben and Song Wenming, leaders of the Basinggui Soviet Area. After listening to the reports from Hu and Song, Commander He affirmed the combat achievements of the Soviet Area and the Red 49th Division, and also expressed deep praise for Huang Dapeng's talents.
During the interview, according to the opinions of the Front Committee of the Third Red Army, the 49th Red Division was reorganized into the Second Teaching Division of the Third Red Army, and Huang Dapeng was appointed as the division commander and Tu Meizhong was the political commissar of the division. At the same time, more than 200 wounded Red Army soldiers, a dozen military cadres and medical personnel, and some guns were left to teach the Second Division.
At that time, Huang Dapeng was leading his troops to deploy for battle in Qinjialing. After Hu Rongben went to convey the instructions of the Red Army Front Committee, Huang Dapeng immediately rushed back to Gooping to visit Commander He. Unexpectedly, when they arrived at Gooping, He Long had already led his army north, and Huang Dapeng continued to pursue him. Only when he arrived at Huangliangping in Xingshan did he meet Commander He Long. When the two met, they were as close as old friends. Commander He patted Huang on the shoulder and said: "Comrade Dapeng, I have heard his name for a long time." Then he asked: "How many years have you been engaged in armed struggle?" Huang Dapeng replied, "For three or four years." Then Huang Dapeng reported in detail Learn about the activities of the Baguixing Soviet Area and the Red Army. After hearing this, Commander He Long encouraged and said: "You have done a good job and are very loyal to the party." He also gave instructions for future actions: "If you build the Baguixing Soviet Area well, you can contain the enemies in Yichang and attack the Honghu and Hunan-Hubei border Soviet areas. It's a good support." After hearing this, Huang Dapeng became enlightened and gained a new understanding of the relationship between Ba Guixing and the entire Western Hunan and Hubei Soviet Area. He immediately told the commander: "We will definitely do it!" When leaving, Commander He gave Huang Dapeng a telescope, 20 guns and a box of bullets.
After Huang Dapeng returned to the army, he reorganized the army. At this time, the Second Division had more than 1,000 men and guns, morale was high, and the momentum became even greater. Soon, the Kuomintang dispatched Wang Lingji, the "Commander-in-Chief of Bandit Suppression in the Upper Yangtze River", to lead heavy troops and assemble regiment defense forces from various places in an attempt to pursue the Red Army. When passing through Badong, Huang Dapeng, in order to contain the enemy, despite being seriously ill, led the Second Division to make circuitous contact with the enemy in the areas of Pondiya, Xiaguping, and Muyuping, and contained the powerful enemy. After the Sichuan Army broke through the Red Army's Wanxiandong Agency station, Huang Dapeng selected 200 strong soldiers in order to preserve the main force, and handed them over to Xu Guangda, commander of the 22nd Regiment of the Red Army, and others to join Commander He in Fang County. Soon, Huang Dapeng personally led the recovered Red Army soldiers to Fang County to fight with Commander He.
In late October, the Second Teaching Division was ordered to return to Badong to restore the Soviet area and open up transportation to Badong, Xingshan, and Fang counties. At that time, the Badong regiment defended Chen Zhujiu, Shi Zuhui, Zhan Xingrang, Zhang Sichen and other troops, and cooperated with the Sichuan army to station in Jiangbei to treat me in danger. After Huang Dapeng first won the battle at Zhujiashan in Pingyangba, he also won consecutive battles in Jiajiapo, Songjiaya, Zuozuya, and Baiwan, frightening the enemy. In order to eliminate the troubles of the Soviet area's henchmen, Huang Dapeng decided to attack Ertangya in early November. Before leaving, he pretended to "lay down Pingyang Dam and attack Zengjialing" to paralyze the enemy. Then, more than a hundred warriors were selected and attacked Ertangya in two groups.
At the beginning of the battle, the battalion commander Luo Yuqing led the way and launched a feint attack from the front. The other group, led by Huang Dapeng, went around behind enemy lines to attack. During the attack, Huang and Luo took the lead and cooperated closely to surround the enemy soldiers in Ertangya. After a fierce battle, the enemy captain Zhan Xingrang was killed and another great victory was achieved.
"If you want to eat spicy food, you are not afraid of spicy food; if you want to be a Red Army soldier, you are not afraid of being killed; if you press a knife on your neck, you will not be afraid if your head falls off." This folk song was popular in Baguixing Soviet District at the time and reflected the teachings of the Red Army. The strong revolutionary will of the soldiers of the Second Division.
During the battle at Ertangya, battalion commander Luo Yuqing charged forward and annihilated many enemies. During the battle, Luo was unfortunately shot and died. At the memorial service held by the entire division, Huang Dapeng was filled with grief and anger, determined to avenge the martyrs and fight to the death with the enemy. After the meeting, he led his team to Ertangya again and fought a bloody battle with the enemy.
In order to quickly annihilate the enemy, the Red Army approached the enemy's position at dawn and launched a fierce attack on the enemy. The enemy captain Shi Zuhui was unable to support him and fled in a panic. Huang Dapeng rushed to the forefront of the battlefield in order to use political offensive to disrupt the enemy. He crouched behind a large rock and shouted loudly to the enemy: "The Red Army is an army that works for the poor. The Red Army treats prisoners preferentially. Don't work for the local tyrants and evil gentry. Drag your guns over here." Shi Zuhui organized firepower and aimed at the large rock to shoot. Huang Dapeng was eager to defeat the enemy, regardless of his personal safety. When he raised his head again to shout, a bullet entered from the center of his left eyebrow and passed through the occipital bone. Unfortunately, he died heroically on the spot. He was only 24 years old when he died.