The signature of a legal person is the signature of a legal person organization on a bill. As we all know, it is impossible for a legal person to make any signature. In practice, when a legal person needs to sign a bill, the essence is made by a natural person, which is also a general rule. For the way of legal person signature, most theories think that it is limited to the form of seal. Some scholars also believe that the representative can directly sign the name of the legal person in calligraphy, or it can be regarded as the signature of the legal person. The argument is that a natural person can sign by hand, and a legal person should also have the handwritten signature of a natural person. There is no obstacle. However, most countries in the world require legal person registration, because legal persons exist abstractly. Only by registering a legal person can a legal person be regarded as publicized, trusted and known, which is an extremely important guarantee for transaction security. If the natural calligrapher's name is used as the legal person's signature, it may cause a lot of inconvenience because of the fixity of the signer and the instability of the handwriting. If the handwritten legal person names of multiple natural persons are used as legal person signatures, besides the diversity of handwriting, the possibility of signature abuse is obviously increased, which will bring serious consequences. From this perspective, the representative of a legal person can only be a seal, not a legal person name in calligraphy.

2. Type of company seal

There are generally four kinds of company seals. The first one is called the corporate seal (official seal), which immediately has a legal name and represents a legal person. The second kind of seal, called the special seal for legal person, has the legal name of the legal person directly, and engraves special seals for certain matters, such as the special seal for contract and the special seal for finance. The third type is called the seal of the branch of a legal person, which immediately indicates the name of the legal person and the name of the branch. The fourth type is called the seal of legal person's functional department, which is a seal engraved with the legal name of legal person and the name of functional department. 77

Article 14 of the Measures for the Implementation of Bill Management issued by the People's Bank of China stipulates: "The signature and seal of the drawer on a commercial bill shall be the special financial seal or official seal of the unit plus the signature or seal of its legal representative or authorized agent." It can be seen that in the practice of bills in China, the legal person signature on bills should be the legal person seal or the special financial seal of legal person, and the effectiveness of other legal person seals is not recognized by the Measures for the Administration of Bill Implementation. However, when the signature of a bill is rejected by the bank and returned to the holder because it is inconsistent with the reserved seal, its signature is valid in the bill law, and the holder can recourse against the holder, thus protecting the interests of the holder.

3. Legislative comparison of legal person as the form of bill signature

Most countries and regions stipulate the way of legal person signature in commercial law or negotiable instrument law. Most laws acquiesce to the customary practices in practice, and only a few laws clearly stipulate the way of signing legal person bills. Paragraph 2 of Article 3-433 of the United States Uniform Commercial Code stipulates:

(1) The bill does not indicate the principal, nor does it indicate that the signature of the representative was made as a representative, and the person shall bear the responsibility;

(2) The bill of exchange indicates the representative, but does not indicate that the signature of the representative was made as a representative, or the bill does not indicate the representative, but indicates that the signature of the representative was made as a representative. Unless there are other proofs between the direct parties, the individual shall bear the responsibility.

From this provision, it can be concluded that the legal person's signature on the bill should not only have the seal of the legal person and the signature of the representative, but also have the meaning of representing the representative, both of which are indispensable. As an unwritten law, the United States has made such detailed provisions on company signature in its Uniform Commercial Code, which undoubtedly reflects its special attention to the way of company signature.