Lhasa, Tibet has the famous "Three Wonders of Nimu", which refers to the Xela Tibetan paper, Tunba Tibetan incense and Pusong carvings in Nimu County. In Shela Village, Nyam County, there is a family who has been engaged in Tibetan paper making for generations. They are Tsering Dorje, the intangible inheritor of Tibetan paper craftsmanship, and his two sons, Kelsang Tenzin and Luo Qiong. This family is a witness to the history of Tibetan paper and an innovator in reviving thousands of years of Tibetan paper in the new era.
The palms, fingers, and nails of the papermaker were all stained by the roots of wolfsbane, and the fingers were obviously swollen. Luo Qiong uses a wooden stick to stir the pulp in a special jar.
Pour the paper pulp into the screen frame and shake it at a constant speed to make the paper pulp even and thin. The paper pulp on the screen frame is dried in the sun and peeled off to obtain the finished Tibetan paper. .
The craftsmanship of Tibetan paper is complex, and almost all processes require manual production. Tibetan paper is neither rotten nor infested because the raw material it uses is the root of a local plant in Nimu - "wolfsbane grass". This plant is found all over the high-altitude slopes of Tibet, and cattle and sheep never eat it because its roots are slightly toxic. Even its flowers have an unpleasant odor that can make people dizzy if they smell it for a long time.
In Tibet, many ancient scriptures are written on this kind of Tibetan paper. It is not eaten by insects, not bitten by rats, does not rot, does not change color, is not easy to tear, does not rot when exposed to water, and does not leave creases after folding. , can be preserved for hundreds or even thousands of years.
The raw material of Tibetan paper is taken from the thin inner membrane under the epidermis of the wolfberry rhizome, which needs to be torn off manually. Peeling is the most tedious process of Tibetan paper, and because the skin is toxic, long-term contact with human hands will corrode it, causing it to swell and turn white.
The peeled plant skin is boiled in boiling water, then smashed with stones, and mixed with water to form a uniform pulp; then the pulp is evenly poured into the papermaking frame, shaken evenly in the pool, and becomes a pulp. A thin film; after it is dried, peel it off to become the hidden paper.
These processes sound simple, but in fact each process requires practice to make perfect. Tsering Dorje started making Tibetan paper with his father at the age of 14 and has been doing it for more than 50 years, sparing no effort to protect and pass on this craft. In 2006, Tibetan paper production technology was listed in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists. In 2009, he was awarded the title of Representative Inheritor of National Intangible Cultural Heritage by the Ministry of Culture.