2. Parker (1888 USA, the global leader in high-quality writing tools); 3. Picasso (world famous brand) 4. Lamy, Ling Mei (founded in1930); 5. Duke (German brand, signature pen of internationally renowned foreign affairs leaders).
1. Pen is a widely used writing tool, which was invented at the beginning of19th century. The pen is made of metal, and the writing is smooth, elastic and quite smooth. On the mouth of the pen or the surface of the pen tip, there are obvious trademark numbers and models. It is divided into dip pen, fountain pen and ink bag pen. A pen is a writing instrument mainly made of metal. It contains ink (mostly black or blue) through a hollow pen tube, and then writes through a duckbill pen through gravity and capillary action. It can be said that it is a writing tool of western calligraphy. Most pens can be replenished with ink. Generally speaking, vials or straws such as eye drops are used to supplement the kit. The earliest historical record of fountain pen can be traced back to 10 century, and this earliest fountain pen has been used until 18 century. The development process was very slow, but it was not until the beginning of the 9th century that a pen with stable and accelerated flow was invented in the production process. Only three key inventions have made the pen a widely popular writing tool. These inventions are: gold nib made of iridium, hard rubber and free-flowing ink. The first pen using the above three key inventions was made in AD 1850. But it was not until A.D. 1880 that mass production began. Wortmann and Wilt were the main producers at that time. At the beginning of the 20th century, American pens were introduced into China and distributed in coastal cities. After that, Conklin, Eversharp, Pelikan, Sheaffer, Parker and other brands of pens poured in.
2. 1809, Britain issued the first batch of patent certificates on water storage pens, which marked the official birth of pens. The early pen box was a water storage pen, and the ink could not flow freely. When the writer presses the piston, the ink begins to flow. After writing for a while, he has to press it again, otherwise the ink will not flow out. Of course it's inconvenient to write like this. 1829, the British james bailey successfully developed the nib. After special treatment, it is smooth and elastic, and it is quite smooth to write, which is deeply loved by people. But this pen must be dipped in ink to write, which is very troublesome. By 1884, an employee of an American insurance company named Waltman invented a capillary ink supply method, which solved the above problems well. The end of this pen can be disassembled and ink can be injected with a small dropper. The earliest pen that can absorb ink by itself appeared at the beginning of the 20th century, using a piston to absorb ink. When using a bladder in a pen, insert an iron sheet into the gap to squeeze the bladder to absorb ink. At 1952, there appeared a snooker pen with a tube inserted in the ink to absorb water. The commonly used capillary pen was not invented until 1956. And some art pens.
Third, the nib can be said to be the most critical part of the pen, ranging from fine to thick. Generally speaking, the most common pen tip sizes are "B (wide), M (medium), FM (thin-medium), F (thin) and EF (extra thin)". M>F & gtEF, pen tip size Each pen factory will have some differences in specifications. Under the same size unit, the Japanese pen will be thinner than the European pen. According to the usual writing habits, westerners usually use the M-tip as the main pen and choose the B-tip when signing. Due to the complexity of Chinese writing strokes, F or thinner EF pen tips can generally be used.