1. Be familiar with the text and feel the author's thoughts and feelings as a whole.

2. Guide students to understand the main idea of the text.

3. Combined with the context, try to figure out the meaning and expression effect of words and sentences, and then learn to use metaphor, synaesthesia, personification, reduplication and other skills to express meaning.

Teaching focus

Key points of learning guidance

1. Try to understand the meaning of words in a specific context.

2. Appreciate the concise and beautiful landscape language of the work and its expression effect.

Difficulties in guiding learning

1, words and scenes blend together, and "scene language" and "emotional language" blend together.

2. Understand the thoughts and feelings expressed in the article with the help of key sentences.

Arrangement of remedial classes: arrange 2 class hours.

first kind

I. Introduction to the author:

Zhu Ziqing (1898- 1948) is a famous essayist, poet, scholar and democracy fighter. Early member of literary research society. People from Donghai, Jiangsu Province, call themselves Yangzhou people because their grandfather and father both settled in Yangzhou. Originally known as Huazi,No. Qiushi. Before his death, he earnestly told his family that he had stopped accepting American aid and buying flour rationed by the government, which reflected his noble national integrity and patriotism.

Second, the text background:

This article was written in July 1927, when the author was teaching in Tsinghua University and living in the west campus of Tsinghua. The lotus pond described in this paper is in Tsinghua campus. This year, "412" and "715" counter-revolutionary massacres occurred in China, and white terror enveloped the land of China. Zhu Ziqing was in anguish and hesitation. He himself knew that "only by participating in the revolution or counter-revolution can this panic be solved", but he finally chose "a temporary escape method". But after all, he is a patriotic Democrat. Facing the dark reality, he can't be at ease with this "detachment". This paper is a true description and vivid portrayal of the author's own thoughts of "detachment" and "struggle"

Third, the structural analysis of the work

Paragraph 1: the time, place and reason of one-person tour in the lotus pond. (mood: "quite restless")

The second paragraph: Go to the lotus pond, the path leading to the lotus pond, trees and moonlight.

The third paragraph: the feeling of walking on the path. (Pursuing a cold and secluded environment)

The fourth paragraph: Look at the lotus pond and write about its beautiful scenery.

The fifth paragraph: write about the flowing moonlight and the moonlight in the pond.

The sixth paragraph: write about the scenery around the lotus pond. (Observing and feeling under the moon)

The seventh paragraph: Associating the old customs of picking lotus in ancient Jiangnan.

Paragraph 8: Stroll home in homesickness and reverie.

The full text is structured as follows:

The first part (1 paragraph) writes "the origin of lotus viewing" (emotion)

The second part (paragraphs 2-6) is about "moonlight on the lotus pond" (scenery).

The third part (paragraphs 7-8) describes "people in the scene", reflecting on the past from reality, and then returning to reality to wrap the whole article (emotion).

Fourth, find out the context of the full text and analyze the author's thoughts and feelings.

Yan Wen: My heart is very uneasy.

Context: I feel quite uneasy-I feel like a free man-I have nothing-I think of picking lotus.

Analyze thoughts and feelings:

Dissatisfied with the dark reality-seeking detachment, refusing to go with the flow-returning to reality-is pinned on the pursuit of beauty, which reflects a touch of sadness and gains a touch of joy.

V. Open routes: trails

(Entering the door-moonlight on the lotus pond-lotus pond in moonlight-old customs in the south of the Yangtze River-going home)

Dark line: emotion

My heart is quite uneasy-faint joy, faint sadness-homesickness-uneasiness) or faint sadness.

Sixth, perceive the text.

1. Under what background was this article written? Please find the answer from the text.

Qing: 1927.

2. Looking back at history:

During the period of 1927, the "412" counter-revolutionary coup took place, which shocked China and foreign countries. It was a turbulent time.

As an intellectual, what is Mr. Zhu Ziqing's mood at this moment? Let's find the answer from his beautiful essay Moonlight on the Lotus Pond!

This article belongs to landscape prose, namely "Lotus Pond" and "Moonlight". What paragraphs in the text describe these two kinds of scenery?

Clear: Paragraphs 4, 5 and 6.

7. Appreciate and analyze the landscape description in the text.

(1) Read and enjoy the fourth paragraph.

1, what scene is written in this paragraph, and from what aspects?

Qing dynasty: the beautiful scenery of the lotus pond under the moon, written in five aspects: lotus leaf, lotus flower, lotus fragrance, lotus wave and lotus rhyme.

2. How does the author describe the beautiful scenery of the lotus pond in this month from these five aspects? Find out these sentences clearly, expand your imagination, read and taste their beauty.

Qing: (group 1) Lotus leaf: "The leaves are high from the water, like the skirts of graceful dancers." Write the charm of lotus leaf with metaphor. From High Water to Skinny Dancer's Skirt, they are not only similar, but also write their own dynamic beauty.

(Group 2) Lotus: "In the layers of leaves, ... like a beautiful woman who just took a shower." Use personification and metaphor. Charming is about the lotus in full bloom, and Shyness is about the lotus in bud. These two words were originally used to describe women's graceful posture and shy expression, but now they are used to write lotus flowers and give things vitality and feelings. This is anthropomorphic writing. Then, three metaphors are used to describe the glittering and translucent flash of lotus in the bright moonlight, the swaying flash of lotus under the green leaves and the dust-free beauty of lotus. Write the charm of lotus, pour the author's subjective feelings and stimulate the reader's imagination.

(Group 3) He Xiang: "The breeze blows, with a faint fragrance, like a faint song on a tall building in the distance." From smell to hearing. "Fragrance" and "faint singing" are similar in many aspects, such as intermittent, if there is nothing, faint and ethereal, refreshing and so on. The transfer of feelings is accompanied by a leap of imagination. "Incense" and "singing" are both beautiful things. Comparing "fragrance" to "singing" in the distance brings elegance and tranquility.

(Group 4) Hobo: "Leaves and flowers also have slight vibration, ... so there are obvious ripples." Using anthropomorphic techniques, write the scene of leaves trembling when the breeze passes, which has both visual images and leaves "shaking a little" becoming "a condensed wave mark"; There are also auditory images, as well as the trembling voice of the wind blowing flowers and leaves. The combination of dynamic and static vividly conveys the vitality and charm of the lotus pond and creates a quiet and peaceful atmosphere.

(Group 5) Lotus rhyme: "Under the leaves, there is running water, which is covered and no color can be seen;" The leaves are even more windy. "The author combines what he sees with imagination. The word "pulse" originally means to express meaning silently with eyes or actions, and is used here to write running water. You can't see the pool water under the thick lotus leaf, but the author imagines that the water under the leaf is affectionate from the charm of the leaf, and there are really endless words and meanings.

3. Summarize the main points of this paragraph.

This passage depicts the beautiful scenery of the lotus pond under the moon by metaphor, personification and synaesthesia, which is thought-provoking. What is more unique is that there is no "moon" in the whole paragraph, but there are moons everywhere. Please read the smell aloud. 5. Read the fourth paragraph of the text in chorus and taste its scenery features.

(2) Reading appreciation, paragraph 5.

1. This paragraph describes the moonlight in the lotus pond, which is a difficult scene to write. What scenery does the author use to write about the characteristics of moonlight in the lotus pond?

Qing: Leaves, flowers, trees, write the characteristics of hazy and ethereal moonlight.

2. Question: Moonlight is a difficult scene. The author uses some vivid verbs (such as "diarrhea", "floating", "washing" and "painting") to describe the perceptual moonlight image. Try to analyze the characteristics of these verbs in context.

Qing: Xie-not only take care of the moonlight with running water, but also write the scene of Yue Hui shining and Xie, which makes the moonlight dynamic. Gone with the wind-write that the water vapor rises slowly from bottom to top in the middle of the night and spreads slowly, write a static scene with a moving scene and describe the light floating state of fog. Wash and write "leaves and flowers" in a milky white and bright state in the moonlight. Painting-there are "artificial" movements in it, as if an invisible hand drew a "beautiful shadow" on the paper, writing the truth and beauty of the moon shadow cast on the lotus leaf.

3. Teacher-student summary: Although this paragraph deliberately writes moonlight, it never forgets the lotus pond everywhere. It uses several vivid verbs to write the hazy scene of fog, leaves and water vapor in the lotus pond under the light moon from different angles, so that the difficult scene seems to be in front of us. Please look at the wall chart and imagine, enter the scene and read the text.

4. Read the fifth paragraph in chorus and appreciate the author's clever way of writing the scenery.

(3) Read and understand the sixth paragraph

1.

2. Question: This paragraph describes the scenery around the lotus pond and takes care of the second paragraph of the text. Try to compare the similarities and differences between these two paragraphs. (Answer after reading and comparing)

Qing: the same: the scenery around the lotus pond is written, and the trees and paths are written.

Different: The second paragraph focuses on the silence and gloom of the small cinder road, which is written very briefly. This passage focuses on trees, from near to far, writing the colors, smoke, distant mountains and lights of trees, and then from static to dynamic, writing cicadas and frogs. Obviously,

3. Question: This paragraph describes the scenery of the lotus pond under the moon. The author chooses some overlapping words (such as far and near, high and low, heavy, yin, fuzzy, etc. ) and try to talk about the beauty of these words in context. (Students answer after reading)

Clarity: far and near, high and low-wrote a patchwork tree, both open and three-dimensional, plain and natural language. Heavy, cloudy and fuzzy-vividly describe the scenery characteristics in a specific environment, not only write out the number of trees, but also strengthen the heavy atmosphere of leaf color.

3. summary.

The use of reduplication not only vividly describes the characteristics of things, but also takes care of the "lush" trees and "gloomy" paths in the second paragraph. It has a distinct rhythm, harmonious rhythm and rich musical beauty. Please read the experience again. 5. Read paragraph 6 in chorus and understand its characteristics.

Eight, familiar with reading, taste 4~6 paragraphs (organize students to enter the scene to read the text)

Nine, homework

1. Read the full text to further understand the structure of the full text and the author's emotional tone.

2. Recite paragraphs 4 to 6.

Second lesson

First, check the recitation (spot check 1 ~ 2 students)

Second, check the understanding of the text structure.

1. Try to describe the structural characteristics of this article in detail based on the content of the text.

Clear: Panorama: The road is quiet, there are many trees, and the moon is bright. I want to walk and see the leaves and flowers go out to see the lotus pond under the moon.

Going home late at night to recall the past, while walking, I remember picking lotus in the south of the Yangtze River and watching four listless street lamps near the tree and far away from the mountain in "Lotus Picking Fu".

"Xizhou Qu" is full of lively cicadas and frogs.

2. From the text structure, all the author's activities are caused by "my heart is quite restless these days", which is the "literary eye" and the key to understanding the full text. Try to discuss backstage why the author is "quite restless". (Can be divided into several groups to discuss and answer)

Qing: (1) Anger of dissatisfaction with reality; (2) Worries about the political situation and personal future; (3) showing a carefree and self-satisfied mind; (4) It shows the author's yearning for a beautiful, free and happy life.

Third, understand the feelings and scenes in the text.

1. Most of the articles we usually read about lotus flowers are rich and bright, but the scenery described in this article is dull and hazy. Scenery is love. Try to talk about your own views according to the text.

Clear: The author visits the lotus pond at night in order to get rid of "quite restless inside" and pursue instant peace. The lotus pond described by the author is a quiet and peaceful scene, which is exactly what the author pursues. In the author's eyes, the scenery of the lotus pond is "just a kind of interest", neither thick nor light, neither unknown nor dark, and everything is so harmonious and comfortable. The pursuit of instant peace is only to temporarily forget, which obviously reflects his dissatisfaction with the reality at that time. The more quiet and comfortable the scenery of the lotus pond is, the more it reflects the "quite uneasy" in my heart. The author naturally integrated this emotion into the beautiful scenery of the lotus pond this month.

2. Guide students to clarify the author's emotional thinking. (Teachers and students * * * with activities)

These days, I feel more agitated-I feel beyond my usual self-I feel like a free man and I will enjoy the boundless moonlight with lotus fragrance-but the excitement belongs to them, and I have nothing-I suddenly think of picking lotus-I really miss Jiangnan.

3. Question: The beautiful scenery of the lotus pond under the moon gives the author a moment's peace, but the chirping of cicadas and frogs breaks his inner peace, and the author's thoughts return to reality from ideal, which seems to be over. Why did he write a scene describing the ancient people picking lotus and remembering Xizhou Song Dynasty? Try to talk about your own views in context. (Guide the students to read aloud and answer after discussion)

Clear: From the full text, this was thought of on the way back from swimming in the lotus pond. Just after swimming in the lotus pond, it is logical for lotus to think of picking lotus flowers. Visiting the lotus pond didn't get rid of the author's agitation, so the author recalled the history and painted a lively and cheerful scene, which not only reflected the tranquility at this time, but also expressed his yearning for a better and free life. "But we are not happy now." History can only be thought about. I also remember that sentence in "Song of Xizhou", which is homophonic and describes the pain of a young woman missing her lover. Just like two paintings, they form a strong contrast between "cold" and "hot" and "static" and "dynamic", and write the inner contradictions and conflicts of an intellectual. The sentence "This makes me miss Jiangnan in the end" is the crowning touch of the full text, which not only evokes homesickness because of memories, but also implicitly reveals the reason why "my heart is quite uneasy". It profoundly and subtly reflects the author's desire to get rid of this uneasy and inescapable great distress.

Fourth, read the full text to understand the depressed mood of an intellectual at that time. Taste the artistic techniques of "situational language" and "emotional language" in the text. Feel the author's concise and accurate language characteristics.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract full text

The author describes a beautiful picture of the lotus pond under the intoxicating moon with artistic brushwork, which is poetic and picturesque. This fresh, beautiful and quiet nature is the author's spiritual refuge.

Sixth, assign homework.

According to the metaphor in the fourth paragraph of the text, write a paragraph describing the scenery.