Lu Xun[1] (1881.9.26-1936.10.19), whose original name was Zhou Zhangshou (later renamed Zhou Shuren), had the courtesy name Yushan and Yuting, and later changed his name to Yucai. Lu Xun was a great proletarian writer, thinker, and revolutionary. He was born in Dongchangfangkou, Fucheng, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, and he was of Han nationality. He lost his father when he was young and lived in poverty, relying on his mother and sister to help others wash clothes to make ends meet. He had more than a hundred pen names. In May 1918, he used "Lu Xun" as his pen name for the first time and published the first vernacular novel "A Madman's Diary" in the history of Chinese literature. His works are mainly novels and essays. His representative works include: the novel collection "Scream" and "Wandering", the historical novel collection "New Stories", the essay collection "Morning Blossoms Picked Up at Dusk" (originally called "Revisiting Old Things"), essays There are 16 collections of poetry, including "Wild Grass", essay collections, "Grave", "Hot Wind", "Huagai Collection", "Nanqianbei Diao Collection", "Sanxian Collection", "Two Hearts Collection" and "Just Collection".

Mr. Lu Xun’s dozens of novels, essays, poems, and essays (first) have been selected into Chinese textbooks and primary school Chinese textbooks. His novels "Blessing" and "The True Story of Ah Q" have been successively included in Adapted into a movie. Lu Xun museums and memorial halls have been established in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xiamen and other places. At the same time, his works have been translated into more than 50 languages ??including English, Japanese, Russian, Spanish, French and German, and have a large number of readers around the world.

Mr. Lu Xun used his pen instead of his sword and fought all his life. He is known as the "soul of the nation". Chairman Mao Zedong evaluated him as a great proletarian writer, thinker and revolutionist, and the leader of the Chinese Cultural Revolution.

[Edit this paragraph] The life and creation of Lu Xun

Mr. Lu Xun was born in a bureaucratic landlord family in Shaoxing, Zhejiang in 1881. When he was 13 years old, he was an official in the capital. His grandfather was imprisoned for imperial examination fraud. After that, his father became ill for a long time and eventually died, and the family fell into decline. Family changes had a profound impact on the young Lu Xun. He is the eldest son of the family. He has a lonely mother and younger siblings. He has to bear the burden of life together with his mother. The innocent and lively childhood life ended in this way, and he prematurely experienced the hardships of life and the ups and downs of the world. He often went to the drug store to pick up the medicine prescribed by the doctor for his father, and took the things to the pawn shop to sell them. When his family was in a good situation, people around him looked at him as a little "gongzi" with admiration, his words were kind and his eyes were tender. Since his family became poor, the attitudes of the people around him have changed: his words are cold, his eyes are cold, and there is a look of disdain on his face. This change in the attitude of the people around him left a deep impression on Lu Xun's soul and had a great impact on his soul. This made him feel that in China at that time, there was a lack of sincere sympathy and love between people. People look at others and things with a "snobbish eye". Many years later, Lu Xun said very sadly: "Is there anyone who has fallen into poverty from a relatively well-off family? I thought that along the way, I could probably see the true face of the world." "Preface to "The Scream""

< p> Family changes and life experiences after the accident also made Lu Xun close to the lower class people since he was a boy. His maternal grandmother's family lived in a rural area, which gave him the opportunity to contact and understand the life of farmers. Especially before and after his grandfather was imprisoned, he had to take refuge with relatives in the countryside and lived in the countryside for a long time. There, he became friends with the children in the countryside, playing with them, boating with them, watching plays together, and sometimes going to their fields to "steal" beans and cook them. There is no mutual discrimination or hatred between them, but mutual care and friendship. Throughout his life, Lu Xun remembered and described his simple and sincere relationship with rural children as the most beautiful relationship between people.

At that time, ordinary scholars took three paths: one was to study and become an official. Those who are not able to become officials can still become a "secret friend" of a certain bureaucrat. If the first two paths fail, they can also go into business. Lu Xun took another path that was most looked down upon by people at the time: entering a "foreign school". In China at that time, this was regarded by ordinary people as a despicable act of "selling one's soul to foreign devils". In 1898, 18-year-old Lu Xun left his hometown and entered the Nanjing Naval School, and later changed to the Nanjing Road and Mine School with 8 silver dollars borrowed by his loving mother in various ways. Both schools were established by the Westernizationists in order to enrich the country and strengthen the army. They offered courses in mathematics, physics, chemistry and other natural sciences. During this period, Lu Xun read works on foreign literature and social sciences, broadening his horizons. In particular, Yan Fu's translation of "On the Evolution of Heaven" by Huxley, an Englishman, had a profound influence on Lu Xun. "Tianyan Lun" is a work that introduces Darwin's theory of evolution, which made Lu Xun realize that the real world is not harmonious and perfect, but full of fierce competition. If a person or a nation wants to survive and develop, it must have the spirit of self-reliance, independence, and self-improvement. We cannot be at the mercy of fate or bullied by the strong.

Mr. Wang’s excellent performance in Nanjing Road and Mine School gave him the opportunity to study abroad at public expense after graduation. In 1902, he traveled east to Japan and began tutoring Japanese at Tokyo Kobun Gakuin, and later entered Sendai Medical College. He chose to study medicine in order to treat patients like his father who had been harmed by quackery, and to improve the health of the Chinese people who were ridiculed as the "sick man of East Asia." Lu Xun wanted to inspire Chinese people's consciousness through medicine.

But his dream did not last long before it was shattered by the harsh reality. In Japan, as a citizen of a weak country, Lu Xun was often highly discriminated against by the Japanese with militaristic tendencies. In their eyes, all Chinese people are "imbecile". Lu Xun's anatomy score was 59 points, and they suspected that Fujino Genkuro, the teacher in charge of the anatomy class, had leaked the test questions to him. This made Lu Xun deeply feel the sorrow of being a citizen of a weak country. Once, in a slideshow shown before class, Lu Xun saw a Chinese man being captured and beheaded by the Japanese army, while a group of Chinese people stood aside and watched the fun as if nothing had happened. Lu Xun was greatly stimulated. By this time he had realized that mental numbness was more terrifying than physical weakness. To change the tragic destiny of the Chinese nation in the world, the first thing is to change the spirit of all Chinese people, and those who are good at changing the spirit of the Chinese people are first of all literature and art. So Lu Xun abandoned medicine to pursue literature, left Sendai Medical College, returned to Tokyo, translated foreign literary works, organized literary magazines, published articles, and engaged in literary activities. At that time, what he discussed most with his friends was the issue of Chinese national character: What is ideal human nature? What is lacking most in Chinese national character? What is its root cause? Through this kind of thinking, Lu Xun put his personal life into perspective. The experience was linked to the fate of the entire Chinese nation, which laid the basic ideological foundation for his later career as a writer and thinker.

While studying in Japan, Mr. Lu Xun initially formed his world view and outlook on life. However, Lu Xun’s thoughts and feelings were not only incomprehensible to most Chinese people at the time, but also difficult to understand among students studying in Japan. got a wide response. The foreign novels he translated could only sell a few dozen copies, and the literary magazine he organized was not published due to lack of funds. The financial difficulties forced Lu Xun to return to China to seek employment. In 1909, he returned from Japan and worked as a teacher in Hangzhou Zhejiang Normal School (now Hangzhou Senior High School) and Shaoxing Fu Middle School. This period was a period of extremely depressed thought for Lu Xun. The Revolution of 1911 in 1911 also made him feel temporarily inspired, but then the historical tragedies such as Yuan Shikai's proclaiming emperor and Zhang Xun's restoration continued to be staged. The Revolution of 1911 did not change the reality of China's stagnation and backwardness, social confusion, national disaster, The misfortunes in his personal marriage life made Lu Xun feel depressed and depressed. After the May 4th Movement, his long-suppressed thoughts and feelings erupted like lava through his literary works. At that time, he was already working in the Ministry of Education and moved to Beijing with the Ministry of Education.

In 1918, he published his first vernacular novel "Diary of a Madman" in the magazine "New Youth". This was the first time he published an article under the pen name "Lu Xun", "Diary of a Madman" " is also China's earliest modern vernacular novel. This novel embodies all of Lu Xun's painful life experiences from his childhood to that time and all his painful thoughts on the modern destiny of the Chinese nation. Through the mouth of a "madman", it denounced the thousands-year history of China's feudal autocracy as a history of "cannibalism" and issued a stern question to the stagnant and backward Chinese society: "This has always been the case, is it right?" and loudly shouted: "Save the child!".

Mr. Wang’s novels are not many in number, but they are of great significance. Lu Xun focused his attention on the lowest level of society and described the daily life and mental conditions of these people at the bottom. This is inseparable from Lu Xun's creative purpose. Lu Xun said: "I draw most of my materials from the unfortunate people in a sick society, which means to expose the suffering of the disease and attract attention to cure it." ("Nanqianbei Diaoji·How do I start a novel") This kind of expression of life The purpose of his creation is to improve life, so he mainly describes the most common tragic fates of the most ordinary people, such as Kong Yiji, Hua Laoshuan, Sister-in-law Shan, Ah Q, Chen Shicheng, Sister-in-law Xianglin, and Ai Gu. These people live at the bottom of society and most need sympathy, compassion, care and love from the people around them. However, in the Chinese society at that time that lacked sincere love, what people gave them was insult, discrimination, indifference and callousness. Is this kind of society a normal society? Is this kind of interpersonal relationship a reasonable interpersonal relationship? What makes us most sad is that they live in a loveless world and are deeply tortured by life, but they have nothing to do with each other. They also lack sincere sympathy and adopt an attitude of indifferent spectatorship or even appreciation for the tragic fate of their own kind, and vent their resentment accumulated when they are oppressed and bullied by bullying those who are weaker than themselves. In "Kong Yiji", there is a blouse customer who maliciously mocks Kong Yiji; in "The True Story of Ah Q", others bully Ah Q, and Ah Q bullies a little nun who is weaker than him; in "Blessing", Lu The villagers in the town regarded the tragedy of Mrs. Xianglin as an interesting story... All of this made people feel a chill to the bones. Lu Xun's attitude towards them was "sorry for their misfortune, angry for their inability to fight". Lu Xun loved them, but he hoped that they would be enlightened, that they could be self-reliant, independent, self-reliant, and possess principles of life.

The gentleman has a deep hatred for the powerful and hypocrites. Ding Juren in "Kong Yiji", Mr. Zhao in "The True Story of Ah Q", Mr. Lu Si in "Blessing", Guo Laowa in "The Everlasting Lantern", the Seven Masters in "Divorce", etc. are all Such images of powerful people. They are powerful, but they have no sincere concern for the fate of others and no enthusiasm for the progress of society. They only care about their own power and status. They are selfish, hypocritical, and callous, hindering the progress and improvement of society.

Si Ming in "Soap" and Master Gao in "Old Master Gao" are fake Taoists and hypocrites. They claim to care about social morality, but in fact they themselves have no moral conscience.

Mr.’s novels describe the ordinary lives of ordinary people. There are no bizarre stories or fascinating plots, but they are full of infinite artistic charm. Where does this charm come from? It comes from his meticulous description of people and life and his penetrating portrayal of people's inner subtle psychology. When reading Lu Xun's novels, I always feel a "joy of discovery". The picture is an ordinary picture, and the characters are ordinary people, but in such an ordinary picture and ordinary characters, we can always notice characteristics that we usually don't notice, and be aware of the psychological activities of the characters that we usually can't notice. It is precisely because of this meticulous description and profound psychological portrayal that the artistic charm of Lu Xun's novels becomes more and more mellow with time. In our youth, we are not deeply involved in the world. The primary and secondary school students in the north are not familiar enough with the local customs and customs such as Lu Town and other Jiangnan water towns and Sanwei Bookstores described in the story. They have not had more personal experience of life. Lu Xun's novels are as a whole Entering the world of our senses, it is impossible for us to feel how rich the connotations are hidden in the characters and pictures we feel. As our social experience increases and our life experience deepens, these characters and pictures The connotation will continue to emerge from it. In order to reveal the different meanings of different life scenes and the fate of different characters, the structure of Lu Xun's novels is changeable, with almost one article following the same style and one article following the other. "Diary of a Madman" is different from "The True Story of Ah Q", "Kong Yiji" is different from "White Light", "Hometown" is different from "Blessing", "The Lonely" is different from "Sorrow". Not only are the structural styles different, but the tone and rhythm are also different. "Kong Yiji" is so simple and solemn, while "Sorrow" is so twists and turns and deeply affectionate. Lu Xun's novels are both novels and poems, with profound artistic conception, cold outside and hot inside. His skill in using national language has reached the level of perfection.

While writing "Scream" and "Wandering", Mr. also created a collection of prose "Picking Up Flowers in the Morning and Dusk" and a collection of prose poems "Weeds". The former was published in 1928 and the latter in 1937. If the novels in "The Scream" and "Wandering" are Lu Xun's grim portrayals of life in real society, intended to wake up the sleeping citizens, the prose in "Morning Blossoms Plucked at Dusk" are Lu Xun's warm memories, a tribute to the people who nourished him. The affectionate remembrance of life, people and things. His childhood nanny, his mother-in-law, Mr. Fujino, who showed him sincere care in a highly discriminated environment, and his old friend Fan Ainong, who had a bumpy life and was aloof and unruly, gave him unlimited fun in the "Baicao Garden", attracting his curiosity. Folk dramas and folk entertainment activities of the heart... All of these are things that reveal bright colors and warmth against the background of this sinister world. It is they who nourished Lu Xun's life. These proses combine lyricism, narration, and discussion. Sometimes they are like a calm harbor, sometimes they are like a rolling sea, sometimes they are like a rushing river, and sometimes they are like a meandering stream. They are in various shapes and forms, embodying Lu Xun's prose creation. artistic achievements. Different from the clear and meticulous prose in "Bloomies Plucked at Dusk", the prose poems in "Wild Grass" present a confusing, strange and beautiful artistic conception. They are like clouds of emotions, spinning and floating in the air, changing into various forms. an unexpected shape. Lu Xun's inner depression turned into a dream and an otherworldly imagination, making "Weeds" a strange flower in Chinese modernist literature. Lu Xun once said to others: "My philosophy is all in "Weeds"." Lu Xun's innermost emotional experience and most mysterious philosophical insights are conveyed through this unique artistic method. Lu Xun's artistic creativity is amazing.

His essays should be the first to most fully reflect Mr.’s creative spirit and creativity. "Zawen" has existed since ancient times, and similar examples can be found in foreign prose. However, only in the history of modern Chinese culture and in the hands of Lu Xun, "zawen" "is a dagger and a spear", and this style of writing has shown its unique characteristics. Unique artistic charm and huge ideological potential. Lu Xun's essays can be said to be an "epic" of modern Chinese culture. They not only record Lu Xun's lifelong battle achievements, but also record the ideological and cultural history of China in Lu Xun's era. When modern Chinese intellectuals want to create new culture and new ideas that are suitable for China's modern development, they encounter people from various classes, various characters, from various angles, and in various ways. slander and attack. Lu Xun's essays were naturally formed in this ideological and cultural struggle with no fixed fronts and no fixed opponents. Since the May Fourth Movement, Lu Xun began to use essays to fight against various arguments against the new culture, but he was still unconscious at that time. Later, some people began to laugh at him for being an "essayist", and then he became more clearly aware of the power of "essays" and began to consciously engage in the creation of essays. Lu Xun said that essays are "the nerve of induction", which can "immediately react or fight against harmful things", thus opening up a winding path for the development of new culture and new ideas in the thorny jungle of old culture and old ideas. The winding road enables it to exist, develop and grow.

Lu Xun wrote "Grave", "Hot Wind", "Huagai Collection", "Huagai Collection Sequel", "Sanxian Collection", "Erxin Collection", "Nanqianbei Diao Collection", "Pseudo Free Letter", "Quasi Feng Yue Tan", "Lace Literature" and "Qie" in his lifetime. There are 15 collections of essays including "Jiejieting's Essays", "Qiejieting's Essays in Two Collections" and "Qiejieting's Essays in the Last Collection". In these 15 collections of essays, Lu Xun extended his writings to various cultural phenomena and various characters from different walks of life. Among them were ruthless revelations, angry accusations, sharp criticisms, and spicy stories. There is sarcasm, witty humor, detailed analysis, decisive judgments, passionate expressions, painful cries, kind encouragement, warm praises, the writing is galloping, the words are brilliant, the forms are diverse and changeable. . It freely and boldly expresses the emotions and emotional experiences of modern people, opening up a broader path for the development of Chinese prose. The status of Lu Xun's essays in the history of modern Chinese literature cannot be denied.

In his later years, he also completed a collection of novels "New Stories" (published in 1936). This collection of novels is based on ancient Chinese myths, legends and historical facts, but it does not stick to the original stories, but adds Lu Xun's own understanding and imagination. Some of them also adopt a writing technique that blends ancient and modern times, making the ancients Have a direct dialogue with modern people. The purpose of Lu Xun's doing this is to enable us to give a vivid and real look to ancient characters through our feelings and understanding of real characters, and also to have a deeper feel and understanding of some real characters through our feelings and understanding of ancient characters. Real face. Through the novels in "New Stories", Lu Xun actually reconstructed China's cultural history, revealed the basis for the existence and development of the Chinese nation, and also reshaped the images of historical figures sanctified by Chinese feudal literati. "Mending the Sky" can be considered the "Creation" of the Chinese nation. In Lu Xun's view, it is not the ancient sages, emperors and generals who truly embody the fundamental spirit of the Chinese nation, but Nuwa, who created the Chinese nation. She is the source and symbol of the vitality of the Chinese nation; "Flying to the Moon" is about the tragedy of ancient heroes. Yi shot down the Nine Suns and saved mankind. However, those selfish and narrow-minded people in the world do not want to inherit and carry forward his heroic spirit. They only want to Using him to achieve his own selfish and narrow purposes, he was plotted by his students and abandoned by his wife; "Forging Swords" expresses the theme of the oppressed's revenge on the oppressors; "Liquing Water" and "Fei Gong" praise In addition to those practical politicians and thinkers in ancient China, Yu and Mo Zhai are the backbone figures of the Chinese nation. Historical figures such as Confucius, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Boyi, and Shuqi also became somewhat ridiculous but still lovely living characters in Lu Xun's writings. Lu Xun's "New Stories" uses absurd techniques to express serious themes and creates a completely new way of writing historical novels.

Mr. Wang has his own brand-new creations in short stories, essays, prose poems, historical novels, and essays. His life was a life of struggle for the survival and development of the Chinese nation. He used his pen to uphold social justice, resist power, protect young people, and cultivate new forces. In the early days, he enthusiastically supported the just struggle of young students, exposed the Duan Qirui government's criminal actions of suppressing the student movement and causing the "March 18th" tragedy, and wrote a series of shocking articles such as "In Memory of Mr. Liu Hezhen"; In the later period, he opposed the Kuomintang government's bloody suppression of communists and progressive youths, joined the Left-wing Writers Alliance and the China Civil Rights Protection Alliance, and wrote a series of articles full of justice, courage and righteousness, such as "For the Memory of Forgotten". "Lu Xun has the hardest bones. He has no trace of servility or obsequiousness. This is the most precious character of colonial and semi-colonial people." (Mao Zedong: "On New Democracy")

1936 On October 19, Mr. Lu Xun died of tuberculosis in Shanghai. Tens of thousands of people in Shanghai spontaneously held a public memorial and funeral, and he was buried in Hongqiao Cemetery of All Nations. His coffin was covered with a flag with the words "National Soul" written on it. In 1956, Lu Xun's body was moved to Hongkou Park and Mao Zedong inscribed the rebuilt tomb of Lu Xun.

Before his death, he made his last words: "1. Don't accept any money for funerals, except for friends. 2. Stop it quickly, bury it, or pull it down. 3. Don't do anything to commemorate it. 4. Forget me and take care of your own life. If not, you are really stupid. 5. If your child grows up and has no talent, he can find some small things to make a living, but he must not become a short-term writer or artist. 6. Don’t take things that others promise you seriously. 7. Don’t get close to those who hurt others but oppose revenge and advocate tolerance. Shakespeare said: “A person’s last words are like deepness. Lu Xun's music has the power to attract attention naturally."

Lu Xun wrote nearly 10 million words in his lifetime, including 16 collections of essays.

Among them, "Hometown", "Kite", "Kong Yiji" and "Two Poems" were selected into the second volume of the second-term curriculum reform textbook.

"From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Bookstore", "Ah Chang and the Classic of Mountains and Seas", "Kite", "Snow", "Mr. Fujino", "Social Opera", etc. have all been selected into the Chinese textbooks of the junior high school People's Education Press.

"Young Runtu (Excerpt from "Hometown")" was selected into the Chinese textbook for the sixth grade of the primary school People's Education Press.

Since 1918, he has published famous novels such as "Diary of a Madman", "The True Story of Ah Q", "Medicine" and "Hometown", which were later included in the novel collection "The Scream".

Mr.'s works (digital version):

He wrote 10 million words in his life, including 6 million words in writings and 4 million words in editing and letters.

[Edit this paragraph] Family background

Date of birth: The third day of August in the Xinsi year of the seventh year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (September 25, 1881)

Youth Lu Xun's birthplace: Born in the Zhou family at Xintaimen, Dongchangfangkou, Kuaiji County, Shaoxing Prefecture, Zhejiang Province. Lu Xun's original name was Zhou Shuren, with the aliases of Yushan, Yuting and Hecai. At the age of thirty-eight, he used Lu Xun as his pen name.

Grandfather: Zhou Fuqing (1838~1904), formerly known as Zhou Zhifu, also named Zhensheng and Jiefu, was a Jinshi of Xinweike in the 10th year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1871), a Shujishi of the Hanlin Academy, and served as The magistrate of Jinxi County, Jiangxi Province, was serving as Secretary of the Cabinet in Beijing at this time. Later he served as Secretary of the Cabinet.

Father: Zhou Boyi (1861 ~ 1896), whose courtesy name was Boyi. He once changed his name to Wen Yu. He was a scholar and lived at home. Died of tuberculosis.

Mother: Lu Rui (1858-1943), the third daughter of Lu Xi, a local official. She was quite open-minded. She was born in an official family in Pingqiao Village, Shaoxing. She never studied, but she was able to achieve through self-study. The ability to read books.

Second brother: Zhou Zuoren (1885-1967), who translated "Greek Mythology" in his later years

Third brother: Zhou Jianren (1888-1984), former governor of Zhejiang Province and National People's Congress Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee.

Family:

In Shaoxing, the Zhou family was considered a prominent family. Not to mention being an official and doing business, the reproduction of the population alone was quite impressive, so by the time Lu Xun was born By that time, the Zhou family had already lived in three places, taking care of each other, and seemed to be a big family. Lu Xun's grandfather, Zhou Jiefu, was born in the Han Dynasty and served as the magistrate of a county in Jiangxi Province. Later, he went to Beijing to serve as secretary of the cabinet and became a standard Beijing official. The city of Shaoxing is not big, and a man like Zhou Jiefu, who is both an imperial scholar and a capital official, can naturally win the respect of ordinary citizens. The horizontal plaque on the door of the Zhou family that reads "Hanlin" clearly declares the special status of the Zhou family. Lu Xun was really lucky. The starting point of his long life was located in such a place that seemed to be quite close to paradise.

This gave Lu Xun a series of conditions that children from poor families could not enjoy. The family has 40 to 50 acres of paddy fields. Even if Zhou Jiefu does not remit a penny from Beijing, his daily livelihood is always more than enough, enough to drive poverty away from him. The Zhou family values ????study. Zhou Jiefu even had the ambition to let his children and grandchildren pass the Imperial Academy together, and hung a plaque on the door that read "Grandparents, Grandchildren, Fathers, Sons, Brothers, Uncles, Nephews, Imperial Academy." The atmosphere of a scholarly family was naturally quite strong. Lu Xun's family There are two large book boxes, ranging from "Commentaries on the Thirteen Classics" and "Four Histories", to "The Complete Works of Wang Yangming" and Zhang Xuecheng's "General Meanings of Literature and History", from "Analysis of Ancient Chinese Prose" and "Collection of Tang Poems", to the Imperial Examination The special "Jingce Tongzong" and even novels such as "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and "Feng Shen Bang" are crowded among them. Not only do I have books at home, but many relatives and relatives also have rich collections of books. Not only are there boring and serious books that are difficult to understand, but there are also many interesting books that children like very much. From the illustrated "Flower Mirror" to the "Dream of Red Mansions" which describes boys and girls, there is almost everything.

Once, a relative even allowed Lu Xun to browse freely in a small room filled with miscellaneous books. The moment he opened the door, the expression on his face would be such a surprise! Lu Xun began to read at the age of six. He first studied with relatives in his family, and later was sent to the most famous Sanwei Bookstore in Shaoxing to read classics, such as "The Analects of Confucius", "Mencius"... and even ancient and difficult exegesis books. "Erya Straight Sound" was also read under the guidance of the school teacher. Naturally, if he had to say it himself, he would not find any joy in studying like this. However, a child is born into the world, has no worries about food and clothing, is influenced by a scholarly family, and has the guidance of a knowledgeable teacher. He can study every day and still learn. Being able to use New Year's money to buy your favorite books to read was really the best condition that children of that era could enjoy.

The Complete Works of Lu Xun

China is a country that pays attention to patriarchy. It has a special preference for parents who are rough and domineering and treat their children as private property. Even if you are born into a wealthy family, if you meet such parents, your childhood will still be ruined and dull. What was Lu Xun's luck? Although Zhou Jiefu had a bad temper and sometimes beat and scolded his children, he seemed quite open-minded when it came to teaching Lu Xun how to read. At that time, the children of ordinary families always read the Four Books and Five Classics directly when they were first enlightened. How painful would it be for a six-year-old child to read "learn and practice it from time to time" every day? Zhou Jiefu was not like this. He asked Lu Xun to read history first, starting with "Jianlue", then "The Book of Songs", and then "Journey to the West", all of which were books that children were more interested in. Even when reading Tang poetry, he would first choose Bai Juyi's relatively straightforward poems, and then read Li Bai and Du Fu. This greatly alleviated Lu Xun's depression of enlightenment. His grandmother loved him especially. Every summer night, she would let Lu Xun lie on the small table under the big osmanthus tree, swinging the banana fan, and tell him stories in the cool breeze, about the cat being the master of the tiger. Xu Xian rescued the white snake. Lu Xun still clearly remembered the interest and satisfaction at that time until his later years. Lu Xun's father, Zhou Boyi, had a serious expression, but was gentler than his grandfather. Although his upbringing was strict, he never spanked his children.

In the "Five Rampant Meetings" in "Morning Blossoms Plucked at Dusk", Lu Xun wrote about one thing about him, that is, when young Lu Xun was as happy as he was, he forced him to endorse it. But in fact, Zhou Boyi did not supervise his sons' study closely. In daily discipline, he is more tolerant. Once, Lu Xun and his younger brother secretly bought a copy of "Flower Classic", which was discovered by Zhou Boyi. They were frightened and desperate because it was an idle book and most children were not allowed to read it: "Oh no, it will definitely be confiscated now." "Unexpectedly, Zhou Boyi turned over a few pages and returned them to them without saying a word, which made them overjoyed. From then on, they could buy leisure books with confidence and no longer have to worry about being a thief. As for her mother Lu Rui, not to mention her deep love for him. Among her children, her favorite was Lu Xun. From a human perspective, parents always love their children. However, due to the bad habits inherited from Chinese people, this kind of parental love often turns into cruel destruction of young hearts. Of course, it cannot be said that Lu Xun did not suffer such torture. The fact that he would later write "Five Rampant Meetings" shows that he also had deep scars in his heart. But overall, he was quite lucky. At least in his childhood, he was often bathed in the gentle and generous love of his elders. Lu Xun once wrote an article in "Weeds" about an incident that happened when he was a child. This article is called "Kite". This article was selected in the first volume of the seventh grade of junior high school.

[Edit this paragraph] Lu Xun and Xu Guangping in Zhou Haiying’s eyes

Perhaps due to political needs, Lu Xun’s family has been portrayed as a cold-looking father for a long time. ", it seems that if he is not cold-blooded, he is not the real Lu Xun, the Lu Xun that society needs. It is true that Lu Xun had a clear distinction between love and hate, but this does not mean that Lu Xun did not have the emotions of ordinary people and did not have his gentle and loving side. I later asked my uncle Zhou Jianren many times: "Have you ever seen my father lose his temper?" He said never. In my eyes, the relationship between mother and father includes two types: one is the reverence of students for teachers, and the other is love and help between husband and wife. My mother helped my father with many things within her ability, such as copying manuscripts, sending letters, packaging, etc. I don’t remember what my mother called father, and I don’t have the impression that she called him from afar. She just walked up to my father when something happened, asked him if he wanted to drink water, or told him that it was time to take his temperature or take medicine. It is a natural state of looking straight up.

My mother was a green leaf to my father and did a lot of work for him. My mother was also a talented woman back then. My mother told me that she later mentioned to her father that she wanted to go out to work. After hearing this, my father put down his pen and sighed: "Then if you go out, I will have to live my old life again..." So my mother gave up her original life. idea. I think Lu Xun was able to create so many masterpieces in the last ten years, and his mother's sacrifice was also involved in them. Although her mother, who wanted to go out to teach, was also very conflicted, she felt that it was worth all the effort to exchange her own sacrifice for her father's creative peak.

Lu Xun had an ordinary appearance, with thick eyebrows and big eyes, and his eyes were somewhat profound. With a thick mustache and neatly raised hair, he looks quite vicissitudes of life. The face is square and humorous. Lu Xun is often very serious in photos, but in fact Lu Xun loves to laugh, and sometimes he can't even hold his pipe when he laughs.

[Edit this paragraph] Mr. Famous Quotes

Poems

1. With cold brows, he points his fingers at thousands of men, but he bows his head and is willing to be a ruzi ox. (Lu Xun·Self-mockery)

2. The meaning is cold and the stars are not noticed, but I recommend Xuanyuan with my blood. (Lu Xun·Self-titled Portrait)

3. Lian Guangyu has a vast mind and listens to thunder in a silent place. (Lu Xun·Untitled)

4. The blood-fertile Central Plains is full of fertile grass, and the cold and frozen earth blooms with spring blossoms. (Lu Xun·Untitled)

5. I can’t bear to watch my friends become new ghosts, and look for poems among the daggers angrily. (Lu Xun. "For the Memory of Forgetfulness")

6. A ruthless man may not be a true hero. How can he not be a husband if he pities his son. (Lu Xun)

7. The brothers are here to survive all the tribulations. When they meet, they will smile and forget their grudges. (Lu Xun inscribed Sanyi Pagoda)

8. There is no pride like the old days, when flowers bloom and fall. (Lu Xun·Mourning Yang Quan)

9. The swansong of the historian, the rhymeless Li Sao.

(Lu Xun commented on "Historical Records")

Lu Xun had a total of 179 pen names***