In the second year, in the first month of 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang officially established the Ming Dynasty as the emperor, and built the Yuan Hongwu. Xu Da and Chang Yuchun's Northern Expedition army first captured Shandong, and then swept across North China from east to west.
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At a time when the Yuan Dynasty was still busy with infighting, the Crown Prince cut and expanded the Jue city of Kutamir and ordered Reuters and Li Siqi to attack Kutamir. In the case that the Ming army constantly attacked the city and plundered the land, the infighting of the ruling class of the Mongolian and Yuan dynasties lasted for half a year. By the time the two sides made peace in August of that year, the Ming army had arrived in the capital.
"Yuan Shi" records:
"Leap moon has been born, Timur has expanded to kill Gao,.
Gengzi and Xu Da were trapped in Weihui Road and Renyin, Ding Wei was trapped in Zhangde Road and Guangping Road.
Renzi, Ming trapped Chang Yuchun in Texas.
After Ding Si settled in Dafu Military Academy, he killed Bo Yan Timur, who was in charge of Dafu Military Academy, and expanded his rank. The crown prince will always be in charge of the world's military forces and rule the state affairs as before.
In the Wuwu period, the Ming army was trapped in Qingzhou, and when they entered zhi gu, the right prime minister also fled quickly. Guihai, Pingzhang, Zhengshi, Anpu and others fought against Ming soldiers in Hexi. defeat
Jia Zi, Chang Yuchun was trapped in Tongzhou, knowing that the Privy Council was defeated and died. "
Chang Yuchun arrived in Tongzhou at the end of August, and the Ming army was already outside the gates of Dadoucheng.
In September of the first year of Hongwu (1368) 10, Yuan Shundi paid tribute to Moore in the Qingning Hall of Dadu Palace, and called the ministers to announce the crossing.
Hearing the news, the officials immediately understood that your majesty was going to give up most of it and run away. Prime Minister Zuo lost his door and knew about the Privy Council. Zhao, a politician and an official, did not object, saying that giving up the capital was tantamount to declaring the demise of the dynasty.
However, it has been decided to make an appropriate date with Moore. That night, the emperor and his party 100 people, including the strange queen, the concubines of Mimiya, the Crown Prince and his wife, senior officials and young members of the royal family, quietly passed through Jiande Gate in the northwest of Beijing and left the capital, leaving a towering wall.
Since then, members of the royal family of the Golden Family have never returned to Dadu. They can only look forward to most of the prosperity in the past in their dreams and memories.
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The next day, the emperor and his party arrived at Juyongguan. The stone wall of Juyongguan is decorated with a beautiful statue of the Buddhist wheel king. As a defensive fortress, Juyongguan not only controls the main post station from the north to the metropolis, but also has political and religious significance. /kloc-in the 1940s, Juyongguan was built to celebrate Yuan Shundi's accession to the throne. At this time, it was left by the emperor himself, and the towering closed door witnessed the collapse of the Yuan Dynasty Empire.
On the third day of Yuan Shundi's departure from Dadu, the first year of Hongwu (1368), the second day of the lunar calendar, and the third day of the Gregorian calendar 13, Xu Da's army soared and occupied Dadu.
According to the Mongolian historical records "Jin Shi" and "The Origin of Mongolia", Yuan Shundi wrote a Mongolian poem when he fled to the north:
My precious and magnificent metropolis is made of all kinds of treasures.
Summer is very comfortable, and the capital is Kaipingkul.
I lost my Tara in the summer camp of ancient saints.
In the year of Wushen, everything is yellow, and the country is wrong!
Nine-color treasures decorated my magnificent metropolis,
I can hold ninety-nine white horses, and I am flat there.
My political and religious happiness has benefited a lot,
Lord of the world, my unfortunate reputation,
Get up early, climb high and overlook, hazy, look back and wait, the scenery is pleasing to the eye,
Whether in winter or summer, living is carefree and happy.
I am Baocheng Metropolis established by Emperor Xuechan!
My metropolis, where my ancestors enjoyed life,
My prince, prime minister, and people who are destined to meet together are all human beings.
It is my regret not to listen to the advice of the Prime Minister.
Listening to the rebel Zhu Ge official is my ignorance!
Killed the wise master tuotuo by mistake,
It's my sin to drive back to Dade's Gulu.
Unfortunately, my reputation as the emperor of the Lord of all nations!
Unfortunately, I enjoy myself!
Built in many ways by Emperor Xue Chan with divine power,
My Dadoucheng, where fortune gathers!
It was taken by Zhu Ge, a Han official!
The notoriety fell on me!
Full of chagrin and regret, but useless.
At the end of this month, Tojo timur and his party braved the cold wind of rain and snow and came to Shangdu. Shangdu was originally the summer capital of the Yuan Dynasty, but now it stands there sadly alone, because under the repeated attacks of the Red Scarf Army, most of the buildings inside and outside the city have been reduced to ashes. In Shangdu, the Emperor of Yuan Dynasty and his party spent the whole winter in frustration.
Tuotuo Timur and his ministers have been thinking of various unreliable ways to turn the situation around: should they recover the metropolis in the future or continue to flee to Hara and the forest? Some ministers want to ask South Korea, an apparent ally, to send troops to help, while others intend to ask Thoumyre to help. At the end of this year, the imperial court really made Thoumyre King of Qi. However, the offensive of the Ming army was like a tide, and Timur was drowned by himself. 1369, 1 year, defeated by Xu Da, a general of the Ming Dynasty in Baoan Prefecture.
All planning is paste, trying and trying, failing and trying again and again. The exiled imperial court fell into an atmosphere of despair, and ministers either indulged in fine wine and lived a dream of death, or devoted themselves to the gentle hometown of Korean beauty. Some ministers also stood up with indignation and rebuked others for their fear of death and mediocrity. At this time, due to the strong pressure of the Ming army approaching, Moore was unable to go to court.
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1in the middle of June, 369, Chang Yuchun was quickly defeated by Ming in Quanningzhou. JOE, Ming army captured Daxing House, and Zhongshu Youcheng in Yuan Dynasty was captured. Li Siqi, one of the few generals who could fight in the Yuan Dynasty, surrendered to the Ming army in Lintao, and the exiled court was forced by the Ming army to continue to flee northward.
1369 At the end of July, Tojo timur and his party left Shangdu and moved to Yingchang. As soon as they left, Chang Yuchun's army occupied Shangdu.
"Yuan Shi" records: "At the end of winter and October, the envoys of the Ming Dynasty wrote calligraphy." Zhu Yuanzhang politely sent Moore a letter of surrender, and the royal family and ministers of the Yuan Dynasty were speechless.
Moore looked at Zhu Yuanzhang's surrender, lamented for a long time, and then wrote a seven-character poem in Chinese with the title "Answer the Lord":
Jinling messengers came across the river, and the desert was full of wind and smoke.
The king's anger sometimes stops, but the emperor's kindness is unclear.
I believe that the sea belongs to the wise SHEN WOO, and I also like talented people in Jiangnan.
Returning to Sincerity Ding Ning said that the spring breeze comes first to Phoenix Terrace.
In his poems, Yuan Shundi didn't say that he was a national subjugator, he just said that he was a master, but this was just to save face and deceive himself. They also hope to get reinforcements from North Korea, but in fact, North Korea has long been in cahoots with and surrendered to the Ming Dynasty. At the end of the year, I finally got sick.
1370, in the third year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, on the third day of the first month in the spring of the 30th year of Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered right prime minister Xu Da, Zhejiang Pingzhang deputy general, right deputy general, ancient suggestion Deng Yu, Li Wenzhong deputy general and Zhongshan deputy general Tang Hehe to send troops to attack the remnants of Yuan Dynasty curled up at the junction of grassland and Central Plains.
This is the first northern expedition of the Ming army to Mongolian grassland, which is divided into two ways: one is to order the general to leave Xi 'an from Tongguan, and the other is to take Wang Baobao from Pound Dingxi (that is, to expand Timur); Li Wenzhong, the deputy general left, was ordered to leave Juyongguan and go to the desert to hunt down Master Yuan. They helped each other and were overwhelmed.
In February, Li Wenzhong went down to Chahan Naoer and defeated Yuan Jun Pingzhang and Zhu Zhen's men.
In the summer of April, Kuo Kuo Timur and Xu Da were at war and were defeated by the Ming army.
1370 On May 23rd, Tito Moore, who suffered from dysentery all the year round, died in Yingchang, where he reigned for thirty-seven years at the age of fifty. Zhu Yuanzhang, the Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, thought that when he fled from most places, he "resigned" and didn't do anything to burn the city, so he politely gave him posthumous title "Shun Di".
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As the son of Moore, the Crown Prince loved Li Dala, and became the emperor as he wished, that is, the later Emperor Zhao Zong. His Royal Highness, the restless prince, received a complete and systematic cultural education in China, and was able to write poems and draw pictures, which was one of the chief culprits of the collapse and demise of the Yuan Dynasty: he tried several times to usurp the throne and fight civil war with the Emperor Taizong, but all failed, which only accelerated the collapse of Dayuan. Fourteen days after Moore's death, on May 21st of the lunar calendar, Li Wenzhong defeated the defenders of Beiyuan in Yingchang County, captured Yingchang and captured thousands of cattle and sheep. Only led more than ten riders to break through and rush out of Helin (now Mongolian Hal and Helin). Since then, the remnants of the Yuan Dynasty have been called the Northern Yuan Dynasty.
La and his concubine, bought by Li Dala's son, were captured by the Ming army, escorted to Nanking and handed over to Zhu Yuanzhang. They stayed in Nanjing until 1374. The son of Emperor Xindi was captured by the Ming Dynasty, and he also lost the huge resources of the Central Plains. His Ministry will also be more and more greedy for imperial power until/kloc-0 died in 378. The great Yuan emperor loved Li Dala, which has always been one of Zhu Yuanzhang's greatest threats.
Love and knowledge have been wandering all their lives and have fallen into the crisis of being abolished and killed several times. After he acceded to the throne, he tried his best to counterattack the Central Plains, but he always failed. Before his death, the only consolation is that he lived longer than Kukutumur (he died in 1375). Timur has always been loyal to Tito Moore. 1365 refused to join the queen of wonders and supported Edala.
This magical queen is Yuan's mother, who is known as Ai You. She was born in North Yuan Shundi, and's Muir did plan to flee to Rhoda Island (now Jeju Island) in the coastal area of North Korea. In the rolling historical trend of the demise of the Mongol-Yuan Empire, Yuan Zhaozong's efforts to counterattack the Central Plains for many years were just small waves that disappeared without rolling a few times. The remnants of the Yuan Dynasty who retreated to the grassland were only separatist forces on the grassland. In April of the 11th year of Hongwu, 1378, Ai Yu learned that Li Dala was dead, with the temple name Zhaozong and Khan's name Bi Lige Tu (meaning "smart" in Mongolian). Ten years later, the Ming army was defeated by Yuan Dynasty in fishing, annihilated more than 70,000 Mongolian cavalry, and captured more than 77,000 men and women, including slaves, concubines and concubines, the second son of the Northern Yuan Emperor, 100, Wu Wang Duo, Dai Da Mary and Pingzhang. Emperor Tuguhun of the Northern Yuan Dynasty was killed by other Mongolian forces on his way to escape. At this point, Beiyuan completely collapsed.
Reference books: History of Yuan Dynasty, History of Ming Dynasty and History of Korea.