So, why did the soldiers stationed in Tokyo defect? What is the final outcome and influence of this mutiny?
(226 mutiny)
1936 On February 26th, Japan suffered the biggest snow in 50 years. On this cold snowy night, 2 1 junior officers of the 3rd Wing of the Japanese First Division and the 3rd Wing of the Guards Division stationed in Tokyo, led nearly 1.500 soldiers in a hurry at 2 a.m. as agreed in advance.
Captain Ito Yoshida, the organizer of the mutiny, admonished the soldiers for the last time. Everyone shouted? Loyal to the emperor and swear to kill traitors? Slogan, singing the song of Showa reform, took out rifles, machine guns and other light and heavy weapons from the resident ordnance factory, quickly ran out of the camp against the raging snowstorm, and quickly surrounded the residence of senior officials of the Tokyo government.
The gang attacked the official residence of the Prime Minister, the private residence of the Minister of Interior, the private residence of the Director of Education, the Metropolitan Police Department, Asahi Shimbun and the hotel where former Minister of Interior Makino Nobuaki stayed at Tangheyuan. At 5 o'clock in the morning, gunshots and explosions resounded throughout Tokyo, and many important officials, including the Prime Minister, the Minister of the Interior, the Director of Education, the Minister of Finance and the Imperial Guard, were attacked.
The first to bear the brunt is the official residence of Prime Minister Okada. Captain An Xiu, the squadron leader, led about 300 infantry machine gun squadrons, carrying 7 heavy machine guns, 4 light machine guns, 1 00 rifles, 20 pistols and nearly 30,000 rounds of ammunition, and rushed into the Prime Minister's Office. The alarm of the Prime Minister's residence sounded, and Jiamao Murakami and others, who served as guards, led their men to fight to the death, but all of them were killed by Kurihara An Xiu's gun.
However, Prime Minister Okada escaped dramatically. When one of Kurihara's men rushed into Okada's residence, his bodyguard was still sleeping and tied up. The soldiers rushed into the house, and a burst of disorderly gunfire woke the secretary of the Prime Minister.
(Escaped Keisuke Okada)
The secretary called the Metropolitan Police for help, but the Metropolitan Police had long been occupied by the mutinous soldiers, and no one answered the phone at all. After many calls, someone finally answered the phone, but there was the voice of the rebels.
At this time, Okada was so scared that he collapsed on the bed and could not escape. Fortunately, the secretary used his quick wits to push him into the bathroom to escape, then put on Okada's clothes himself, ran to the yard and knelt on the ground, shouting? Long live the emperor? .
Because the Secretary-General looked too much like Okada, the rebels mistook him for the Prime Minister and killed him with a burst of disorderly guns. Hiding in the bathroom, Okada didn't dress up as a civilian until the next day, mixed in the funeral procession and escaped.
Interior Minister Saito was hit 47 times by rebels and died on the spot. After the 62-year-old education director Toshiro Watanabe was attacked, he tried to fight back. However, under the fierce fire of the rebels, it was beaten into a hornet's nest and fell from the second floor. Captain Gao Qiao Taro, the rebel leader, was still not Japanese, but he also pulled out his saber and cut off Watanabe's head.
Gao Qiao, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, made the rebels hate each other, because he advocated cutting huge military expenditure. When the rebel appeared at Gao Qiao's bedside, the old man was still snoring loudly. He didn't know that the outside had been turned upside down. A rebel lifted Gao Qiao's quilt. In a flash, the long and short spears, bayonets and sabres greeted Gao Qiao, and he was killed instantly.
Suzuki, the captain of the guard, was regarded as a naval hero in the Russo-Japanese War by Japanese militants, and the rebels met with stubborn resistance from the guard in his mansion. The fighting lasted for more than 10 minutes, and finally the rebels broke through the guard's line and fired three shots at Suzuki. Just when someone wanted to repair the gun, Mrs. Suzuki jumped on Suzuki. Because she is Hirohito's nanny, the rebels dare not be presumptuous, which saved the injured Suzuki and helped him get back his life.
In addition, the rebels blocked the army province, the army general staff and the police department, and further occupied the stations of various provincial offices and newspapers of the Japanese central government.
(Emperor Hirohito)
Emperor Hirohito was awakened in his sleep. He immediately ordered a firm crackdown and growled at the secretary of the army who tried to mediate. If the army doesn't suppress it, then I will use my personal expedition to destroy the rebels. ? Now that the emperor has made a qualitative statement about the mutiny, there is no reason for the army to shirk it. So on the 28th, Hajime Sugiyama, the army's undersecretary, issued an order to suppress the rebels, and the mutiny was quickly quelled.
12 In July, 15 officers involved in the mutiny were sentenced to death. In August of the following year, two civilians were also shot, and nearly 100 other people involved in the mutiny were sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment.
The 226 incident? The outbreak of the epidemic is closely related to Japan's domestic economic situation and political struggle.
September 18th Incident? After that, Japan's domestic economy did not improve, but was hit hard by the war of aggression against China and the international economic crisis. By 1936, the life of the bottom people in Japan is even more difficult. In addition to being busy in summer, they have to go out to work to make money during the slack season to cope with the increasingly severe domestic economic situation. On the contrary, Japan's upper class lives in luxury, completely ignoring the sufferings of ordinary people, and all they do is fight for power and profit and attack each other. By virtue of their industrial advantages, major consortia ruthlessly exploit the bottom people, forming a huge gap between the rich and the poor in Japan.
At the same time, there are two factions in the history of Japanese militarism, one is the imperial faction and the other is the control faction. The two factions are incompatible with each other. 1934, when the control faction gained the advantage and had absolute leadership in the army, it began to purge the imperial group. Most officials of the Imperial Group were either demoted or transferred abroad, which made the Imperial Group panic and tried to use the mutiny to save the decline.
In this way, under multiple factors, 226 mutiny? The incident finally made the imperialists completely lose power and influence in politics, which was conducive to the control of tojo hideki and others and ensured that the Japanese fascist forces were pushing the war.
226 mutiny? On the one hand, it accelerated the pace of Japanese imperialism towards militarism, on the other hand, it also accelerated the rapid decline of Japan, thus falling into the abyss of perdition.