Like stars of different sizes, black holes have different masses and sizes. Theoretically, the smallest black hole can reach the quantum level, but astronomers often see black holes produced by star collapse, which is the so-called star-level black holes. Although their mass is only dozens of times that of the sun, if there are other massive stars around a star-level black hole, it will get fatter and fatter and eventually become a 100 to 6544.
Astronomical observation results show that in addition to stellar black holes, there is also a supermassive black hole in the central region of each galaxy, such as Sagittarius A*, which is 4.3 million times the mass of the sun in the center of the Milky Way, and the central black hole of M87 galaxy, which was shot in 20 19, 55 million light years away and 6.8 million times the mass of the sun. It is these supermassive black holes that maintain the stability of stars by their own gravity.
However, at present, the most massive black hole in the universe is not located at the center of the galaxy, but at the center of the quasar TON6 18. Unlike galaxies with hundreds of billions of stars, quasars usually located tens of billions of light-years away are generally regarded as the "predecessors" of galaxies, which means that quasars will evolve into ordinary spiral galaxies and elliptical galaxies with the gradual depletion of "fuel" near the core.
As for TON6 18, it is 0.04 billion light years away from the Earth, and its mass is 66 billion times that of the sun. Imitating the analogy of "What will the solar system look like when the stars exchange with the sun", the radius of the horizon reaches19.2 billion kilometers, which is 27,600 times that of TON 6 18 if exchanged with the sun. Then all the celestial bodies in the whole solar system will be located inside the black hole, so the solar system with a radius of one light-year may be "filled" by this black hole if it reaches the accretion disk of TON 6 18.
Thanks to the appearance of the first black hole photo, many people now know that a black hole is a strong gravitational field that even light can't escape, but this is not very accurate, because the really invisible black hole is only a part of the whole black hole system, and the remaining accretion disks and black hole jets are one of the brightest celestial bodies in the universe. For example, the luminosity of the accretion disk of TON 6 18 is 140 trillion times that of the sun, so astronomers can see it from the earth through 104 billion light years, to be precise, 104 billion years ago.
Before Hawking put forward his theory of "black hole evaporation", the scientific community thought that a black hole was an eternal celestial body in the universe, because its escape speed was faster than the speed of light, and even photons could not escape from the black hole with energy, so the black hole could not lose energy. However, quantum mechanics believes that there are always endless quantum fluctuations at the micro level, and the surrounding black holes are no exception.
Therefore, after combining micro quantum mechanics with macro general relativity, Hawking found that the quantum fluctuation at the edge of the black hole's horizon would take away the black hole's mass, that is, energy. If a black hole has no accretion disk or no matter to swallow, from the outside, the black hole will radiate energy due to quantum fluctuations, and the mass and volume of the black hole will decrease with time and eventually disappear into the universe.
However, this energy release process called Hawking radiation is also closely related to the quality of black holes. The smaller the mass, the stronger the Hawking radiation of the black hole and the shorter its life span, which is why physicists are not afraid of the black hole produced by the collider. The natural black holes in the universe, especially supermassive black holes, are very weak to them. In the days when the universe continues to exist, they will not disappear because of Hawking radiation.
In fact, from the perspective of the universe, it is unlikely that the story will happen between the solar system and the black hole, because the nearest black hole HR 68 19 is 1000 light years away. Although some astronomers believe that in the future, as the solar system continues to rotate around the center of the Milky Way, it may encounter black holes wandering in the Milky Way, but the distance between celestial bodies in the universe is very long, and black holes will only threaten celestial bodies in the horizon, so even if black holes pass through the solar system, as long as there is no,