1, universal suffrage
All citizens who have reached the voting age generally enjoy the right to vote, except those who are deprived of political rights. Although the bourgeoisie first put forward the slogan of "universal suffrage", it was used to mobilize the people to participate in the struggle against feudal autocracy.
According to the electoral system of the People's Republic of China, all citizens who have reached the age of 18 have the right to vote, regardless of nationality, race, sex, occupation, family background, religious belief, education level, property status and length of residence, except those who have been deprived of political rights according to law.
2. Equal elections
Voters participate in the election on the basis of equality. Each voter has only one vote in an election, and each vote is equally valid. Western countries have always implemented the principle of "one person, many votes". For example, in Britain, the plural voting system is implemented, that is, voters can vote in the constituency where they live, and if they have a certain amount of property or reach a certain level, they can vote again in the constituency where they work or university is located.
This unequal electoral qualification was not abolished until 1948. "One person, one vote, one price" has become a principle widely adopted by all countries. This principle has also been adopted in People's Republic of China (PRC)'s electoral system.
3. Direct and indirect elections
Direct election refers to the direct election of representatives (parliamentarians) or other public officials of state representative organs by voters. Indirect election means that voters elect representatives or electors, and then the representatives or electors elect representatives or state officials at the next higher level. In the parliaments of western countries, MPs are generally directly elected by voters;
Members of the upper house or the president, some countries adopt direct elections, while others adopt indirect elections. According to its vast territory, large population, inconvenient transportation and low level of economic and cultural development, People's Republic of China (PRC) implements an electoral system combining direct elections with indirect elections.
That is, deputies to the people's congresses below the county level are directly elected and deputies to the people's congresses above the county level are indirectly elected. This system is conducive to the people to truly elect representatives they know and trust.
4. secret voting
Also known as secret ballot. It means that voters do not sign the ballot papers, and the ballot papers filled in are not open to others, and they personally put their votes into the ballot box. Secret voting helps voters to express their wishes more truly.
France began to recognize secret voting during the18th century revolution. During the American War of Independence (1775 ~ 1783), new york's Constitution had stipulated secret voting. Later it was adopted by many countries. People's Republic of China (PRC) and people's congresses at all levels are elected by secret ballot.
Extended data:
The party's electoral system:
Party constitution and relevant documents stipulate the system for electoral representatives to participate in congresses and leading organs at all levels. Including the principles, procedures, methods and relevant regulations that must be followed in conducting inner-party elections. Inner-party elections should fully reflect the wishes of voters. The election was held by secret ballot.
The list of candidates should be fully discussed by party organizations and voters. Formal elections can be conducted directly by means of differential elections in which the number of candidates is more than the number of candidates to be elected. You can also use the method of differential election to conduct pre-selection, produce a list of candidates, and then conduct formal elections.
Voters have the right to know the candidates, the right to ask for the replacement of candidates, and the right to choose others instead of any candidate. No organization or individual may force voters to vote or not to vote in any way.
If the election of local Party congresses and grass-roots congresses violates party constitution, the Party committee at a higher level shall, after investigation and verification, make a decision that the election is invalid and take corresponding measures, report it to the Party committee at a higher level for examination and approval, and formally announce its implementation.
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