Psychological problems of contemporary middle school students and their countermeasures

With the increase of the number of only-child groups, the complication of family problems and the acceleration of the update of modern concepts, quality education, especially mental health education, has become a new topic in school education, which is a means and an effective way to help students correctly handle their study, life, career choices and interpersonal relationships and cultivate a sound personality. The author thinks: firstly, young students should learn some psychological knowledge, promote their own understanding and improve their self-education ability; But also good for future study and life; Secondly, young students should understand the standards of mental health, establish a correct attitude towards life, cultivate a satisfactory attitude, form a good personality and a unified personality, and always maintain a warm and optimistic mood. In addition, the author believes that psychological counseling is also an important way to promote the formation of students' correct cognitive structure and emotional attitude model.

The basic task of middle school students' psychological quality education is to fully develop and improve students' psychological potential according to the psychological development law of teenagers, so as to promote the improvement of students' overall quality and the harmonious development of personality. Modern education needs high-tech talents as well as excellent talents with both ability and political integrity. Quality education is no longer a growing demand, but has been put on the agenda. From family to society, attention to education is everywhere. However, we also have to notice that with the increase of the number of only-child groups, the complexity of family problems and the acceleration of the renewal of modern concepts, quality education, especially psychological quality, needs urgent attention from educators. Mental health education is a new topic of moral education, and it is an effective way to help students correctly handle their study, life, job selection and interpersonal relationships, and cultivate a sound personality.

Middle school students should learn some psychological knowledge.

1. Psychology is a science that studies the objective laws of the occurrence and development of human psychological phenomena. Psychological knowledge is of great benefit to learning, which can promote students to know themselves and improve their self-education ability. After learning psychological knowledge, if middle school students can learn according to psychological laws, their academic performance will be greatly improved. For example, learning the laws of memory can solve the problems of inattention and desertion in class; By learning the law of thinking, we can solve the problems of memorizing, memorizing and memorizing; Learning the law of intentional attention can make you open-minded, sharp-minded, and more creative. You can also adjust your mood before the exam, eliminate your nervousness, and easily go to the examination room.

2. Psychological knowledge can also answer a difficult problem in middle school students' thinking and life, so as to know themselves more deeply and realize self-knowledge, self-development and self-improvement. For example, learning knowledge about personality can help you understand your personality, thus correcting the bad side of your personality and exercising and perfecting your personality; By learning the knowledge of emotions, you can learn how to adjust and sublimate your emotions. By studying the psychological problems of adolescence, we can understand the psychological changes of adolescents, so as to take the initiative to master their own psychology and spend adolescence safely and smoothly.

3. Learning psychological knowledge can not only improve yourself, but also help to correctly handle interpersonal relationships. Because when you understand your own psychology, you also learn to understand the psychology of your classmates, so that you can take corresponding attitudes towards students with different temperament and personality, thus preventing unnecessary contradictions and strengthening friendship with your classmates.

Psychology is widely used and permeates all walks of life. No matter what kind of work students will be engaged in in in the future, it is beneficial to learn some basic knowledge of psychology now. The future construction of the motherland needs a generation of young people with higher psychological quality. For the present and future of students, middle school students should learn a little psychology.

2. Maintain mental health and learn to be the master of emotions.

If you ask a middle school student, "Are you healthy?" He might say, "Of course I'm healthy. You see, I am as strong as a calf and have never been sick. " However, health should not only refer to physical health, but also include mental health. Strictly speaking, only physical health is not health, because health is not only physical health, but also mental health. The United Nations World Health Organization put forward a resounding slogan: "Half of health is mental health!" And explain: health not only means that a person has no disease, but also means that a person has good physical, mental and social adaptability. In other words, health is evaluated from three aspects: physical, mental and social adaptation. Now many middle school students have some psychological problems. Such as timidity, melancholy, withdrawn, dependence, nervousness, bad interpersonal relationship, etc.

So, what is mental health? What is the standard of mental health? The index of physical health is clear and easy to judge, while the judgment of mental health is more difficult because mental health has obvious relativity and fuzziness.

Mental health is relative, and absolute health does not exist. People are at a certain point in the middle of the continuous line between healthy and extremely unhealthy ends, and people's mental health state is dynamic, not static. People's mental health can change from relative health to health, and also from relative health to less health. Therefore, whether mental health is a reflection of a specific state in a specific period should not be considered as fixed and eternal. In addition, a person's occasional unhealthy behavior and psychology does not mean that he is psychologically unhealthy. Mental health should point out the long-term continuous state, rather than just looking at temporary accidental phenomena, so as to draw the conclusion that mental health is unhealthy. Psychological standard is a developing cultural concept, which will change with the development and change of society and also with different social and cultural backgrounds.

The standard of mental health should include the following aspects:

1, a correct attitude towards life.

A correct attitude towards life comes from a correct understanding and a correct world outlook. People who have a correct attitude towards life have a clear understanding and judgment of the things around them, that is, they have lofty ideals and the spirit of seeking truth from facts, so they can keep up with the pace of the times in the period of social change, with a clear mind, a broad vision and a firm stand, which is neither conservative nor rash ... In short, the correct attitude towards life enables them to analyze and deal with problems objectively and steadily, keep pace with the times and have a mentality.

2. A contented mind

Satisfied emotions are an important part of healthy psychology. Mentally healthy people are satisfied with themselves, others, work, study and life, and have no psychological obstacles. Satisfaction comes from correct understanding, because they can discuss people and things in two ways, so they can accept themselves and others. He is self-aware and has a correct analysis of his appearance, virtue and knowledge. When they are surrounded by other people's comments, they will not be carried away by praise and praise, nor will they be troubled by criticism and accusation, because they know themselves like the back of their hand and can learn useful things from other people's comments. They are neither conceited nor inferior. Have a clear understanding of yourself and won't be overwhelmed by other people's comments. They are always in an independent state. They also have an objective and comprehensive evaluation of others, and will not be hot and cold, nor will they be harsh on others. They also have correct standards for work, life and study. They are neither ambitious nor eager for quick success, so their mood is always satisfied and happy.

3. Harmonious interpersonal relationship

People who are willing to communicate can often gain respect, trust and friendship through mutual communication. This is because they treat others with the same attitude, thus reducing many unnecessary contradictions. People who are kind to others can understand each other, have harmonious feelings and coordinate with each other. Harmonious interpersonal relationships will certainly make you feel more comfortable and mentally healthy.

4. Good personality and unified personality

A good personality is an important symbol of mental health. No matter what the circumstances, we should maintain a unified personality, be confident but not arrogant, be enthusiastic but not frivolous, be tenacious but not stubborn, be polite but not hypocritical, be flexible but not oily, be brave and not reckless, have the spirit of sticking to the end, be not stubborn, always maintain a strong will, be honest and upright, and be modest and cheerful.

5, mild mood, full of reason

The difference between humans and animals is that they are rational. A healthy mind must have the ability of self-control,

There are moderate emotions, but there are sadness, joy, worry and anger. We should overcome negative emotions with positive emotions, and don't maintain negative emotions and excessive emotions for a long time. We must always maintain a passionate, optimistic and uplifting mood, and do not reduce the feelings of lewdness, tears and pessimism, and we are not willful.

Third, pay attention to psychological counseling to promote students' all-round development.

Middle school students are in adolescence, which is an important age stage of life development. In the process of changing from immature childhood to mature adolescence, there will be all kinds of contradictory psychology. Therefore, it is very necessary for psychological counseling teachers to help them successfully and safely spend adolescence and turn this period into the "best period" for study and the "golden age" for life. To understand what psychological counseling is, we must first make clear what psychological counseling is not. Psychological consultation is not ideological and political education, and psychological education is not equal to moral education. There may be some teaching in the process of psychological counseling, but if there is only teaching or preaching, it is definitely not psychological counseling. Psychological counseling is not only logical analysis, making suggestions and helping the parties solve problems. Psychological counseling is not an ordinary meeting, nor is it a social conversation, nor is it accusation, criticism, lobbying, ridicule or intimidation; As for comforting and explaining with sympathetic attitude and behavior, it is not psychological counseling.

The so-called psychological counseling is an educational process that helps students develop and improve their personality in a planned way and prevents them from going astray. The goal of psychological counseling is to guide students to form a positive psychological state and make them develop healthily. "Psychological consultation" and "hotline" are both methods of psychological consultation, but teachers are often in a "passive state". How to change "passive" into "active"?

1. Learn to listen

A survey shows that 30% of primary and middle school students talk to their parents first, only 3.3% talk to their teachers first, and 29.7% don't talk to anyone. Is the child unwilling to talk to the teacher or parents? They said, "It is our nature to love to play. Whenever we come into the classroom with full joy and smile after playing the ball, the teacher always says that we should put all our energy into our study ... "It can be seen that the key for children to speak their minds is adults. The function of moral education in modern education is realized through information feedback. Speaking from the heart is an important chain of education, so it becomes an indispensable information channel. Teachers should be good at listening to students' voices and take this as a breakthrough to carry out targeted education.

2. Set the situation skillfully

With the improvement of modern living standards, today's children are loved by families and society. They were praised more and criticized less when they were young. Excessive protection makes them not know what it is like to be frustrated, and they are at a loss and panic in the face of difficulties. In education, we can skillfully create situations, such as setting difficult problems and creating setbacks, so that students will not be timid and helpless in the process of achieving their goals, nor will they be plain sailing and easy, but they will have to work hard and overcome certain difficulties to obtain them, thus enhancing their psychological endurance and knowing how to meet difficult challenges in order to adapt to the future fiercely competitive society.

Health is not only the absence of physical defects and diseases, but also a perfect physiological and psychological state and social adaptability. It can be seen that psychological quality has become an indispensable content and goal of people's comprehensive quality. School education should pay attention to students' mental health and shape students' healthy psychology and sound personality to meet the new challenges of life.

How to overcome shyness

In daily work, it is considered to be shy to blush easily and speak quietly. When talking with strangers, shy people will feel embarrassed and uncomfortable about the topic and eye contact in the conversation. It is difficult to express their opinions, and their shy personality becomes an obstacle in their work. What should we do?

How to overcome shyness?

There are several reasons for shyness:

1, some people are naturally timid and introverted because of their personality;

2, misunderstanding, afraid of making a fool of yourself in front of people, which is detrimental to your face;

3. Some people have suffered several setbacks in social communication;

Some people hold the traditional conservative thought that "if you talk too much, you will lose".

Shy people are bound by these reasons.

As young people, shy people often miss the opportunity to make progress, lose many friends who could have made good friends, miss the possibility that your boss or teacher knows you, miss the opportunity to display their talents, and so on. So, how to overcome shyness? ,

1, trying to transform the negative factors in personality.

The formation of personality temperament includes congenital factors and acquired factors, and acquired practice plays a decisive role. Therefore, personality and temperament can be changed and exercised. Communicate with familiar people, try to speak freely and communicate naturally.

2. Overcome inferiority complex.

Dare to face up to your shortcomings and deficiencies, but don't be swayed by those unnecessary things. For example, physical defects do not affect his talent, and not eating does not mean not socializing. So, don't let your minor and individual shortcomings lead you to deny your main aspect or completely deny your main aspect.

3. Change the way you speak.

Shy people should change their indifference to others. When people encounter difficulties in communication, they can ask some open questions and some casual topics can create a good atmosphere.

In short, as long as you have the confidence to change, you can overcome shyness through hard work.

Giving up is also a kind of psychotherapy.

It is very important to emphasize self-acceptance in psychological counseling. When visitors accept themselves, many problems are solved.

Sometimes I meet some visitors like this:

"I don't think I have enough leadership. Although I am a squad leader from elementary school to college, I feel that I am not domineering enough and not as appealing as others. "

"I feel quite depressed. Since my freshman year, I have only won two third-class scholarships, one second-class scholarship and even one first-class scholarship. "

"I feel that my personality is very problematic. I am introverted and often don't know how to greet leaders. When I speak on the stage, I get nervous easily, too. "

"I ..."

All kinds of strange theories can be summed up in one sentence, that is, "I have a problem."

When I earnestly advise these people to give up treatment, many people will look at me strangely:

"Why give up treatment?"

I have to explain to them, because many times giving up treatment is also a kind of psychotherapy.

Morita once said that the essence of all neurosis is hypochondriasis. Many perfectionists aim high, but they also pay too much attention to defects. They will derive from their dissatisfaction with the world to their own dissatisfaction, especially their own personality. So they came to consult and tried their best to change themselves.

"I have a question."

Sometimes they feel inferior, because they are really tortured by their own thoughts, and sometimes I think they are actually very proud, because they are demanding themselves with perfect standards beyond ordinary people and refuse to give up. For them, becoming an ordinary person seems to be a failure. They just don't realize it.

Nor do they realize that the behavior they come to consult and try to improve is actually part of the problem.

This is a relatively circuitous logic:

Your problem is to suspect that you have a problem-> you come to consult-> prove or strengthen your problem-> the problem is aggravated.

Give up treatment->; You have changed your attitude towards yourself and your shortcomings-> you are no longer obsessed with your own problems-> the problems are getting better.

In this way, giving up treatment may be a kind of psychotherapy they need. It has an alias, which is self-acceptance.

Of course, it is not enough to give up psychological counseling. More importantly, give up the anxiety of being ready for treatment in life. This calm attitude after giving up treatment is exactly what many visitors want to achieve when they come to treatment.

Some people may ask, what is wrong with pursuing progress? If we all give up treatment, how can we make progress?

The mistake is that we regard our dissatisfaction and anxiety as the driving force to push ourselves forward and refuse to let go. Sometimes it is a kind of motivation, but not necessarily, there are side effects.

Real progress is not so anxious self-doubt, but the joy of progress with self-acceptance. Real progress is not driven by self-dissatisfaction and anxiety, but attracted by beautiful goals. Real progress is not so urgent. We work hard silently and wait patiently for it to blossom and bear fruit. If we are really sick, we live with symptoms and believe that growth will happen naturally.

This is the meaning of self-acceptance

How to eliminate tension?

Tension is a common emotion. Unless you have psychological problems, you will always encounter nervous situations. But some people are good at coping with nervousness, while others are at a loss when facing their own nervousness. Maybe you have to ask how to eliminate tension. Let's try the following methods, and you can also learn to cope with nervousness.

Massage your temples and foreheads: I suggest you learn a set of eye exercises, and do one when you are tired, so that your temples and foreheads will be massaged and your nervousness will be relieved.

Muscle feedback method: through muscle relaxation, the relaxation signal is fed back to the brain, and then the tension controlled by the brain can be alleviated. The specific way is to hold hands tightly and use your arms hard. You can even tighten every muscle with your whole body strength for one minute or longer. When you feel tired, relax your muscles and stretch your limbs. Do nothing and stay for a few minutes. If you still feel nervous, you can repeat the tension-relaxation process above.

Image dialogue method: the name is very abstract, in fact, this is the way we use to alleviate negative emotions. The specific way is to say something to comfort yourself when you are nervous. For example, when you are about to enter the examination room, you will definitely feel nervous. You should tell yourself that everyone will be nervous, and moderate nervousness will improve our exam results. People who are good at regulating emotions can use the image dialogue method flexibly.

Macro-micro transformation method: this method is also very simple to do. We often feel nervous when thinking about some macro issues. For example, when you make a study plan for a semester, you will feel nervous. This is because you feel that there are so many things to do in a study, and the pressure naturally arises. In order to reduce the sense of tension, we can micromanage macro things, instead of making a plan for the whole semester, making a plan for a week, and then implementing it after finishing the plan for a week. Then make a plan for next week. This is a microscopic process.

Humor: Humor has a magical effect on eliminating tension. Studies have found that people who are nervous are more likely to laugh. In fact, laughter has become a way to vent tension. So when you are nervous, it is helpful to listen to Degang Guo's cross talk. If you are a person with a sense of humor at ordinary times, you can show it to relieve tension.

When you are anxious and nervous, don't take it out on others: nothing can hurt yourself more than taking it out on others. Because this will only lead to more serious emotional tension. Pay more attention to rest when you are nervous. No matter how stressful you are during the day, at night, you should keep your mind at peace anyway, because nervousness will lead to insomnia and make you more nervous.

In addition, William Walter, a representative figure of experimental psychology, once put forward the "introspection method" to overcome nervousness. In other words, when you are extremely nervous, you can first find an empty corner and secretly say your nervousness: "I am nervous, I am afraid, and I am at a loss." When these things are said, many people find that the tension has been effectively alleviated. This is the result of pressure release.

Nervous, but also because of your youth. Everyone has a lush life, and everyone has tried the taste of "neuroticism" all his life. When your heart is huddled up, don't be afraid to tell yourself that "I'm not nervous" joke, hehe, smile and relax a lot.

;