19 19 April 1 Weimar, Germany established a design school, which is the first school in the world to train modern design talents. Although it only existed for 14 years, its influence on modern design and education in Germany and even the world is immeasurable. It laid a modern design education system in theory and practice, trained a large number of outstanding design talents, and became the birthplace of European modernist design movement in the early 20th century.

Bauhaus went through two main stages of development:

① Weimar period (19 19- 1924),

(2) Dessau period (1925- 1933), whose name comes from the location of the academy.

Gropes Wu Si (19 19- 1927) was its founder and the first principal. The second principal is Meyer (1927- 1930). The third headmaster is Van der Rohe (193 1- 1933). They were all famous German architects and pioneers of modernist design at that time, and made great contributions to Bauhaus.

At the beginning of the 20th century, driven by the rapid development of large industries, the modernist design movement in European countries was in the ascendant. Gropes Wu Si was keenly aware that a new and specialized design school should be established to train design talents needed by industrial society. He repeatedly suggested to the government to set up a design school centered on architectural design, and the Weimar government agreed in 19 19. On the basis of merging Weimar Academy of Fine Arts and Weimar Technical School, Bauhaus College was established. Its full name in German is "Des Staatliches Bauhaus", that is, "national Bauhaus". Gropaz Wu Si combined German words Bau and haus to create Bauhaus, which means a new architectural design system, but its design education content includes all industrial design centered on architecture.

Gropes Wu Si personally drafted the Bauhaus Declaration, and determined its design purpose as "the unity of art and technology". Bauhaus explored in practice and established the basic viewpoint and educational direction of modern design:

The purpose of design is people, not products.

② Design must follow objective and natural laws. Its educational system, design theory and design style are gradually matured and perfected in practice.

Bauhaus's main teaching content consists of art and technology. Its early teaching system can be called "factory apprenticeship", with students as apprentices, teachers taking art form classes as "form instructors" and teachers taking craft and handicraft production classes as "studio masters". Each class is taught by two teachers. The school also opened carpentry, ceramics, weaving and printing studios for students to practice, so that they have both artistic and technical abilities. One of Bauhaus's most important achievements is to establish the basic education system of plane composition, three-dimensional composition and color composition in design education, which is based on scientific and rigorous theory.

1923 During August and September, Bauhaus held a large-scale exhibition entitled "New Unity of Art and Technology". Teachers' and students' works attracted famous European artists and designers, so as to carry out various academic exchange activities, publicize Bauhaus' design ideas and push the European modernist design movement to a climax. At that time, GroPaz uz delivered a speech entitled "On Comprehensive Art" and sent his book "Bauhaus's Imagination and Organization". Later, he made a great reform in teaching, taking mathematics, physics and chemistry as compulsory courses, which made the teaching system develop in a more reasonable and scientific direction and more suitable for the needs of large-scale industrial production.

Due to the persecution of the right-wing political forces, Bauhaus moved to Dessau in March 1925, and began the second stage of its development.

1926 added the affiliated name of "School of Design" to the name of the school, which further clarified the nature of the school. Teaching is no longer carried out by formal tutors and studio masters, but by hiring skilled craftsmen to assist professors. The professors of Bauhaus in Dessau are mainly graduates of our college, such as Bayeux and others.

1925, published by Bauhaus.

1927 the department of architecture was established, with the famous Swiss architect Meyer as the head of the department. This is the heyday of Bauhaus.

1February, 928, Gropetziuz resigned and recommended Meyer as the principal. He carried out a large-scale reform, strengthened the courses of architecture department, set up a music department, added a photography major and added a sociology course to encourage students to actively contact the society. His progressive political stance caused dissatisfaction with the authorities, and he was forced to resign on 1930. On the recommendation of Gropetz Uz, the famous German architect Vandelo became the third president. He continued to reform, improve the education system centered on architectural design, and strive to depoliticize the college.

1932, after the Nazi school was destroyed, it was forced to close and moved to Berlin, named "Bauhaus Institute for Independent Education" and continued teaching in an abandoned telephone company.

1June, 933, Hitler came to power. In April, the then Ministry of Culture ordered the closure of Bauhaus, and Nazi military police forcibly occupied the school. 10 In August, Vandelo announced the permanent dissolution of Bauhaus. Bauhaus is the cradle of modern design. The practical, rational and concise industrial design style advocated and practiced by Bauhaus is regarded as the classic style of modernist design, which has exerted an indelible influence on the design in the 20th century.