Qu Qiubai, 1899, a native of Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. His ancestors used to be a noble family in Yixing. Qu Qiubai, a gifted boy, wrote a composition when he was studying in Guan Ying primary school. The teacher gave him full marks and recommended it to the principal. Because of his good handwriting, the headmaster added five points.
Young Qu Qiubai was in financial difficulties, and her mother Jin Xuan committed suicide by taking poison. Under the double blow, Qu Qiubai dropped out of school to teach and support his family. Later, with the support of relatives, Qu Qiubai entered Wuchang Foreign Language School. A year later, Qu Qiubai was admitted to the Free Russian Museum of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to study Russian. During my study, I came into contact with Marxism, joined the Marxist research society initiated by Li Dazhao and Zhang Songnian, and participated in the May 4th Movement. In the revolutionary struggle, Qu Qiubai became a revolutionary.
1920, Qu Qiubai went to Moscow for an interview and was received by Lenin twice. After China class was specially offered at Moscow Oriental University, Qu Qiubai served as a translator and teacher, while Ren and Xiao were all students from Qu Qiubai.
At the end of 1922, Chen Duxiu visited Moscow on behalf of China's * * * production party, and Qu Qiubai was the translator. Chen Duxiu appreciated Qu Qiubai's talent very much, so he invited him back to China to participate in revolutionary struggle activities, and Qu Qiubai readily agreed. After returning home, Qu Qiubai translated and wrote a lot of articles introducing Marx, Lenin and the international proletarian movement, and publicized revolutionary ideas. This article focuses on the emotional situation of Qu Qiubai after returning to China.
From 65438 to 0923, Qu Qiubai went to Shanghai University as the provost and head of the Department of Sociology. Here, he met Wang Jianhong, a female revolutionary, and they met, knew each other and fell in love. The belief in * * * quickly brought two people together. However, the weather is unpredictable. After seven months of marriage, Wang Jianhong died of tuberculosis. Wang Jianhong left a will before his death, including this sentence: "I love you so tenderly and single-mindedly, and I don't want to make you sad at all. May God grant you another person, just like you. " Qu Qiubai was in great pain. In his letter to Ding Ling, he deeply expressed his thoughts.
Qu Qiubai's revolutionary cause was difficult and tortuous, but his love was beautiful. Soon, Yang Zhihua appeared in Qu Qiubai's life. Yang Zhihua is a young, beautiful and progressive revolutionary comrade-in-arms of Xiang Jingyu and Wang Jianhong. Under the recommendation of Xiang Jingyu, Qu Qiubai became the party introducer of Yang Zhihua, and Yang Zhihua gloriously joined the China Producers' Party.
Yang Zhihua, 1900, was born in Xiaoshan, Zhejiang. During the May 4th Movement, Yang Zhihua studied in Zhejiang Women's Normal School. Influenced by the May 4th New Culture Movement, her thoughts have made some progress. 192 1 At the beginning of the year, I married Shen, the son of a famous local family. Shen Conghui is extraordinary, charming and proficient in poetry and calligraphy. After their marriage, they came to Shanghai. Shanghai is a colorful world. Shen couldn't resist the temptation and was very sad. At the end of the year, she gave birth to a daughter. Later, she was named Shen, meaning that she was the only one, expressing her dissatisfaction with this marriage.
Yang Zhihua often visited Wang Jianhong during his illness. In this process, Yang Zhihua and Qu Qiubai have deepened their mutual understanding. Later, Qu Qiubai fell in love with Yang Zhihua deeply. He knew that Yang Zhihua was married, but he couldn't help expressing this feeling. Yang Zhihua likes knowledgeable, elegant and delicate Qu Qiubai. However, shortly after his death, Shen, his father-in-law, was unable to face his kindness and his divorce, and ran away and returned to his hometown of Xiaoshan, Zhejiang.
Qu Qiubai found Yang Zhihua's adoptive father Shao Lizi, hoping that Shao Lizi could help him. Shao Lizi is very open-minded, saying that he must untie the bell and the person who tied it. He asked Qu Qiubai to talk to Shen and try to find a peaceful solution.
Qu Qiubai, Shen and He had a heart-to-heart talk for four days. Finally, Shen appreciates Qu Qiubai's personality and talent and quits this relationship.
1924165438+1On October 27th, 28th and 29th, the contents of the three "notices" repeatedly published in the Republic of China Daily are as follows:
Notice from Shen: From 19241month 18, we officially broke off our love relationship. Qu Qiubai informed Yang Zhihua that since 19241month 18, we have officially joined the relationship. Shen's announcement in Qu Qiubai: Since 19241month 18, we have officially become friends.
1924 On the anniversary of the October Revolution, Qu Qiubai and Yang Zhihua got married in Shanghai, and Qu Qiubai personally carved the seal of "Flowers in Autumn" as a witness of their love. Qu Qiubai also engraved the words "to my life partner" on a gold pin as a tribute to token of love of Yang Zhihua. From then on, our child was renamed Qu. Shen personally came to the wedding scene to offer his blessing to Qu Qiubai.
Later, Qu Qiubai and Yang Zhihua worked in Moscow, and they had the best time of their lives. Being impressed by Shen's generosity, he often sent photos of Qu before his death to Shen, calling him "Brother Long" in his letters.
Qu Qiubai didn't take part in the Long March of the Red Army because of lung disease, and insisted on guerrilla warfare in Ruijin, Jiangxi. 1935 In February, he was seriously ill and the organization decided to let him go to Hong Kong. Passing through Changting County, Fujian Province, he was unfortunately captured. During his detention by the enemy, Qu Qiubai kept the secrets of the Party strictly, and wrote Redundant Words, expressing his tortuous mental journey. 1935 June 18, according to Tianjin Ta Kung Pao, Qu Qiubai walked slowly to the execution ground. He sang the Internationale and shouted slogans along the way, and died peacefully at the age of 36. When Qu Qiubai died, he was 35 years old and Qu 14 years old.
In the second year after Qu Qiubai's death, Yang Zhihua, who worked in Moscow, was dismissed by Wang Ming and others, and was censored in isolation. 1938, she went to Moscow as a representative to rehabilitate and arranged for her to reunite with Qu's mother and daughter. 194 1 year, after the outbreak of the Soviet-German war, Hequ was organized to return to China. However, when they passed through Xinjiang, they were arrested and detained by warlord Sheng for four years. 1946 during the Chongqing negotiations, Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou demanded that Chiang Kai-shek release the producers of * * * held in Xinjiang, and the mother and son were rescued and released. After returning to Yan 'an, Chairman Mao specially invited Yang Zhihua and his son to their home. On another occasion in Yan 'an, Chairman Mao once said with emotion that if autumn is good, the border culture needs his leadership.
After liberation, Yang Zhihua, with his love for Qu Qiubai, went through hardships to find Qu Qiubai's bones and buried them in Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery. Premier Zhou wrote the inscription "Tomb of Qu Qiubai". Due to the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations, Yang Zhihua was isolated for six years during the Cultural Revolution. 1973 10 17. Yang Zhihua was seriously ill and was granted medical parole. Three days later, Yang Zhihua died in Beijing at the age of 73.
Qu Qiubai and Yang Zhihua had a rough life, but they always stood firm in their beliefs and revolutionary beliefs. To the delight of Qu Qiubai and Yang Zhihua, their child Qu Duyi has high attainments in Russian. 1949 In founding ceremony, she broadcast the news of the founding of New China to the world in Russian. Worked as a Russian translator for Premier Zhou; Later, in the Soviet Union, she personally founded the Moscow branch of Xinhua News Agency, which became a major pillar of the motherland's construction.