The decision of the Third Plenary Session of the 17th CPC Central Committee pointed out that after 30 years of rural reform and development, China's rural areas have undergone earth-shaking changes. The "Decision" highly summarizes the great achievements of rural reform and development, that is, the great practice of rural reform and development, which greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of hundreds of millions of farmers, greatly liberated and developed rural social productive forces, and greatly improved the material and cultural life of farmers. This is mainly reflected in the following five aspects:

First, a major breakthrough was made in rural reform, and a rural economic system suitable for China's national conditions and the development of social productive forces was initially formed. Abolish the people's commune, establish a two-tier management system based on household contract management, and establish the basic management system in rural areas of China; Vigorously develop township enterprises, encourage the development of rural individual and private economy, and form a rural basic economic system with public ownership as the main body and multiple ownership economies developing together; Cancel the system of unified purchase and distribution of agricultural products, fully liberalize the agricultural product market, and establish a market system for agricultural products and factors; Implement the policy of giving more and taking less, abolish the agricultural tax that has been followed for thousands of years, and implement direct subsidies to farmers, initially forming a policy system of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers in the new period; Gradually reform the urban-rural dual structure system, expand the scope of public finance covering rural areas, promote the construction of new socialist countryside, and begin to build an institutional framework for coordinating urban and rural development.

Second, the comprehensive agricultural production capacity has been significantly improved, and the problem of feeding 654.38+300 million people has been solved by our own efforts. In the past 30 years, China's grain output has jumped to four levels: 700 billion Jin, 800 billion Jin, 900 billion Jin and 654.38+0 billion Jin, which has stably solved the problem of feeding the whole people. The output of grain, vegetables, fruits, meat, eggs and aquatic products ranked first in the world for many years in a row, which ended the long-term shortage of major agricultural products and made great contributions to the smooth realization of the first two strategic goals of China's modernization drive.

Third, the overall prosperity of the rural economy has effectively consolidated the alliance of workers and peasants in the new period. The rural economic structure has been continuously optimized, and the composition of rural tertiary industry has been adjusted from 84 ∶ 14.2 ∶ 1.8 in 1978 to 30.2 ∶ 54.3 ∶ 15.5 in 2006. Township enterprises have sprung up everywhere, and the industrial added value accounts for half of the national industrial added value. 226 million rural laborers have been transferred to employment, and hundreds of millions of migrant workers have become an important part of industrial workers. The per capita net income of farmers increased from 1978 to 134 yuan to 4 140 yuan in 2007, with an average annual real increase of 7.1%after deducting the price factor; The rural poor population decreased from 250 million to14.79 million, and the incidence of poverty decreased by 29 percentage points.

Fourth, the building of socialist democratic politics and spiritual civilization in rural areas has been continuously strengthened, and the ideological and moral quality, scientific and cultural quality and health quality of farmers have been significantly improved. Socialist democracy in rural areas has been continuously expanded, farmers' democratic rights have been effectively guaranteed, rural governance according to law has been continuously strengthened, the reform of township institutions has been deepened, and the construction of grassroots political power has been significantly strengthened. Rural social undertakings have been accelerated. In 2007, 654.38+0.5 billion rural compulsory education students were exempted from tuition and miscellaneous fees, and textbooks were given free of charge. 730 million farmers participated in the new rural cooperative medical system, with a coverage rate of 86%; 35.66 million rural poor people enjoy the minimum living guarantee. Rural cultural and sports undertakings have become increasingly prosperous, the public's cultural service capacity has been continuously improved, and the spiritual and cultural life of farmers has been significantly improved.

Fifth, the party building in rural areas has been continuously strengthened, effectively consolidating the party's ruling foundation in rural areas. The supporting construction of village-level organizations with village party organizations as the core has been comprehensively promoted. The "three-level joint creation" activity of rural party building was carried out in depth, and the educational activity of maintaining the advanced nature of party member in rural areas achieved positive results. The dynamic villagers' self-government mechanism led by the village party organizations has been gradually established and improved. The party's rural policy has won the hearts of the people, the relationship between the party and the masses in rural areas is harmonious, and the rural society remains harmonious and stable.