1. Liu Bang
Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, was definitely a rogue "grassroots". He even changed his name after he proclaimed himself emperor. His real name is sanliu. Even the official history that is best at covering up the ugliness and disguise of the emperor dares not "despise the world" and "rewrite" him into an extremely intelligent, resourceful and admirable natural hero. Liu bang has been a rogue since he was a child, lazy, lustful, lazy and stubborn, idle and never engaged in agricultural production. Therefore, not only his neighbors despise him very much, but also his father and grandfather often compare his second child, Liu Zhong, with him. Moreover, Liu Bang despises reading and scholars. After seeing Confucian scholars, Liu Bang would take off his hat and pee in it. What an asshole! Fate can play tricks on people. After the death of Qin Shihuang, the world was in chaos, with swords and shadows, and wars continued. Liu Bang, curator of Surabaya Pavilion, also claimed to be Pei Gong, and followed Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu to conquer the world. When Xiang Yu fought Qin Jun's main force in the north of the Yellow River, Liu Bang invaded Xianyang to the west and wiped out the Qin Dynasty. Later, historical facts such as the "Hongmen Banquet" and the "Chu-Han Debate" will not be repeated here until the South proclaimed itself emperor.
2. Liu Bei
No matter how deliberately Liu Bei associates with Liu Sheng, the king of Zhongshan, he can't change the fact that Liu Bei is also a "grassroots". Romance of the Three Kingdoms and History of the Three Kingdoms all say that Liu Bei lost his father since childhood, lived alone, made a living by making mats and selling shoes, and lived in poverty. It is said that Liu Bei can see his ears with his hands on his knees and learn the ability to express his emotions without showing his face. When Liu Bei was playing as a child, he pointed to the mulberry tree in front of the house like the emperor's hood and said, "I will sit under this hood in the future."
All this reveals Liu Bei's pretentious qualities and lofty ideals since he was a child. Liu Bei began to make a fortune in the Yellow turban insurrectionary, fought side by side with Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, made meritorious deeds repeatedly, and began to have his own stronghold. However, in that era when heroes came forth in large numbers, princes were separated, scuffles continued, and the law of the jungle prevailed, Liu Bei's strength was really too small. Therefore, in order to protect himself and wait for the opportunity to show his ambition, Liu Bei learned the spirit of patience and compromise in cruel times. Liu Bei successively took refuge in Gongsun Zan, Tao Qian, Lu Bu, Cao Cao, Yuan Shao, Liu Biao and Sun Quan. He is an opportunist, a typical ingrate.
Liu Bei is best at have it both ways and kicking down the ladder. Both Lu Bu and Cao Cao had good intentions to help him, but they were all calculated by Liu Bei, especially Lu Bu was indirectly killed by Liu Bei. The furious Lu Bu shouted before he died: "You big-eared guy, you have no credit at all". Cao Cao helped Liu Bei escape from danger, appointed him as Yuzhou Pastor, and asked his army to crusade against Yuan Shu. I didn't expect that Liu Bei's crusade against Yuan Shu was false, but the capture of Xuzhou was true. Cao Cao was furious. But it is such a "villain" who is regarded as a hero and savior everywhere. Even the only hero like Cao Cao in the Three Kingdoms period praised him and regarded him as one of the only two heroes on an equal footing with himself. Battle of Red Cliffs Liu Bei won Jingzhou and Yizhou in just a few years, becoming one of the three major forces tied with Cao Cao and Sun Quan. In 2 1 year, Liu Bei ascended the throne in wudan Mountain, Chengdu, and then became hot-headed. He crusaded against Sun Quan and wanted revenge on Guan Yu, which was actually to recapture Jingzhou. However, Lu Xun, a young general of Wudong, lost in World War I and burned 700 Li, so he fled to Baidicheng. In 23 years, Liu Bei died of shame.
3. Xerox Copying (France)
Xerox, whose real name is Lesi, later named Shilong, is a descendant of Qiang Canal planted in other parts of Xiongnu. Although his ancestors were small generals of the Qiang nationality, Xerox's generation was poor. In the first year of Da 'an, Di Chin, Bingzhou was hungry and cold, and the ethnic minorities living here begged for food everywhere.
At that time, Sima Teng, the secretariat of Bingzhou, tied a large number of ethnic minorities to Hebei, Shandong and other places. Schleswig was plundered by General Yang Guo and General Zhang Long when he was in his twenties. He was sent to Shandong by two beards and one cangue, and sold to chiping master Huan as a domestic slave. Seeing that he was mighty, brave and good at riding and shooting, the teacher let him go. Schiller was still a servant and was captured by the rebels again. Don't let an open hand, he let Wang Yang and other eight riders steal, and then Ao Guo and other ten riders defected and became the eighteenth rider. Xerox led the Eighteen Riders to participate in the shepherd uprising led by Sanchi, and joined Gong Shifan. Fan Shi was killed and Xerox and Sanjay escaped. Sanchi, with Schleswig as his deputy, defeated the army of nomads and killed Sima Teng. After Ji Bing was defeated and killed, Schleswig took refuge in Liu Cong, the former emperor of Zhao, and moved to Hebei to make meritorious military service.
3 1 1 In April, Xerox defeated the main force of 8 Jin Army led by Wang Yan in Guxian, burned the center of Sima Yue, the most powerful figure at that time, and claimed to avenge the world to vent their resentment against Sima's rulers. In June, Liu Yao attacked Luoyang, and Schleswig led an army to help him capture Luoyang, and Emperor Huai moved to Pingyang. The Western Jin regime suffered a devastating blow. Thirty-nine years ago, civil strife broke out in Zhao, leaving the former Zhao and establishing the post-Zhao. In 39 years, Xerox defeated and killed former Zhao Emperor Liu Yao in Luoyang, basically unifying the north of the Yellow River.
In 30 years, Schleswig-Holstein proclaimed himself emperor, completing the final transformation from slave to supreme ruler. Xerox is an accomplished minority monarch. He cherished the strength of the people, encouraged agricultural production and revitalized the broken northern economy. Attach importance to national unity and oppose Han oppression; Attach importance to Confucian education and set up schools; Advocate thrift and oppose waste; Appointment of Zhang Bin and other Han counselors, selection of sages, assessment, political clarity; Implementing reform to promote the localization of Qiang nationality. It can be said that Xerox was a rare monarch at that time and played a positive role in social development and national integration.
4. Emperor Wu of Song
Emperor Wu of Song Wudi, word Deyu, No. My ancestors were from Pengcheng, and later moved to Jingkou. The founder of the Song Dynasty was called Song Wudi in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. An outstanding politician, strategist and commander-in-chief in the history of China. Emperor Wu of Song is a descendant of Liu Jiao, Chu Yuan's younger brother King Liu.
Liu Yusheng was born on the night of Renyin in March of the first year of Xingning, that is, on April 16 in 363 AD. Born, his mother died, and his father Liu Qiao wanted to abandon Emperor Wu of Song because of his poor family. Liu Huai, who is in the same county as Emperor Wu of Song, respects his mother very much and is the obedient mother of Emperor Wu of Song. At that time, Liu was born before the full moon. Hearing this, he stopped Liu Qiao and said, "I broke my arm and fed." When Emperor Wu of Song grew up, "Xiong Jie was generous, seven feet six inches long, strong-willed and petty", and he was also very filial to his stepmother. But I can only read, and I make a living by selling shoes. Emperor Wu of song likes gambling, so he is looked down upon by his neighbors. It was such a person who later became the founding emperor, so some people called it "the poor came to power."
5. Chen Baxian
Chen Baxian, whose real name is Guoxing, was born by the word Fa. Born in Xiazuo Temple, Great Wall County. Chen Baxian is "the husband of Huo Geng and the son of Gui Dou", and his family is poor. However, when Chen Baxian was a teenager, he practiced martial arts by fishing, with a wide range of interests.
When he was a teenager, the ancient official history evaluated him as: magnanimous, ambitious, regardless of family property. male
In the tenth year of Liang Datong, there was a riot in Guangzhou and Xiao Ying was besieged. Chen Baxian led 3000 elite soldiers to clear the gap in World War I, which attracted Liang Wudi's attention. At this point, Chen Baxian's life trajectory began to change, step by step towards glory. In 52 AD, Chen Baxian and another general, Wang Sengbian, took charge of the military power in Nanliang and put down the Hou Jing Rebellion. But "can others sleep soundly by the sofa?" Ambitious, of course, can't tolerate Wang Sengbian competing for the highest power with himself, and a decisive battle between Chen and Wang is inevitable.
In 54, lyna was killed by the Western Wei in Jiangling. In 55, the Northern Qi Dynasty sent Nanliang to surrender to the noble Xiao Yuanming as a puppet emperor. Wang Sengbian was forced to show support, while Chen Baxian was firmly opposed. In September, the uprising in Jiangkou, by attacking Wang and Xiao, successfully achieved the goal of killing Wang Sengbian and abolishing Xiao Yuanming, and finally mastered the Nanliang regime. In 557 AD, he proclaimed himself emperor and established the Chen regime. In troubled times, Mr. Chen has been through many battles and cleaned up the broken mountains and rivers. After three years in office, he was able to do his best, his politics was clear, and the situation in Jiangnan gradually stabilized. In May 559, Chen Baxian died of illness.
6. Zhu Wen
Zhu Wen is definitely a "grassroots emperor" who combines hooligans and rogues after Liu Bang, but his personality is worse than Liu Bang's and his humanity is more cruel. Zhu Wen has three brothers, his father died early, and his mother and three brothers worked as servants in Liu Chong's house in Xiaoxian County. Among the three brothers, Zhu Wen, the third, is the fiercest and scoundrel, so he is often whipped by his master.
1987, Zhu Wen took part in the peasant uprising led by Huang Chao in the late Tang Dynasty, and gradually emerged. After Huang Chao captured Chang 'an, Zhu Wen was the pioneer of Southeast Camp. After attacking Tongzhou, he was appointed as the national defense ambassador of Tongzhou. In 82, when Tang Jun counterattacked, Zhu Wen was also suspected by Huang Chao, so he turned to the Tang Dynasty and, in turn, served as the head of the depth to pacify the rebels, and was named Quanzhong. 1983, I was appointed as the commander of Xuanwu Army and recruited troops in Northeast China.
In 84, Quan Zhong, together with Li Keyong and other allied forces, suppressed the Huang Chao Uprising Army, paving a road to the central government with the blood of comrades. From then on 10, Zhu Quanzhong gradually annexed the buffer towns in the Central Plains and Hebei by virtue of its superior geographical conditions in Bianzhou. In the central government, they colluded with some bureaucrats who were dissatisfied with the eunuch's authoritarian power, cracked down on the eunuch's power and remotely controlled the emperor. At 199 1, he was named Liang Wang. In the same year, Zhu Wen killed all eunuchs and took full control of the central government. In 94, Quanzhong sent someone to kill Zhaozong and set up his son. 1997, abolished the emperor, changed the country name to Huang, and became Taizu. Kaifeng, its capital, was called Liang in history and later Kaiping.
Zhu Wen paid more attention to agricultural production and reformed the disadvantages of the Tang Dynasty. However, he fought with Li Keyong and Li Cun, the Shatuo nobles who owned Taiyuan, for years, wasting a lot of manpower and material resources and gradually losing his military superiority. He is cruel by nature, kills people at will, and creates an atmosphere of social terror. In terms of private life, he was even in a mess, even openly "passing by" with his daughters-in-law, causing hatred among scholars. In his later years, due to the undecided heir to the throne, the internal contradictions of the royal family were sharp. 9 12 was killed by his second son Zhu, ending his sinful life.
7. Liu Zhiyuan
Liu Zhiyuan, the founder of the post-Han Empire, is a minority monarch, and he belongs to Shatuo with the founders of the post-Tang Dynasty, such as Li, the traitor Shi Jingtang and king of the children, but his background is much humble. Although Liu Zhiyuan proclaimed himself and dragged his ancestors to the royal family in the Eastern Han Dynasty, there is no denying that by his generation, he had been completely wiped out.
Liu Zhiyuan was very introverted when he was young, and he was usually taciturn. Because he is weak.
Liu Zhiyuan joined the army in the late Tang Dynasty and took refuge in Hedong regime. Li Keyong's adopted son Li Siyuan is a soldier in the army. His position is very low and there is no prospect of promotion. Later, because he saved Shi Jingtang's life twice, he was left as a dental school by Shi Jingtang. After serving as our time in Hedong, Shi Jingtang promoted Liu Zhiyuan as commander of the "Ma bu" or horse stance just look, which won the trust of Shi Jingtang. 1996, Liu Zhiyuan advised Shi Jingtang to establish the post-Jin empire, and Shi Jingtang reciprocated, entrusting the important task to Liu Zhiyuan, and finally promoted to Hedong our time. After Shi Jingtang's death, his adopted son turned against the Khitan, and Liu Zhiyuan began to actively prepare for Jin's independence, and began to disobey the orders of the imperial court.
In 96, when the Khitan went south to destroy the Later Jin Dynasty, Liu Zhiyuan proclaimed himself emperor in Taiyuan and established the Later Han Empire. After the Khitan returned to the customs under the fierce resistance of the Central Plains people, Liu Zhiyuan also entered Kaifeng, the hometown of Jin. Liu Zhiyuan's main achievement is to use the people's enthusiasm to fight against Qidan, which not only drove it out of the Central Plains, but also curbed Qidan's intention to commit crimes again, and played a positive role in restoring production in the war-torn Central Plains. Liu Zhiyuan was emperor for less than two years and died in 948.
8. Li Bian
Li Bian, whose real name is Peng, whose father is Pan, a native of Xuzhou, is a devout Buddhist. At the age of six, Li Bian's father died in battle, and he went to Huainan with his mother and uncle. Soon, her mother died unfortunately, and the orphan Li Bian had to scrape by in the temple.
Later, Yang Xingmi sent troops to Shandong to support Wang and got him when he attacked Haozhou. Seeing that he is smart and cute, I want to adopt him, but my own sons are strongly opposed. Yang Xingmi had no choice but to hand him over to General Xuwen. Li Bian became Xu Wen's adopted son and changed his name to Xu Zhi. When Xu grew up, he was not only outstanding in appearance, but also courageous. He is kind, sincere, popular and has higher prestige than Xu Wen's other sons. Therefore, Xu Wen often rebukes his son for being inferior to Xu, which has aroused the envy of all literati. Many times Zhu tried to plot against him, but he saved his life because of Xu Zhi's popularity and his ability to appease others. After Yang Xingmi's death, Xu Wen was in charge of Nanwu, and Xu Zhi became the adoptive father's right-hand man because of his outstanding ability.
After Xu Wen's death, Xu Zhizhen presided over the state affairs with the help of Song and others. In 937, Yang Pu, the Emperor of the Southern Wu Dynasty, was abolished and the Southern Tang regime was established. After Xu Zhi ascended the throne, he claimed to be a descendant of the Tang Dynasty and changed his name to Li Bian. During his reign, he was pro-government, loving the people, practicing frugality and pursuing good-neighborly diplomacy, which made important contributions to the stable development of the Southern Tang Dynasty.
9. Zhu Yuanzhang
Zhu Yuanzhang is one of the most famous "grassroots emperors" known to the people.
Zhu Yuanzhang's young surname is Ba, also known as Xingzong, with the word Guo Duan. Haozhou Li. Born in poverty, the whole family almost died in the great famine. Forced by life, Zhu Yuanzhang became a monk in Huang Jue Temple in his teens and was bullied by monks. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Guo Zixing, a member of the Red Scarf Army, participated in the Anti-Yuan War and made many meritorious deeds under Guo Zixing, which won his trust. Guo Zixing also married his adopted daughter Ma Shi to Zhu Yuanzhang, later known as "Bigfoot Ma Huanghou". After Guo Zixing's death, his son Guo Tianxu led the crowd and accepted Han Liner's collection in Wang Xiaoming. Zhu Yuanzhang was also appointed as deputy marshal left. After Guo Xu's death, Zhu Yuanzhang took over the army. Then, Zhu Yuanzhang marched into the south of the Yangtze River, occupied Qing Ji in 1356, and changed its name to Yingtian.
Since then, Zhu Yuanzhang took Yingtian as a stronghold and successively captured Changzhou, Jiangyin, Changshu, Huizhou and Yangzhou. He also accepted the advice of Zhu Sheng, an old Confucian in Huizhou, "Build a high wall, accumulate grain, and become king slowly". In response to this day, we will build water conservancy projects.
1368, Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor in Yingtian and established the Ming Dynasty. In the same year, Xu Da and Chang Yuchun were sent to the Northern Expedition, and Shun Di, the last emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, was expelled from the customs, formally unifying the north and the south. After Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, he vigorously strengthened the autocratic monarchy, abolished the post of prime minister and integrated all powers. Daxing literary inquisition suppresses social thoughts and creates a horrible atmosphere; Daxing "Hu and Blue Party Prison", killing heroes, caused great terror in society; Establish security and other secret service agencies to closely monitor public opinion; The princes were established as kings and stationed in various places to maintain their rule.
Of course, Zhu Yuanzhang also made many achievements in promoting social stability, encouraging production, selecting talents, cracking down on corruption and reforming administrative institutions. Zhu Yuanzhang was a monarch with mixed merits. His life is full of magical colors. In 398, Zhu Yuanzhang died of illness.
0. Li Zicheng
Li Zicheng was the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty. Formerly known as Hongji. When he proclaimed himself emperor, he regarded Li as Mao. He lives in Liqianji Village, Mizhi County, Shaanxi Province. When I was a child, I worked as a shepherd for the landlord and a post office in Yinchuan.
In the second year after the Chongzhen Uprising, he invaded the subordinates of King Gao Yingxiang, who was brave and insightful. At the 1988 Xingyang meeting, a short radius directional four-way attack scheme was put forward, which was recognized by the leaders of various ministries and gained a high reputation. The following year, after Gao Yingxiang's death, he succeeded in calling himself King Zhuang. 1 1 year, defeated by Tongguan, and only led Liu Zongmin and more than ten people to hide in Shangluo mountain area. The next year, the mountain rose again. 13 years, trapped in yufu mountain, Brazil, broke through with 50 riders and entered Henan.
At that time, the famine in the Central Plains was serious and the class contradictions were extremely acute. Yan Li put forward slogans such as "even cultivated land is tax-free", which were welcomed by the broad masses of the people, and there was a ballad of "welcoming the king without paying the grain". The army has grown to millions and become the main force of the peasant war. Chongzhen was named Xinshun King in Xiangyang in the 16th year. In the same year, in Ruzhou, Henan Province, the main force of Sun Chuanting, the governor of Shaanxi Province in the Ming Dynasty, was completely annihilated and successfully occupied xi 'an. The following year, the Dashun regime was established and named Yongchang.
In May 645, he was killed by the landlord in Jiugong Mountain, Tongshan County. He is only 40 years old. Li Zicheng's tragedy is that he didn't clearly realize the arduousness, complexity and long-term nature of seizing and consolidating political power, became "naive" politically, and finally came to a tragic end.