Wang Yulin, an expert in fruit tree breeding, said. Long-term engaged in apple and pear breeding and fruit tree germplasm resources research. Participate in the breeding of early crisp and jinfeng pear varieties, and preside over the breeding of new pear varieties such as July crisp and August crisp and new apple varieties such as Huaguan and Huashuai; He has compiled monographs such as Species of Deciduous Fruit Trees and Apple Cultivation Techniques, and participated in and organized the compilation of china fruit Cultivation.

Chinese name: Wang Yulin.

Nationality: China.

Place of birth: Xingyang County, Henan Province

Date of birth:1March 23, 925

Occupation: fruit tree breeding expert

Graduate school: National Henan University

Masterpiece: Species of deciduous fruit trees

Personal experience

1925 was born in wanggou village, guangwu town, Xingyang county, Henan province.

1938- 1940 studied in junior high school in Shanxian County, Henan Province.

194 1- 1943 studied in Jingcun Senior High School in Mi County, Henan Province.

1944- 1945 went into exile in Fengxiang county, Shaanxi province, went to the off-campus youth education counseling office and was admitted to the university.

1946- 1949 studied in the Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College of National Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan (later moved to Suzhou, Jiangsu).

1950- 1955 After entering Shenyang Agricultural College, he moved to Harbin and merged with Harbin Agricultural College to form Northeast Agricultural College. He studied in a Russian research class, and then entered the Russian translation room to translate the textbooks of Soviet agricultural colleges.

1956- 1970 is engaged in the research of apple and pear breeding in Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Xingcheng, Liaoning. He served as the deputy director of the breeding research office and was hit during the Cultural Revolution.

197 1- 1978 worked in Yuxian agriculture and forestry bureau, Henan province, and later served as director of county forestry science research institute and deputy director of county agriculture and forestry bureau.

1979- 1989 is engaged in apple and pear breeding research in Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences. He has served as deputy director of the Variety Resources Research Office, director, deputy director and director of the Scientific Research Management Office (1983), and visited EastMallingResearchStation and NationalFruitTrials in the UK on1981982.

/kloc-0 visited new Zealand in 1985, and/kloc-0 led a fruit tree science and technology delegation to visit north Korea in 1986.

1990 retired as the director of the academic Committee of the institute.

199 1- 1997 was invited to China pear breeding institute.

Wang Yulin, 1925, was born in a peasant family in Guangwu Township, Yin He County, Henan Province. He studied in the countryside since childhood, and was admitted to Shanxian Junior High School in Henan Province in the spring of 1938. Due to the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the school moved from Shaanxi to an ancient temple (Huishan Temple) at the foot of Songshan Mountain in Dengfeng County, and spent three years in junior high school. He studied hard and got excellent grades. After graduating from junior high school, he was admitted to the high school of Xuan Tong Middle School in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province. This school was run by Sun, commander of the Third Army of the National Government at that time, and students in the school could eat free meals provided by the army. In addition to studying high school courses, students also receive military training at school. 194 1 In August, the school was moved to Tianxian Temple in the east of Mi County and renamed Jingcun Middle School due to harassment by Japanese invaders. 1942- 1943, the drought that has never happened in decades occurred in the central plains, and farmers' lives were very difficult. Thanks to the help of relatives and friends, he managed to finish his studies. After graduating from high school, in order to make a living, Wang Yulin went to Tian Ge Junior High School in Changge County. 1In April, 944, the Japanese invaders invaded the Central Plains on a large scale, and their hometown was trapped. In order not to be conquered people, Wang Yulin went to Funiu Mountain in West Vietnam alone. After a long journey of more than a month, he arrived in Xi 'an and entered the counseling office of Fengxiang off-campus youth school to review his studies and prepare for the college entrance examination.

In August, 1944, Wang Yulin was admitted to the Horticulture Department of National Henan University Agricultural College temporarily in Xichuan County, Henan Province with excellent results. At that time, facing the life and death of the country and the nation, he was deeply depressed and thinking. When he was a freshman, he realized that it was difficult to talk about his academic future in the case of national ruin and death, so he decided to join the army. 1945 left school to join the army in February. He walked from Henan to Wanxian, Sichuan, joined the 204th Division of the Youth Expeditionary Force of the National Government, and joined the communication camp as a soldier. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Wang Yulin retired and returned to the Agricultural College of Henan University to continue his studies. /kloc-0 graduated in June, 949. When Wang Yulin graduated from university and was ready to work, he unfortunately fell ill and had to go back to his hometown for treatment. In August, 1950, Wang Yulin went to work in Shenyang Agricultural College on the recommendation of his classmates. Due to the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, Shenyang Agricultural College moved to Harbin and merged with Harbin Agricultural College to form Northeast Agricultural College. Wang Yulin attended a Russian class in Northeast Agricultural College. After graduation, I worked in the school, translated the textbooks of Soviet agricultural colleges, and did some infrastructure work for the new agricultural higher education in China, which was blank at that time. Textbooks such as Agrobiological Basis of Fruit Tree Cultivation, Fruit Tree Cultivation and Breeding of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry have been translated successively. 65438-0955, transferred to the experimental farm of Northeast Agricultural College, engaged in small apple breeding research. From 65438 to 0956, Wang Yulin was transferred from Northeast Agricultural College to Xingcheng Horticultural Experimental Field under the former Agricultural Institute of Northeastern University. 1958 The Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences was established on the basis of the original Xingcheng Horticultural Experimental Site. Wang Yulin was mainly engaged in pear cross breeding and germplasm resources investigation here, and later served as the deputy director of variety research office. During the "Cultural Revolution", Wang Yulin, as an older generation of intellectuals in the old society, was persecuted, put in a "bullpen" and forced to reform through labor. 197 1 At the beginning of the year, with the help of Zhengzhou Branch of Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wang Yulin was transferred to work in Yuxian (now Yuzhou) Agriculture and Forestry Bureau of Henan Province. 1979 was transferred to Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences at the beginning of the year, and served as deputy director, director, deputy director of the Variety Resources Research Office and director of the scientific research management office. 1983 gloriously joined the China * * * production party. 1989 retired, 1990 served as the director of the academic Committee of the institute.

Main thesis

1 Wang Yulin, Zu Rong. Agrobiological basis of fruit tree cultivation. Beijing: Finance and Economics Press, 1957.

Pu Shenfu, Wang Yulin. Pears in the northeast. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1960.

Pu Shenfu, Wang Yulin. China Fruit Records Volume III Pears. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1963.

4 Wang Yulin. Breeding and variety research of fruit trees and berry plants. Beijing: Agricultural Press, 1964.

5 Wang Yulin. Vigorously strengthen the research on fruit tree resources to serve the accelerated realization of the four modernizations. Lecture on modern agricultural science and technology: germplasm problems of fruit trees and vegetables. Beijing: Agricultural Press, 1979: 14 ~ 24.

6 Wang Yulin. Study on apple varieties in the world. Annual report of scientific research. Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences. 1982: 1 ~ 29.

7 Wang Yulin. On the development of fruit production in China. Fruit science. 1984 ( 1): 13.

8 Wang Yulin. Apple varieties and their development trends in the world today. Fruit Science. 1985 (2): 2 ~ 8

9 Wang Yulin. On the development of apple production in China. Fruit tree science. 1986 (4):1~12, and so on.

Main contribution

197 1- 1974 when Wang Yulin worked in Henan Yuxian Agriculture and Forestry Bureau, he insisted on going deep into the grass roots and squatting in Asai Township, the largest apple planting area in Yuxian County, to teach local farmers new apple varieties and new technologies. At that time, the development of apples in this county was in its infancy, and the masses lacked experience in production management. Wang Yulin rides a bicycle to the apple-growing forest farms of each brigade for technical guidance every day. In four years, he traveled all over Yuxian to grow apples. Comrade Wu Zhenlin, who once served as Party Secretary of Asai Commune in Yuxian County, vividly described Wang Yulin: "A broken car and a broken bag have traveled all over the county, making the commune team full of fruits." The forest farm of Xiaohan Brigade of Asai Commune, designed and planted by Zhengzhou Branch of Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, is a short-rootstock apple experimental garden with more than 20 hectares of arbor rootstock apple orchard. Due to the lack of management of newly planted young trees and the inexperience of the masses, the leaders in the team are very nervous. In order to manage this demonstration orchard well, Wang Yulin insisted on living in the commune compound 2 kilometers away from the forest farm. In winter, after breakfast every day, he came to the garden with two steamed buns to guide the pruning of fruit trees. In order to popularize fruit tree cultivation techniques in the county, under the arrangement of the local government, Wang Yulin organizes thousands of fruit tree technician training courses every winter. A few years later, he became close friends with the masses, and people could hear him affectionately calling Mr. Wang and asking him for technical questions everywhere in Yuxian rural orchard, which made him feel great comfort. In order to adapt to the new situation of the rapid development of fruit trees and economic forests in Yuxian, the Forestry Science Research Institute was established in Yuxian on May 1974, and Wang Yulin was appointed as its director. At that time, the county government put forward the slogan of developing production as "300,000 mu", that is, developing "100,000 mu of apples, 100,000 mu of walnuts and 100,000 mu of paulownia". Wang Yulin introduced a batch of promising new varieties from all over the country based on his experience in studying apple varieties during his work in the Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and established a variety comparison experimental park in Xiaohan Brigade Forest Farm of Asai Commune. The test results show that the fine varieties he introduced, such as New Red Star, Hong Xiang and Fuji, are suitable for local large-scale planting and later become the main varieties in the commodity production base. In order to further guide the development of local and Central Plains apple production, Wang Yulin compiled the booklet "Apple Cultivation Techniques". At that time, Yuxian issued more than 1 1,000 copies, affecting more than 20 counties in Xuchang and Luoyang. In the absence of technical data at that time, it played a very good role in popularizing apple cultivation techniques. 1979 This book was officially published by Henan Science and Technology Publishing House.

During his work in Yuxian County, Wang Yulin actively organized and popularized new apple varieties and dwarfing culture technology, and established a number of experimental demonstration orchards, which also played a certain role in promoting the development of apple production in other parts of China. Relevant departments of Henan Province have held fruit tree production meetings and experience exchange meetings in Yuxian for many times, and many people from other provinces and regions have also organized visits. 65438-0976 received an investigation visit from Dr. DonMackenzie, an internationally renowned fruit expert in New Zealand. 1977- 1978 also received fruit tree inspection teams from Bulgaria and Poland and forestry inspection teams from United Nations 17 countries (paulownia). Dr. S.W.Zagaya of the Polish Fruit Research Institute exclaimed: "This is really a miracle of the world!" Because of Wang Yulin's outstanding achievements, he was appointed as the deputy director of Yuxian Agriculture and Forestry Bureau from 65438 to 0977. 1978 was rated as an advanced scientific and technological worker at the Henan Science Conference, and won the double scientific and technological achievement awards of Apple dwarfing culture and Budian Selection (Guan Yu).

Technical achievements

Before the "Cultural Revolution", Wang Yulin worked in the Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, mainly engaged in the investigation of pear germplasm resources, pear cross breeding and the research of apple and pear raw materials. In order to complete the investigation of pear germplasm resources, he traveled all over the pear producing areas in Northeast China, and based on the investigation materials, he co-edited the book "Northeast Pear" with Comrade Pu. This book comprehensively introduces pear germplasm resources in Northeast China and is published by Shanghai Science and Technology Publishing House 1960. According to the data of 1956- 1959 national survey of fruit tree germplasm resources, with the assistance of all the comrades in the breeding research room, Pu cooperated to compile the third volume of china fruit, comprehensively sorted out the pear germplasm resources in China, and became the first scientific monograph on fruit trees in China. The book was published by Shanghai Science and Technology Publishing House in 1963, and described 1059 pear varieties in detail. 1May, 956, according to the arrangement of pear breeding research group, Wang Yulin went to Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Jilin Province and Luda City of Liaoning Province alone to cross pear varieties. Zaosu Pear and Jinfeng Pear are new varieties bred from seeds obtained by Wang Yulin's cross in Yanbian, which are widely cultivated in China, western Liaoning, northern Jiangsu, Xinjiang and Gansu. These two varieties (1978) won major scientific and technological achievement awards at the National Science Conference.

Zaosu is in the off-season of pears because of its tender meat, juicy taste, high yield and early maturity, which is widely welcomed by producers and consumers. But astringency is a fly in the ointment. From 65438 to 0979, after Wang Yulin was transferred from Yuxian to Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, pear breeding was resumed according to the market reaction. He is determined to combine the advantages of Zaosu, Yali pear and Korla fragrant pear. After more than ten years of hard cultivation, under the auspices of Wang Yulin, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute has bred six new pear varieties with different characteristics such as high yield, early maturity and high quality. Among them, the varieties of August crisp and red crisp have been approved by Henan Crop Variety Approval Committee 1996 and 1997 respectively, and then approved by Anhui Province and Shanxi Province respectively. August crisp pear ripens in mid-August, which is in the off-season of pear fruit. Strong market demand and good output are favored by growers. Red crisp pear is welcomed by consumers and producers because of its bright red appearance, excellent quality and high yield. July crisp pear variety matured in Zhengzhou area in early July, which is sweet and delicious, and it is the earliest mature pear variety in China. At present, these new pear varieties have been widely introduced, publicized and popularized. During his work in Yuxian County, Wang Yulin learned from his long-term research on apple varieties in the National Fruit Tree Research Institute that all the apple varieties currently cultivated in production are worth improving. Take Red Star and Golden Crown, which are widely cultivated in the world, as examples. The former pulp is easy to be sandy and can't be stored, while the latter fruit is seriously corroded, and the crispness of meat is not ideal, and the peel is easy to wrinkle during storage, which affects the appearance. Therefore, he feels that it is an unshirkable responsibility of a fruit tree breeder to cultivate more ideal new apple varieties. 1976, he started cross breeding of apples under extremely harsh conditions. Nine hybrid combinations were selected in the first year, and all hybrid seeds were sown in the second year for screening and observation. 1979, when he was transferred back to Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, he selected some hybrid seedlings with good growth performance and transplanted them to the hybrid offspring breeding nursery of Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute. With the joint efforts of the Apple Breeding Research Group chaired by Wang Yulin, two new apple varieties, Huaguan (Jinguan× Fuji) and Huashuai (Fuji× Starkrimson), were officially released on 1994 and 1996, respectively. These two new varieties have the advantages of high yield, storability and beautiful appearance, and are well received by producers and consumers. After these two new apple varieties were bred, they became the priority varieties in western Henan and southern Shanxi in just a few years, with a planting area of more than 20,000 hectares, of which more than 2,000 hectares of flower crowns were planted in Linyi County, Shanxi Province alone. In recent years, the average price per kilogram is 0. 10 yuan higher than that of Fuji. 1995 the state science and technology commission listed the promotion of new varieties of huaguan apple in the guide of major national scientific and technological achievements promotion projects. 1In September, 1996, a New Zealand apple delegation visited Huaguan Orchard in Siguwa Village, Shan County, Henan Province, where Huaguan and Huashuai were concentrated, and found that it was very competitive in the international market. In the contact with international horticultural counterparts, Wang Yulin deeply felt that foreign scientific and technological workers are eager to know more about the rich and colorful fruit tree germplasm resources in China, and he is willing to be an envoy to promote exchanges between China and foreign countries. China Agricultural Science and Technology Publishing House published the book China Pear (65438-0996) edited by Wang Yulin through collecting, sorting out a lot of data and making great efforts to compile it. Recently, Wang Yulin is writing a book DeciduousFruitandNutCrops (about 400,000 words and 320 color pictures) in English, which comprehensively introduces the rich germplasm resources of deciduous fruit trees in China and will be published soon. This illustrated monograph will make more people in the world know that many deciduous fruit trees cultivated in the world today are native to China, and the rich and colorful fruit tree germplasm resources in China have made and will continue to make positive contributions to the development of fruit tree industry.