First, road traffic safety knowledge

1, meaning of command light signal

(1) When the green light is on, vehicles and pedestrians are allowed to pass;

(2) When the red light is on, vehicles and pedestrians are prohibited from passing;

(three) when the yellow light is on, vehicles and pedestrians are prohibited from passing, but vehicles that have exceeded the stop line and pedestrians who have entered the crosswalk can continue to pass;

(4) When the yellow light flashes, vehicles and pedestrians must pass under the principle of ensuring safety.

2, pedestrians must comply with the following provisions:

(1) You must walk on the sidewalk. If there is no sidewalk, you must walk aside.

(2) Crossing the roadway requires a crosswalk.

(3) It is forbidden to cross or lean on the guardrail at the crossing.

(4) It is forbidden to pick up a car, chase a car, forcibly stop a car or throw a car.

(5) When crossing the road, there shall be no more than 2 people in each row. The children's queue must travel on the sidewalk.

3. Matters needing attention when crossing the road:

When crossing the road, the possible risk factors will increase greatly, so pay special attention to safety.

(1) When crossing the road, obey the command of the traffic police; It is necessary to obey the traffic rules and achieve "green light, red light stops".

(2) When crossing the road, take the crosswalk line; In sections with overpasses and underpasses, you should consciously take overpasses and underpasses.

(3) When crossing the road, go straight and don't detour; In the section where there is no crosswalk, you should look at the left first, then at the right, and you can only cross the road when you confirm that there is no motor vehicle.

(4) Don't climb the safety fence and isolation pier in the middle of the road.

(5) Don't cross the road suddenly, especially if an acquaintance or friend is on the phone across the street, or the bus to take has already pulled into the station, and don't act rashly to avoid accidents.

4, passengers must comply with the following provisions:

Cars, trams and other motor vehicles are the most commonly used means of transportation. In order to ensure riding safety, we should pay attention to the following points:

(1) Take the bus (electric), wait in line, get on the bus in order, and don't be crowded. When getting on and off the bus, wait for the bus to stop, get off first and get on, and don't fight for it.

(2) Don't carry inflammable and explosive dangerous goods such as gasoline and firecrackers on the bus.

(3) When riding a bike, don't stick your head, hands and arms out of the window to avoid being scratched by the opposite car or trees on the side of the road; Don't throw things out of the window, lest you hurt others.

(4) Sit firmly and hold well when riding. When there is no seat, stand sideways with your feet apart naturally, and hold the handrail tightly with your hands to avoid falling and being injured when the vehicle brakes suddenly.

(5) When riding a car or a minibus, you should fasten your seat belt in the front row.

(6) Try to avoid taking trucks and tractors; Never stand in the trunk or sit on the deck when you have to ride.

Don't call a taxi on the highway.

5. What safety precautions should I pay attention to when riding a bicycle?

When going out by bike, the unsafe factors are more than walking. The safety items to be noted are as follows:

(1) Repair the bicycle frequently to keep it in good condition. Whether the brakes and bells are sensitive and normal is particularly important.

(2) Bicycles should be of appropriate size, and don't ride children's toy cars on the streets. Don't ride a cart alone.

(3) Don't learn to ride a bike on the road; Children under twelve should not ride bicycles in the street.

(four) when riding a bicycle, you should drive on the right side of the non-motor vehicle lane and not go backwards; When turning, don't make a sharp turn, slow down in advance, see the surrounding situation clearly, and then turn with a clear gesture.

(5) After crossing the road, slow down and pay attention to pedestrians and vehicles; Don't run the red light, stop the red light and wait until the green light comes on.

(6) When riding a bike, don't spread your hands, don't ride with many people, don't climb each other, and don't chase each other.

(7) Don't climb a motor vehicle when riding a bike, don't carry heavy objects, don't ride with people, and don't wear headphones to listen to the radio when riding a bike.

(8) Learn and master the basic knowledge of traffic rules.

Second, common sense of water traffic safety

China's waters are vast, and people will have many opportunities to travel by boat. The boat sailing in the water is in danger of encountering wind and waves, so the safety of boat travel is very important.

1, don't take the super adventure sailboat. In order to ensure the safety of shipping, all ships that meet the safety requirements are issued with safety certificates by the relevant administrative departments. When traveling, don't take an unlicensed boat.

2. Do not take ships other than passenger ships and passenger ferries.

3. Don't take an overloaded ship or a ship with mixed goods.

If you don't take an overloaded ship, the safety of such a ship is not guaranteed.

5. Boarding and disembarking shall be carried out in an orderly manner, and there shall be no crowding or scrambling to avoid accidents such as squeezing injury and falling into the water.

6, when the weather is bad, in case of strong winds, waves, fog, etc. , you should try to avoid taking a boat.

7. Don't fight or chase on the bow and deck to avoid falling into the water. Don't crowd on one side of the ship to prevent the hull from tilting and accidents.

8. Many equipments on board are related to ensuring safety. Don't tamper with them, so as not to affect the normal navigation.

9, sailing at night, don't use a flashlight to the water, the shore, so as not to cause misunderstanding or make the driver illusion and danger.

10, in case of accident, keep calm and follow the instructions of relevant personnel.

1 1. Attention should be paid to the collective boat ride: there should be a teacher leading and commanding, and people should queue up when boarding and disembarking, and no fighting or walking is allowed; Obey the command of the crew on board and maintain order on board.

Third, the common sense of railway traffic safety

Pedestrians and vehicles should pay attention to when passing the railway crossing:

1. When pedestrians and vehicles find or hear a train coming at railway crossings, pedestrian walkways and grade crossing, they should immediately flee to a place 2 meters away from the tracks. It is forbidden to stay on the railway, and it is forbidden to cross the railway.

2, vehicles and pedestrians through the railway crossing, must obey the command of crossing guards and crossing safety management personnel.

3. When the crossing railing (gate) is closed, the audio device gives an alarm, and the crossing signal shows a red light, or the crossing guards signal that the train is about to pass. Vehicles and pedestrians are prohibited from passing, and must stop outside the stop line in turn. If there is no stop line, stop at 5 meters away from the outermost railing (gate or alarm should be located here), which shall not affect the closing of the crossing railing (gate), and shall not knock against or drill holes.

4. At a signalized railway crossing, when two red lights flash alternately or the red lights are stable, it means that the train is close to the crossing, and vehicles and pedestrians are prohibited from passing.

5. When the red light is off and the white light is on, it means that the crossing is open and vehicles and pedestrians are allowed to pass.

6, in case of crossing signal red light and white light goes out at the same time, need to stop and stop for observation, after confirmed safe, allowed to pass.

7. Vehicles and pedestrians must stop or stop to look out when passing through unattended crossings and pedestrian crossings with crossing signals. Only when there are no trains coming from both ends can you pass.

Part II: Common sense of fire safety.

First, the basic knowledge:

1, combustion must meet three conditions: combustible, combustion-supporting and fire source.

2. Common fire sources are: open flame, high-temperature object, Mars, electric spark, strong light, etc.

3. The fires caused by life factors mainly include: careless use of fire, careless use of electricity, careless use of oil and gas, careless smoking, playing with fire, setting off fireworks and firecrackers, etc.

4. Flammable items at home include: wooden furniture, bedding curtains, clothes, sofas, books, gas tanks, etc.

Second, fire prevention in schools and public places.

1. It is forbidden for students to bring fireworks, cannons, matches and other inflammable and explosive articles into the school.

2. The inflammable and explosive articles used in the experiment should be stored in a special warehouse and should be carried with you when used. Don't store them on site.

3, pay attention to regularly check the installation and use of electrical equipment, to cut off the power supply after use.

4. Do not carry kindling and inflammable and explosive articles (such as gasoline and essence) to public places or take public transportation.

Third, forest fire prevention.

1. When teachers and parents take their children out for an outing, hunting, grazing and herb gathering, don't bring kindling into the mountains, and don't smoke in the mountains.

2. When the school organizes students to travel to mountainous areas, it is forbidden to organize picnics, bonfire parties and other activities.

Fourth, family fire prevention.

1, use fire safely

(1) Chimneys should be far away from wires, ceilings, wooden walls, doors and windows at least 0.2m apart.

(2) There should be protection around the furnace body or more than 0.5m away from combustible materials.

(3) Don't dump ashes and slag, and don't touch flammable materials. It is best to have a fixed safe place, especially in windy days.

(4) Don't use gasoline, diesel and essence to ignite.

2. Safe use of liquefied petroleum gas

(1) LPG cookers should not be placed in bedrooms, offices, balconies, warehouses, auditoriums and other public places to prevent air leakage and fire.

(2) correctly master the use of the switch, wait for the fire, not the gas, and remember to turn off the valve and switch after use. If the valve is broken, it should be replaced in time. Don't let children use cookers or play with switches at will.

(3) When using liquefied gas, someone should be guarded, away from it, and adjust the rotor size at any time to prevent the soup from overflowing to douse the flame or being blown out by the wind, resulting in gas leakage.

(4) Liquefied gas tanks should be upright, not upside down, and cannot be cooked or baked with fire.

(5) If the gas leaks, measures should be taken immediately: open the doors and windows, ventilate with a fan (but not an electric fan), and then find the leaking part.

Five, the basic knowledge of fire fighting

1, isolation method: This is a method to eliminate combustible materials.

2. Asphyxiation method: prevent air from flowing into the combustion zone, reduce the oxygen content in the air, and make the fire source go out under the condition of insufficient oxygen.

3. Cooling method: spray water or other fire extinguishing agents on the combustible materials to lower the temperature of the combustible materials below the ignition point and force the combustion of the materials to stop; Or spray water and fire extinguishing agent to combustible materials near the fire source to reduce the temperature of combustible materials and avoid the expansion of the fire.

4. Emergency measures for minor fires:

If there is a fire, you should call the police in time. Students should also master simple and easy methods to deal with sudden small fires.

(1) Water is the most commonly used fire extinguishing agent. Fires such as wood, paper and cotton cloth can be put out directly with water.

(2) quickly covering the fire with mud, sand, soaked quilts or blankets can effectively extinguish the fire.

(3) Small fires can also be put out with a broom or mop.

(4) Oil, alcohol and other fires should not be put out with water, but can be quickly covered with sand or soaked quilts.

(5) In case of gas fire, cover the ignition point with a wet towel and quickly cut off the gas source.

(6) When the electrical appliance is on fire, don't put it out with water or cover it with damp items. Water is a conductor, so you will get an electric shock. The correct way is to cut off the power supply first and then put out the fire.

(7) If conditions permit, you can also learn how to use some simple fire extinguishers.

Sixth, call the police.

In case of fire, call "1 19" to give an alarm to the fire brigade, and immediately organize personnel to put out the fire. When fighting, save people first, then save people, focus first, then put out the fire, and pay attention to disaster relief with the wind, especially in the field fire. When putting out a fire, generally use local materials, such as water, sand, soil and other fire extinguishing equipment, especially try to control the spread of the fire. It is strictly forbidden to mobilize and organize primary and secondary school students to participate in forest fire fighting. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the education and management of primary and secondary school students who are not allowed to participate in forest fire fighting. In case of spontaneous forest fire fighting, schools and relevant departments should dissuade them in time to prevent unnecessary casualties.

Attention should be paid to the following points when alarming:

1, indicating the district (county), street, township or village where the fire unit or household is located. When there are duplicate names, distinguish them so as not to find the wrong one. There are similar or confusing words in place names or unit names, which should be emphasized and clarified.

2, to be clear, to the whole unit and street, lane name, don't use abbreviations.

3. Explain what substance is on fire and how big the fire is. This is convenient for the fire brigade to decide the vehicles and police force it dispatched according to the burning object and the size of the fire.

4. Explain the name and telephone number of the alarm person, because the telephone used by the alarm person is often close to the fire site. The fire brigade can use this telephone to ask the alarm person about the development of the fire site before the dispatched forces arrive, which is convenient for command and mobilization.

5, after the alarm, should be familiar with the situation to the nearest intersection to meet the fire truck or guide channel, provide water location, etc. , in order to quickly put out the fire.

Seven, self-help and escape

1, building fire escape

(1) Analyze calmly and don't act blindly. Be clear about your floor, remember the location and direction of stairs and doors; Analyze the surrounding fire, don't blindly open the window to open the door, otherwise it will add fuel to the fire, and don't blindly run and jump off the building, causing undue casualties.

(2) Choose an escape method and don't panic. If you must rush out of the building from fireworks, wrap your head and face, especially your mouth and nose, with wet towels, clothes and other clothes, and walk in a low posture to avoid suffocation. If there is a fire downstairs, but it is not big, rush out of the stairs. If the stairs are broken and can't be washed out, you can use the tiger window, balcony and leaky pipe of the house, or tie them to solid doors and windows and heavy objects with ropes (which can be torn into ropes by clothes or bedding) and slide down from the windows. If you are forced to jump from the second or third floor without the above methods, you should also throw some quilts and other things at this position to increase the buffer, and then press the windowsill to reduce the falling height and ensure that your feet land. If all kinds of escape routes are cut off by fire, retreat indoors and close the doors and windows. If possible, water the doors and windows to delay the spread of the fire. You can also throw things out of the window and use a flashlight for help.

Don't use the elevator in the burning building.

In case of fire, don't take the elevator, because the elevator shaft goes straight to all floors of the building, which is full of smoke and heat, otherwise it will easily flood in. Because of stack effect, passengers can't bear the smoke and fire, and the elevator will be out of control or even deformed at high temperature. When putting out a fire, water easily flows into the elevator under the action of water stains, which causes the danger of electric shock, and passengers are easily trapped inside, which is life-threatening.

If household appliances or gas stoves catch fire, turn off the power supply or the switch of the cooker quickly, and do not splash water on the appliances, wires or gas stoves.

3, personal fire self-help methods

If you are on fire, don't run, or it will burn more and more brightly. You can try to take off your coat and hat, but you can tear it off and throw it away before it's too late. If it is too late, you can lie on the ground and roll, or jump into ponds, pools and rivers. If there are other people present, you can use wet sacks, blankets, etc. Put fire on people. Never spray a fire extinguisher directly on a burning person, because drugs can cause wound infection.

Eight, why can't you pile things in the corridor?

Every building should have stairs, which are usually used to let people go up and down the stairs. In case of fire and other emergencies, it is also the main channel for evacuation. If there are sundries, they should be removed in time. Therefore, for the sake of safety, the stairs must be kept clear.