General technical description

(A) the educational value of this module

Technology and Design 1 is a compulsory course for all senior three students, and it is also an introductory module for general technology learning in senior high schools. Together with "Technology and Design 2", it provides the necessary foundation for subsequent elective courses and sets the minimum technical literacy level for high school graduates.

(B) the significance of this module content settings

Technology and Design II includes four themes: technology and its essence, design process, design communication and design evaluation.

1, technology and its properties

This topic emphasizes students' basic understanding of technology, so that students can understand what technology is and all kinds of problems related to technology as a whole.

2. Design process

The design in this theme is based on product design, from the discovery of problems to the formulation of design scheme, the production of prototype and model, the optimization of scheme, and finally the final scheme is determined, forming a complete design process.

In this part, the design process is roughly divided into five stages: a, finding and clarifying problems; B, make a design plan; C, making models or prototypes; D, scheme optimization; E. instructions for use of the product. This is a general process, but it is not a prescribed procedure. In the actual design process, this order may be changed or repeated.

3. Design communication,

This theme emphasizes:

(1) During and after the design, you can exchange design ideas and achievements with others in an appropriate way, and extract valuable information from the exchange.

(2) Understand the types and applications of technical languages, understand common technical drawings such as general machining drawings, circuit diagrams and renderings, and draw sketches and simple three views.

4. Design evaluation

This theme emphasizes:

(1) can evaluate according to the requirements of each stage in the design process, and establish the consciousness of quality management.

(2) Be able to conduct simple technical tests as required, evaluate them and write test reports.

(3) Be able to evaluate the design process and final product in many aspects according to the design requirements, and write a design summary report.

(4) to be able to make their own evaluation of other people's existing technology products and write a comprehensive evaluation report.

Through communication and design evaluation, students should be able to:

(1) Learn to design various expressions, especially the application of technical language.

(2) Learn how to evaluate yourself, others or existing technical products and technologies, improve the ability of selection and decision-making, and cultivate the awareness of quality and continuous improvement.

5. Analysis of the characteristics of teaching materials

According to the requirements of curriculum standards, this textbook integrates four themes: technology and design 1: technology and its essence, design process, design communication and design evaluation, and is arranged into five chapters.

Technology and design 1

Chapter 1: Entering the technical world. It includes five parts: technology originates from human needs and desires, technological invention and innovation, technology needs comprehensive knowledge, technology application has two sides, and intellectual property rights and their protection.

Chapter II Stepping into the Design Hall. Including "unveiling the veil of design", "basic principle of design" and "relationship between design and technology".

Chapter III Experience Design Practice. It includes three parts: the determination of design theme, the formulation of design scheme and the expression and communication of design.

The fourth chapter shows the design results. It includes four parts: materials, tools and equipment knowledge, process knowledge and prototype and model making.

The fifth chapter creates a new design concept again. Including "how to realize innovative design", "cognitive technology test", "evaluation and optimization design" and "writing product instruction manual".

Two. The difference between general technology and labor technology courses

The teaching purpose of labor technology course is to cultivate students' labor concept, attitude and habit, and focus on teaching students some basic skills, such as motorcycle maintenance and carpentry.

General technical education is not only different from vocational technical education which specializes in training a skill, but also different from traditional labor technical courses which emphasize the moral education function of labor and skill training. Cultivate students' innovative spirit and practical ability, and improve their technical literacy. Its content needs to be modernized and integrated with the technical education in developed countries. "General Technology" is a course based on practice, with emphasis on creation, strong comprehensiveness and integration of science and humanities.

Third, why do you want to learn general technology?

With the rapid development of science and technology, technology has increasingly become an almost ubiquitous and ubiquitous objective existence in our lives and an important factor in social development and progress. Therefore, technical literacy is the basic literacy of contemporary teenagers, and general technical courses are compulsory for everyone in ordinary high schools.

The international situation and the present situation of China

1) The international community generally believes that technical education is the education of the basic literacy of future members of society, the education of developing people's potential and promoting the development of people's thinking, and the education that everyone must accept and experience. 1996 The report "Learning: Inner Wealth" issued by the Education Committee of UNESCO International 2 1 Century established that the purpose of future-oriented lifelong education is "four basic learning", namely, "learn to recognize", "learn to do things", "learn to get along" and "learn to survive"; To "learn to do things" and cultivate practical ability is not only to master some operational skills and learn some practical methods that are inconvenient to repeat; Under the future industrial conditions, "learning to do things" means changing from "qualification view" to "ability view"

2) Other countries offer technical courses earlier. For example, there are four categories of labor skills in German middle schools: technology, economy, housekeeping and occupation. 1989 In April, the Australian Board of Education put forward ten goals of Australian education, including strengthening labor and technical education. In the curriculum standards of American States, specific and different types of comprehensive practical activities are designed, mainly including technology and design learning; The design technology curriculum in Britain requires students to use their hands and brains; Since the Second World War, Japan has put forward the slogan of "building the country through science and technology" and developed it into the slogan of "building the country through scientific and technological innovation". In high school, courses such as basic home economics, comprehensive home economics and life science and technology are included in credits. Canada takes basic skills, life skills and family economy as compulsory courses in senior high schools, and also offers elective courses.

General technology and ability training

Fourth, how to learn "general technology"

(A) the characteristics of general technical courses in ordinary high schools

1. Practice-based courses

General technology is based on students' direct experience and personal experience, based on "learning by doing" and "learning by doing". It is based on students' personal experience, hands-on operation and personal experience, emphasizing students' full participation and full participation. Each learner gains rich "operation" experience through observation, investigation, design, production, experiment and other activities, and then obtains the development of emotional attitude, values and technical ability.

2. Highly integrated curriculum

General technology is highly comprehensive and transcends the discipline system. It emphasizes the connection and comprehensive application of various disciplines and knowledge. In learning, students should not only comprehensively use the existing knowledge of Chinese, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, history, society and art, but also integrate into the consciousness of economy, law, ethics, psychology, environmental protection and aesthetics. Students' technical learning activities are not only the comprehensive application of existing knowledge and skills, but also the comprehensive learning of new knowledge and new ability.

3. A course focusing on creativity

The essence of technology lies in creation, and general technology is a curriculum centered on creation. Through the acquisition, processing, management, expression and exchange of information, through the design, production and evaluation of technology, through the application of technical ideas and methods and the solution of practical problems, it provides students with a broad stage to show their creativity, which is an important carrier and an effective way to cultivate students' innovative spirit and practical ability.

4. Courses that integrate science and humanities.

Technology is a form of human cultural wealth accumulation. Any technology, while condensing certain principles and methods and embodying scientific nature, carries rich cultural information and embodies certain humanistic characteristics. General technology should not only attract students' participation with its inherent mystery, creativity and unique power, but also impress students' hearts with its sense of art, culture and moral responsibility.

(B) the curriculum structure and credit settings

Compulsory module: Technology and Design 1 (2 credits)

Technology and Design II (2 credits)

Elective module: electronic control technology (2 credits)

Architecture and Design (2 credits)

Simple robot making (2 credits)

Modern Agricultural Technology (2 credits)

Home Economics and Life Technology (2 credits)

Clothing and its design (2 credits)

Automobile Driving and Maintenance (2 credits)

Elective course module suggestion:

Complete the required 2 modules and get 4 credits, which is the minimum requirement for graduating from high school. On this basis, students can choose modules according to their own interests and the needs of future employment or further study. Students majoring in engineering and agriculture in Jianyi must take at least 4 credits after obtaining the required 4 credits, that is, * * * * will get 8 credits.

How to evaluate credit

Process evaluation: participation, operation, attendance, discussion, debate, homework, work (design and operation), examination, etc.

Summative evaluation: homework design, operation practice and examination; (the school implements the general technical credit recognition scheme);

Participate in and attend 20% homework 20% work 20% exam 40%

(4) How to study this course?

Learn to read catalogs and introductions.

Catalogue-take a look at the overall situation of this book and understand its overall structure and content;

Introduction-you can know the main spirit, ideas and methods of this book;

Learning method: 1. Make good use of teaching books; 2. Take a variety of learning methods. Autonomous learning, cooperative learning, online learning, etc. 3. Think positively and strive for more hands-on.

Clear learning objectives, learning direction, and be mentally prepared. By asking questions, task-driven, case analysis, communication, technical practice, autonomy, cooperation, inquiry and other learning methods, students are guided to analyze and summarize the cases in life, study and society, so that students can deepen their understanding of the learning content, and thus have a strong interest and thirst for knowledge in general technology courses.

5. General technology involves the following aspects:

Technology and design 1

Technology and design ii

Electronic control technology

Simple robot making

Automobile driving and maintenance

Clothing and its design

Home Economics and Life Science and Technology

Architecture and its design

Modern agricultural technology

Six. General technical teacher job requirements:

1, can be competent for physics teaching and physics laboratory work.