In terms of economic aggregate index, Qingdao mostly surpasses Dalian, but Qingdao is strong outside and dry inside, and Dalian locals and local governments have more money than Qingdao, such as retail sales of social goods and local financial expenditure. Obviously, Qingdao is a bit weak in the outside world, but it has no interest when it is famous. Qingdao's industry is stronger than Dalian's, but Dalian's tertiary industry is stronger than Qingdao. The total tax revenue of Qingdao is 7 billion yuan more than that of Dalian, but the local control fiscal expenditure of Dalian is 700 million yuan more than that of Qingdao. Obviously, Qingdao's national tax payment is more than 6 billion yuan than Dalian's, that is, Dalian's local control fiscal expenditure and payment ratio is 70: 30, while Qingdao's local control fiscal expenditure and payment ratio is 45: 55.
In terms of per capita economic indicators, Dalian mostly surpasses Qingdao, but Dalian is a material that benefits the people. Because Qingdao's population (7 1.6 million) is larger than Dalian's (5.58 million), Dalian's per capita economic indicators, especially those related to people's actual income level and living standards, are still significantly stronger than Qingdao's. Dalian is obviously weak outside and strong inside, and the people are more affordable than Qingdao.
In terms of competitiveness, Qingdao and Dalian have their own advantages and disadvantages, but most of them are better than Qingdao. In recent years, there are dozens of rankings of urban competitiveness, most of which are that Dalian is stronger than Qingdao, and many Dalian ranks in the top ten, while Qingdao can't even rank tenth.
If you compare the advantages and disadvantages, Qingdao and Dalian have their own advantages.
A few years ago, Dalian paid too much attention to the city image construction, failed to build an influential brand-name large enterprise group, the industrial development was relatively slow, and the income level of citizens did not improve significantly. Qingdao has strong industrial enterprises, but its comprehensive advantages are not outstanding, its economic hinterland is small, there are few colleges and universities and its scientific and technological strength is weak. In recent years, many cities are not in the forefront.
1. In terms of strong enterprises, Qingdao is stronger than Dalian. Although Dalian enterprises are far from Qingdao Haier and Tsingtao Beer at present. There are also many powerful enterprises in Dalian, such as the second largest retail group in China. Wanda is also one of the real estate predators in China; Dalian Shipyard, Dalian New Shipyard and Dalian Locomotive Works are second to none in China and are well-known internationally. Daxian, Shide, Iceberg Group, Wazhou, Huafeng Furniture and Luomei Pharmaceutical are also quite famous in China. Dalian Commodity Exchange is one of the three major futures exchanges in China, with the largest futures trading volume in China and the largest soybean futures trading volume in the world recently.
Dalian is better than Qingdao in education and science and technology. There are many marine talents in Qingdao, including 33 academicians, and half of the marine scientific talents in China are concentrated in Qingdao. But on the whole, Qingdao's scientific and technological strength and talent advantage are not as good as Dalian's.
There are almost 20 colleges and universities in Dalian, including Dalian University of Technology, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian Medical University, dalian university of foreign languages, Dalian Railway College, Dalian Fisheries College, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian University, Dalian University for Nationalities and other *** 14 colleges and universities with complete categories. There are also military academies such as Naval Academy and Dalian Army Academy. There are famous research institutions such as Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Generally speaking, the strength of scientific and technological talents in Dalian is much stronger than that in Qingdao. Dalian Institute of Technology, Maritime Affairs and Northeast Finance are well-known in China. There are only five or six universities in Qingdao, and only Ocean University is well-known in China. Scientific research institutes are quite. Ten state-level software parks planned by the state (Zhuhai later won one, *** 1 1) are available in Dalian, but unfortunately Qingdao does not. In the survey of college students' urban employment tendency made by the Ministry of Education, Dalian ranks fifth after Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen and Guangzhou, and its attraction to talents is much higher than Qingdao.
In computer software development, Dalian is obviously ahead of Qingdao. Dalian is the only "Software Industry Internationalization Demonstration City" approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology. The State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs approved Dalian to establish the first "National International Training Base for Software Talents". Dalian Software Park was recognized as "National Software Industry Base" by the State Planning Commission and the Ministry of Information Industry, with more than 65,438+000 enterprises entering the park.
3. In terms of port development, Qingdao and Dalian have their own advantages and disadvantages. Among the four international deep-water ports planned by the state, there are Dayao Bay in Dalian, Beilun in Ningbo, Meizhou Bay in Fujian, Yantian in Shenzhen and Qingdao. The North-South Passage and Bohai Ferry Project under construction will make Dalian a hub of land, sea and air transportation and change Dalian's unfavorable position on the peninsula. There are many excellent harbors in Dalian, but in recent years, the growth rate of port throughput in Dalian ranks first among the eight ports in China for three consecutive years. Dalian's port container and foreign trade cargo throughput is only half that of Qingdao, and the growth rate is far behind Qingdao. Although Qingdao Port is not one of the four deep-water ports planned by the state, its development in recent years is obviously stronger than that in Dalian. Qingdao Port also has potential. Qingdao JIAOZHOU bay is one of the few excellent seaports in Asia with a small mouth and a big belly. It goes deep inland and doesn't even need a breakwater.
In terms of economic hinterland, Qingdao and Dalian are evenly matched. Dalian's economic hinterland is relatively stable, in the northeast and eastern Inner Mongolia, and can also be extended to the Russian Far East. It is the only large port city and economic development leader in this region. From the perspective of geography and port conditions, Dalian is more likely to become the shipping center of northern countries. At present, the economic depression in the northeast of Dalian hinterland is a major factor restricting Dalian from becoming a shipping center. If the state-owned enterprises in Liaoning and even the three northeastern provinces improve, the regional advantages of Dalian will be fully displayed. In the long run, there are three northeastern provinces with rich natural resources and relatively developed industries, such as oil, coal and forest, which can even be traced back to Russia. Dalian will be the only seaport. At present, the radiation range of Dalian is at best 100 million people in the three northeastern provinces. Within 200 kilometers around, there are no prefecture-level cities, isolated in southern Liaoning, and the industrial support and concentration are not high. However, the construction of the North-South Passage and the Bohai Ferry Project in the future will make Dalian a land, sea and air transportation hub and change Dalian's unfavorable position on the peninsula.
The main hinterland of Qingdao is Shandong, which is the only large port in Shandong. The potential hinterland of Qingdao is much larger than that of Dalian. Behind Qingdao is the Yellow River Basin with a population of 300 million, and the economic scale of Shandong alone is equivalent to that of the three northeastern provinces. After the completion of the China-Weifang-Taiyuan Railway, the distance from Qingdao to Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang and Qinghai has been greatly shortened, and a new economic belt has been extended, and the eastern leader of this economic belt is undoubtedly Qingdao. Qingdao-Jinan-Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan-Yinchuan economic corridor has been strung together. The completion of jiaozhou-xinyi railway will integrate Qingdao into the Longhai Economic Belt, and it has the ability to become the leader in the east. Jiaozhou-xinyi railway expanded Qingdao's radiation to the south and west. After completion, it takes only three hours for Qingdao to get to Linyi, which greatly promotes the economic development of 30 million people in southern Shandong and opens up a new hinterland of Qingdao. Although the hinterland of Qingdao can extend to the Yellow River basin, the northern and northwestern regions of the Yellow River basin may not necessarily become the hinterland of Qingdao, because Qingdao is sandwiched between Tianjin and Shanghai and faces competition. Therefore, although the container throughput of Qingdao is higher than that of Dalian at present, Qingdao faces many competitors, including Weihai and Yantai to the east of Guangshan. There is indeed a gap in the development of the two cities in recent years, but it is mainly caused by the regional gap, and the contrast between the two cities is only a microcosm. Qingdao is surrounded by several ports inside and outside the province, and the hinterland can only be decided in fierce competition.
In terms of development disadvantage, Qingdao is higher than Dalian. Dalian is relatively open and flat. The urban area of Qingdao is very narrow, and the cost of urban construction is obviously higher than that of Dalian. Dalian does not have the problem of Qingdao's "green and yellow". Around the government-led shift of Qingdao's economic center of gravity across the sea to the west, Huangdao, which was originally calm, began to be lively and agitated. However, the lack of development space makes it difficult to implement the cross-sea bridge project, and the development of Qianwan Port is strongly opposed, making it difficult to move westward smoothly. After the project of the Bay Bridge has been planned for a long time, although the wind of preparation is heard from time to time, it has never turned into practical action.
Restricted by the external environment, Dalian's influence is greater than Qingdao's in recent years. Dalian attracts too much foreign investment from Japan, and the long-term economic downturn in Japan is not good for Dalian; The pain of Japan also caused the pain of Dalian. At present, Dalian's investment promotion has focused on decentralization and turned to Europe and the United States. The other is that the continuous economic downturn in Northeast China has also affected the development of Dalian, especially Dalian Port. In recent years, the slow growth of cargo throughput and container throughput in Dalian Port is not unrelated to this.