The troops scheduled to take part in the uprising are: the 20th Army of the 2nd Army of the 4th Army of the National Revolutionary Army, the 24th Division of the 11th Army, the 1st Division of the 10th Army, the 25th Division of the 4th Army, the officers' education group of the 3rd Army of the 5th Army and Nanchang Police Force, with a total of more than 20,000 people. On July 27th, Zhu De, Liu Bocheng, Hui, Peng Pai, Ye Ting, Nie and other leaders of Jiangxi Party organizations attended an important meeting in Nanchang, and a staff committee with Liu Bocheng as the chief of staff, Ye Ting and He Long as members, and He Long and Ye Ting as the commander-in-chief of the former enemies was established.
At 2 am on August 1 Sunday, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, He Long, Ye Ting, Liu Bocheng, etc. Command all the insurgents to attack the Kuomintang troops stationed in Nanchang. After more than four hours of fierce fighting, more than 3,000 people were annihilated, more than 5,000 guns, more than 10,000 rounds of bullets/kloc-0 and several cannons were seized, and Nanchang City was occupied. On the morning of the same day, a joint meeting of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang and representatives of various provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and overseas parties and departments was held in Nanchang, and the Central Declaration was adopted. The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, composed of 25 members including Soong Ching Ling, Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting and Zhu De, was established, and the Declaration of the August 1st Uprising and other documents were adopted, proposing "Down with imperialism", "Down with old and new warlords" and "Tillers". At the same time, the uprising troops were reorganized, still using the designation of the Second Army of the National Revolutionary Army, with He Long as the commander-in-chief. Because of the enemy's massive attack on Nanchang, the Central Front Committee decided that according to the central plan, the uprising troops left Nanchang from August 3 to 6 and marched south, passing through Linchuan, Yihuang and Guangchang, and went straight to Chaoshan, Guangdong. The purpose of doing this is to prepare to join the peasant uprising army in Dongjiang, Guangdong Province, which is rich in revolutionary tradition, launch the agrarian revolution, March into Guangzhou, restore the revolutionary base areas in Guangdong Province, seize the seaport, obtain international assistance from * * *, and resume the Northern Expedition.
Uprising troops defeated the interception of reactionary Kuomintang troops in Ruijin, Huichang and other places in Jiangxi, then passed through Changting, Fujian, Shanghang and Tai Po, Guangdong, and occupied Chaozhou and Shantou in late September. The main force marched westward, passing Jieyang to Tangkeng. At the beginning of 10, the westward troops and troops stationed in Chaoshan were besieged by superior enemy forces, and most of the uprising troops were scattered, and some broke through to Hailufeng to join the local peasant armed forces; The other, led by Zhu De and Chen Yi, moved to southern Hunan through southern Jiangxi and northern Guangdong to carry out guerrilla warfare. 1928 1 With the cooperation of local party organizations and peasant armed forces in southern Hunan, the "Nianguan Uprising" was held in Yizhang. Because of the "co-suppression" by the superior enemy, the uprising troops and peasant armed forces withdrew from southern Hunan and arrived in Jinggangshan in April of the same year to join forces with the troops led by Mao Zedong to form the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army. Later renamed the Fourth Army of the Workers and Peasants Red Army.
1 July 933 1 1 day, on the basis of the proposal of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission on June 30th, the Chinese Soviet * * and the Provisional Central Government of People's Republic of China (PRC) decided August1day as the anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants. 1On June 5th, 949, the People's Revolutionary Military Commission of China issued an order stipulating that the flag and emblem of the China People's Liberation Army should be marked with the word "August 1st". After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), this anniversary was renamed the Army Day of China People's Liberation Army.
Nanchang Uprising is of great and far-reaching significance in the revolutionary history of China. The first shot of armed opposition to the Kuomintang reactionaries was fired, which declared the strong determination of China producers not to be afraid of violence and continue to adhere to the revolution, and marked the great beginning of China producers leading the people's revolutionary war independently and creating the people's army. Nanchang Uprising was the starting point of the Second Revolutionary Civil War, and the troops it preserved became one of the backbones of the Red Army of Workers and Peasants. The "August 1st" Nanchang Uprising produced many senior generals of China People's Liberation Army. 1955 awarded the top ten marshals, including Zhu De, Liu Bocheng, He Long, Chen Yi, Nie, Ye Jianying and Lin Biao who participated in the uprising. Among the top ten generals, six were from Nanchang Uprising, including Zhang Yunyi, Xu Guangda, Li Yu, Xu Haidong, Tan Zheng and Luo Ruiqing.
In the long war, many important generals who participated in the Nanchang Uprising failed to see the final victory. For example, Ye Ting, a famous Northern Expedition star, was one of the main forces of the Nanchang Uprising, who led the former deputy commander of the 11th Army and the first division commander of the 24th Division. After the uprising, Ye Ting served as commander-in-chief of the former enemy and commander of the New Fourth Army during the Anti-Japanese War, and died in a plane crash on April 8, 1946.
Many people may have heard this song, "Down with the great powers, down with the great powers, except warlords! The national revolution is successful, the national revolution is successful, sing together, sing together! " This song named "Song of the National Revolution" has been sung all over the country. Liao Ganwu, the lyricist, was the former director of the Political Department of the Fourth Front Army of Nanchang Uprising, with the rank of Lieutenant General. After the uprising, he served as the representative of the 20th Army (the commander was He Long) and concurrently served as the Secretary-General of the General Political Department and the Propaganda Committee member. 1930 was arrested and secretly executed by the Kuomintang in Changsha.
Peng Ganchen was the operational staff of Ye Ting Independent Regiment during the Northern Expedition and the chief of staff of Wuchang garrison headquarters (Ye Ting was also the commander). After the Nanchang Uprising began, Peng Ganchen led his troops to quickly occupy the Kuomintang Public Security Bureau and its post, and immediately set up Nanchang garrison headquarters in the Public Security Bureau. On the second day of Nanchang Uprising, Peng Ganchen was appointed as the director and police commander of Nanchang Public Security Bureau. 1935, died heroically on the way north with the Red Ten Army led by Fang Zhimin.
Due to historical mistakes, some generals who participated in the Nanchang Uprising failed to complete their military career under the banner of our army.
Nanchang Uprising in Cai Tingkai, a famous anti-Japanese star, was the former commander of the 10th Division. During the uprising, Cai held a meeting in Lushan Mountain (the plan of depriving Ye Ting and He Long of military power was discussed at the meeting, and then the information was secretly leaked by the chief of staff of the Second Army and the Fourth Army, party member Ye Jianying, and the uprising was led by Ye and He Nai). After the meeting, Cai Tingkai saw that the whole division had gone south to Nanchang. He had no choice but to catch up with the troops and return to the 10 division. But in the south, due to the limitation of understanding, Cai Tingkai led the troops away from the insurgents. Later, he served as commander-in-chief of the Kuomintang army and commander-in-chief of the group army.
Hou Jingru was the head of the training regiment of the 20th Army of He Long during the August 1st Uprising. After the uprising broke out, he led the troops as the vanguard of the 20th Army, and fought hard to defeat the 79th Kuomintang Regiment, killing more than 1000 people, making an important contribution to the Nanchang Uprising that shocked China and foreign countries. 193 1 year, due to Gu's rebellion, the central government's institutions in Shanghai were greatly damaged and they lost contact with the party organizations. Later, he served as the commander of the Kuomintang and the commander of the Corps.
Nanchang uprising troops were finally scattered, with few victims and incomplete records of martyrs. Famous figures are: He Wenxuan and He, who were then the deputy division commander of the 2nd Division and the head of the 4th Regiment of the 20th Army of the National Revolutionary Army. He was wounded in the battle of Rentian in Jiangxi, which went south to Guangdong, and then he went to Shanghai to die.
Celebrities who participated in the Long March after Nanchang Uprising: Zhang, Zhang, Lin.
He Long is the 20th army commander of the National Revolutionary Army. In the Northern Expedition, this unit was called the "Iron Army", and it was also called the "Iron Army" of the 4 th Army where Ye Ting Independent Regiment was located. He Long was a senior general in the old army, and all forces were wooing him at that time. But he believed in the * * * production party, resolutely participated in the uprising and served as the commander-in-chief of the uprising. He has the largest number of troops and is the main force of the rebels. After the failure of the uprising, He Long sneaked back to Honghu to raise the red flag and launched the Red Army Corps. Later, he served as the commander-in-chief of the Red Army Corps and became the representative of our army. 1955, He Long was awarded the rank of Marshal.
Zhu De was then the General Staff of the Fifth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, the head of the officers' education group of the Third Army, and the director of Nanchang Public Security Bureau. Zhu De, who had participated in the defense of Yuan, was older in the army, but had no position in the party. During the uprising, Zhu De was not obvious, and his position was empty-handed. It was only after the division of Sanheba that an army was independently mastered. After the main rebel forces in He Long, Ye Ting and other places were scattered, Zhu De stubbornly preserved the troops he led, launched riots in southern Hunan and went to Jinggangshan, and finally established his historical position as the "father of the Red Army". 1955, Zhu De was awarded the rank of Marshal.
Liu Bocheng, then commander of the National Revolutionary Army 15 Army, had always been known as a "famous soldier in Sichuan". 15 army is just an empty shelf. Liu Bocheng served as the chief of staff of the Rebel Army, making plans for the uprising. After the failure of the uprising, Liu Bocheng went to the Soviet Union to study military affairs, and then returned to China as the chief of staff of the Central Red Army. 1955, Liu Bocheng was awarded the rank of Marshal.
Ye Jianying was the chief of staff of the Fourth Army of the Second Army of the National Revolutionary Army. Ye is a famous young general of Guangdong Army, and both Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei attach great importance to him. He is one of the founders of Whampoa Military Academy. He had long been inclined to the * * * production party, but he could not join the party because of his status as a senior general. It was not until the eve of the uprising that he got his wish. Ye Jianying did not take part in the uprising directly, but revealed to He Long and Ye Ting at the "rowing boat" meeting in Gantang Lake that Wang Jingwei wanted to solve their plot by force, which made an important contribution to the smooth implementation of the uprising. Ye Jianying later took part in the Guangzhou Uprising and became one of the founding fathers. 1955, Ye Jianying was awarded the rank of Marshal.
Nie Rongzhen, the former political instructor of Whampoa Military Academy, was appointed by Zhou Enlai as the former military commission secretary of the uprising. After the failure of the uprising, Nie left Hong Kong with a serious illness and transferred to the Guangdong Military Commission. Nie Rongzhen later went to the Central Soviet Area, became the political commissar of the Red Army Corps, and entered the ranks of senior generals of our army. 1955 was awarded the rank of marshal.
Lin Biao, a student of Huangpu Phase IV, is the company commander of the 7 th Battalion of the 73rd Regiment1KLOC-0/Army. The 25th Division was stationed in Ma Huiling, and the uprising had ended when it arrived in Nanchang. The 25th Division of Sanheba was commanded by Zhu De, and it was retained after the reorganization of Tianxinwei. Lin Biao was one of eight hundred heroes at that time. Lin Biao has a lot of brains and flexible command, and he soon grew up. After going to Jinggangshan, Lin Biao's military talents were more revealed, and he finally came from behind and became a senior general of our army. 1955, Lin Biao was awarded the rank of Marshal.
Su Yu, then the monitor of the 24th Division of the National Revolutionary Army 1 1, was responsible for guarding the headquarters of the former enemy in Zhou Enlai during the uprising. Su Yu fought Zhu De and his men after dividing his troops in Sanheba, and was also one of eight hundred heroes after the rectification of Tianxinwei, and went all the way to Jinggangshan. Su Yu didn't stand out in the Red Army period, but made his mark in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and became a blockbuster in the War of Liberation, becoming the senior commander of our army commanding a large strategic area. 1955, Su Yu was awarded the rank of general.
Chen Geng, a student of Huangpu Phase I, was then the battalion commander of the 2nd Battalion of the 6th Regiment of the 3rd Division of the 20th National Revolutionary Army. In the Battle of Huichang, when the uprising went south, Chen Geng broke his leg and stayed in Changting Gospel Hospital for illness. After that, he returned to Shanghai under the escort of Lu Dongsheng, a security guard, and worked in Cote, China. Chen Geng later became the commander of the Red Fourth Army and the head of the Red Army Cadre Corps. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression was the brigade commander of the 386th Brigade of the Eighth Route Army129th Division, the commander of the 4th Corps of the Second Field Army during the War of Liberation, and later became a senior general. 1955, Chen Geng was awarded the rank of general.
Zhou Shidi, a student of Huangpu Phase I, was the chief of staff of Ye Ting Independent Regiment, head of the 73rd Regiment of the 25th Division of the National Revolutionary Army 1 1 Army, and served as the division commander of the 25th Division after the uprising. After the defeat of Sanheba, Zhou Shidi left the army and returned to Shanghai. I lost contact with the Party for a while and joined a "Huangpu Revolutionary Homecoming". After Zhou Shidi followed He Long as the chief of staff of the Red Second Army and the Eighth Route Army 120 Division, and served as the commander of the North China Field Army 18 Corps during the War of Liberation. 1955, Zhou Shidi was awarded the rank of general.
Zhou Zikun worked in the Second Army of the National Revolutionary Army (1 1 Army). After the Nanchang Uprising, he followed Zhu De to southern Hunan. Later, he served as deputy chief of staff of the New Fourth Army. 194 1 died in the southern Anhui incident.
Lu Dongsheng was an adjutant in the 2nd Battalion, 6th Regiment, 3rd Division, 20th Army of the National Revolutionary Army. After the Battle of Huichang, Chen Geng was escorted to Shanghai. Later, he followed He Long to Xiangxi and Hubei and became a senior general of the Red Army Corps. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he served as the brigade commander of the 358th Brigade of the Eighth Route Army120th Division. Because of the struggle against warlordism, he went to the Soviet Union to study military affairs. 1945 returned to the northeast with the Soviet Red Army and served as the commander of the Songdong Military Region. 1945 12 13. Lu Dongsheng was robbed by several Soviet Red Army men on his way out. After revealing their identity, the Soviet soldiers were afraid of being punished and suddenly shot and killed them.
Peng Ganchen, a student of Huangpu Phase I, was then the director of Nanchang Public Security Bureau. After the failure of the uprising, he was sent to the northeast of Jiangxi by the Central Committee to create the Red Army with Fang Zhimin, and served as the chief of staff of the Red Army 10 and the Red Ten Army. 1934165438+10 joined the anti-Japanese advance team of the red army led by Fang Zhimin, 1935 65438+ 10 died in northeast Jiangxi.
Tang Tianji, a senior student in Huangpu, was then the deputy company commander of the 20th National Revolutionary Army Secret Service Company. Later, he served as the chief of staff of the Red Army 3 1, participated in the Long March, and was the political commissar of the Eighth Route Army 129 Division New 1 Brigade. At that time, he was the political commissar of the 2 1 Corps of the Fourth Field Army during the Liberation War. 1955 was awarded the rank of lieutenant general.
Yuan Yelie was then the battalion commander of the 3rd Battalion of the 72nd Regiment of the 24th Division of the National Revolutionary Army. After liberation, he served as deputy chief of staff of the PLA Navy. 1955 was awarded the rank of major general.
Flood, Vietnamese, a fourth-phase student from Huangpu, took part in the Nanchang Uprising and went south with the rebels. Later, he served in the Red Army and the Eighth Route Army, and 1955 was awarded the rank of Major General.
Xu Guangda, a fifth-phase student from Huangpu, is a trainee platoon leader of the artillery battalion directly under the Second Army of the National Revolutionary Army. He failed to take part in the Nanchang Uprising, but he caught up with the insurgents. After that, he followed He Long to Xiangxi and Hubei, and then went to the Soviet Union to study military affairs. Returning to China during the War of Liberation, he served as commander of the Second Corps of the First Field Army. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as commander of armored forces, and was awarded the rank of general in 1955.
Tan Zheng successively served as a senior officer in the Red Army, the Eighth Route Army and the People's Liberation Army. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as Director of the General Political Department and Deputy Minister of National Defense. 1955 was awarded the rank of general.
Cheng, a sixth-grade student in Huangpu, failed to catch up with the rebels and returned to Guangzhou to take part in the uprising. Later, he served as commander of the Red 25th Army, deputy political commissar of the Eighth Route Army Shanxi-Chaji Military Region, and commander of the Fourth Field Army 13 Corps. After liberation, he was transferred to the the State Council system and failed to be awarded the rank.
Lu Deming, a student of Huangpu Phase II, was then the head of the Guard Corps of the Second Front Army of the National Revolutionary Army. The whole regiment failed to catch up with the Nanchang Uprising, and then participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising led by Mao Zedong, serving as the commander-in-chief of the Rebel Army. 1927 On September 23rd, he was attacked and killed by the enemy in Luxi, Pingxiang, Jiangxi.
Chen Bojun, a student of Huangpu Wuhan Branch. After failing to catch up with the insurgents, he served as the deputy commander of the Fourth Field Army of the People's Liberation Army 12 Corps. 1955 was awarded the rank of general.
Chen, captain of Huangpu student team. Later, he served as commander of the Jiangxi Military Region of the People's Liberation Army, and was awarded the rank of general in 1955.
Zhang Zongxun, a fifth-grade student in Huangpu. Later, he served as the commander of the Red Third Army Corps, the brigade commander of the 358 th Brigade of the Eighth Route Army and the deputy commander of the First Field Army of the People's Liberation Army. 1955 was awarded the rank of general.
Chen Shiju, later commander of the Eighth Corps of the Third Field Army of the People's Liberation Army, 1955 was awarded the rank of general.
Guo, a sixth-grade student in Huangpu, later served as deputy commander of the Fourth Corps of the Second Field Army of the People's Liberation Army. 1955 was awarded the rank of general.
Guo Huaruo, a fourth-grade student in Huangpu. Later, he served as the political commissar of the Ninth Corps of the Third Field Army of the People's Liberation Army. 1955 was awarded the rank of lieutenant general.
Tan Xilin is the commander of the 32nd Army of the Third Field Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. 1955 was awarded the rank of lieutenant general.
Book: Zhou Enlai
Members: Li, Yun, Peng Pai, Tan Pingshan.
Central Representative: Zhang
The Second Front Army of the National Revolutionary Army
Dai Zong refers to Bo: He Long.
Former Acting Commander in Chief: Ye Ting
Chief Counselor: Liu Bocheng.
Director of Political Department: Guo Moruo (Guo was replaced by Zhang Boju before he took office)
Twentieth army; Commander: He Long (concurrently)
Party representative: Liao Ganwu
Division 1: Section Chief: He Jinzhai
Representative of the party: Fang.
Second Division: Teacher: Qin Guangyuan
Party representative: Chen Gong
Third Division: Teacher: Zhou Yiqun.
Party representative: Xu Teli
Eleventh Army: Commander: Ye Ting.
Party representative: Nie
10th Division: Teacher: Cai Tingkai.
Party representative: Gu Yan
Teacher of the 24th Division: Ye Ting (concurrently)
Party representative: Changyi Yan
Teacher: Zhou Shidi.
Representative of the party: Li Shuoxun.
Commander of the Ninth Army: Wei Chu (not yet in office)
Deputy Commander: Zhu De.
Party representative: Zhu
Head of the Officer Education Corps: Zhu De (concurrently)
Chief of Staff of Education Corps: Chen
Director of Political Security Department: Li.