In order to safeguard the Bolshevik regime and crack down on opposition forces, 19 17 On February 20th, Lenin decided to set up a special committee of socialist state security organs to eliminate Russian counter-revolutionary and sabotage activities (referred to as Cheka). Dzerzhinsky was appointed chairman of Cheka. 19 18 In February, the Central Committee published the report of the People's Committee to the Russian working people. In the decree that "the socialist motherland is in danger", Lenin personally added that "men and women who have the ability to work in the bourgeoisie should be incorporated into trench-digging camps, and under the passive supervision of the Red Guards, the rebels will be shot. ..... All enemy agents, speculators, thugs, hooligans, counter-revolutionary instigators and German spies will be shot on the spot. " Wait, give the Cheka authorities the power to execute the death penalty without trial. 19 18 In September, Lenin publicly claimed to create a "red terror" against the bourgeois counter-revolution, which caused great panic to the society. Studies by different scholars show that from 19 17 to 1922, the number of people hanged and executed by Cheka may reach hundreds of thousands to millions. The victims are not only members of the opposition, but also civilians from all walks of life. Former Tsar Nicholas II's whole family was also killed.