1982 In September, the Twelfth National Congress of the Communist Party of China made family planning a basic national policy, and it was written into the Constitution in February 19 of the same year.

1991May, the Central Committee and the State Council made the Decision on Strengthening Family Planning and Strictly Controlling Population Growth, clearly implementing the current birth policy and strictly controlling population growth.

In September 2002, the Population and Family Planning Law of the People's Republic of China came into effect.

By 20111165438, the policy of "only having two children" will be fully implemented throughout the country.

Adjustment of population and birth policy

Since the founding of New China, with the development of economy and society, China's population and birth policy has undergone more than ten adjustments.

In 1950s, due to social stability and improvement of medical and health conditions, China ushered in the first wave of rapid population growth. After three years of natural disasters, 1962-1973, China has ushered in another birth peak with a total birth population of 320 million.

197 1 year, in order to slow down the excessive population growth at that time, the State Council issued the Report on Doing a Good Job in Family Planning. This move is considered as the real starting point of family planning work in China. By 1978, a complete set of family planning institutions and operation modes have been established throughout the country. At that time, there were two slogans: one was "late, rare and few"; The other is "more than one, two just right, more than three". The national family planning work conference held the following year changed the content of documents related to birth policy from "at most two" to "the best one". At this point, the one-child policy was officially implemented.

1982 65438+On February 4th, family planning was written into the newly revised Constitution, which stipulated: "Both husband and wife have the obligation to carry out family planning." Since then, China has strictly implemented the family planning policy, making some adjustments, such as liberalizing the "two children" policy and implementing the "one child and a half" policy in some provinces and rural areas. Over the past 30 years, there has been a major turning point in China's population development: the growth momentum of the total population has obviously weakened, but the degree of aging has been deepening, and the demographic dividend is in danger of gradually disappearing.

According to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, the total working-age population in China declined for the first time from 20 12, with a decrease of 3.45 million in that year, but the population aged 60 and over was 202.43 million, accounting for 14.9% of the total population, which was considered as a relatively high proportion by the academic circles.

Therefore, in June, 2011,the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed to adhere to the basic national policy of family planning and start the implementation of the policy that couples with one only child can have two children (that is, the policy of having two children alone).

20 14 Wang Guangzhou, a researcher at the Institute of Population and Labor Economics of China Academy of Social Sciences, led a delegation to study and demonstrate the feasibility of gradually promoting the universal two-child policy. In his view, exploring the full liberalization of the two-child policy at that time was a strategic adjustment of population development made by the decision-makers under the background of scientifically judging the domestic population situation and population problems, which not only conformed to the objective law of population development, but also met the expectations of the vast majority of people, and was of great strategic significance to improving China's population structure and family structure.

A year later, the universal two-child policy was announced. Zhang Chewei, director of the Institute of Population and Labor Economics of China Academy of Social Sciences, believes that under the background of China's aging population and decreasing labor force, the universal two-child policy actively conforms to the general demand of the masses to have two children, and is also conducive to optimizing the population structure.

The above contents refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Family Planning, China Net-New China's "Two Possibilities" era of birth policy changes is coming.