Buckwheat has a short growth period and fast growth. Fertilization should be based on base fertilizer. Generally, 7500- 1500kg/hm2 of organic fertilizer and 75kg/hm2 of urea or diammonium phosphate are applied. When sowing, some fertilizers with high phosphorus and potassium content, such as plant ash and calcium superphosphate, should be added as seed fertilizers. There are three main sowing methods of buckwheat: drill sowing, hole sowing and broadcast sowing. Among them, drilling is a widely used sowing method because of its high quality and convenient field management. When buckwheat cotyledons are unearthed, it is difficult to get whole seedlings because of their weak topping ability. The best sowing depth is 3-4 cm. The sowing amount should be determined according to soil fertility, variety type, seed germination rate, sowing method and population density. The sowing amount of common buckwheat is 37.5-45 kg/ha, and 750,000-900,000 plants are protected. 30-37.5kg/hm2, 900-65438+200,000 tartary buckwheat. Generally, drilling is used, and the row spacing is about 40cm.
The poor weather before and after the emergence of buckwheat is prone to seedling shortage, so it is necessary to break the board in time to harden or replenish seedlings and cultivate the first true leaf after the emergence. Generally, spring sowing buckwheat is cultivated 2-3 times, summer sowing buckwheat and autumn sowing buckwheat are cultivated 1-2 times, and intercropping and interplanting are carried out at the same time. Buckwheat is a cross-pollinated crop. In order to improve the seed setting rate, auxiliary pollination can be carried out. Generally, in the flowering period of buckwheat, a piece of cloth is gently pulled along the top of buckwheat every 2-3 days, and the plants are shaken to make them contact each other for pollination. The main pest of buckwheat is buckwheat, and buckwheat is the only pest that harms buckwheat Generally, insect traps and chemical control methods are used to control it. Buckwheat has a long flowering period and a great difference in seed maturity. Generally, two-thirds of the seeds of the whole plant can be harvested after maturity. At that time, one of the slogans of young intellectuals going to the countryside was: the countryside is a vast world, where they can make great achievements. There are still many young people with knowledge and culture who come to the countryside to engage in planting contract production. Buckwheat is usually sown after wheat harvest. The sowing time is short and rough, which often leads to lack of seedlings and broken ridges. In order to achieve uniform and strong seedlings, stubble should be removed according to specific conditions before sowing to create a good ecological environment for the growth and development of buckwheat.
Improving sowing quality is an important link to ensure buckwheat seedlings. Buckwheat seeds have a short life span and cannot be planted every other year. The different size, maturity and seed coat thickness of buckwheat seeds will affect the germination rate and uniformity of seeds. Therefore, air separation, screening or mud separation should be carried out before sowing. Choose big, full and fresh seeds. If seeds are soaked in warm water at 30-40℃ for 10 minutes or dried in the sun before sowing, the germination rate of seeds can be improved, germination can be advanced, and the yield and income can be increased. Buckwheat is a dicotyledonous plant, and its emergence is more difficult than that of monocotyledonous plants. So don't sow too deep, cover the soil about 3 cm, and the depth should not exceed 5 cm. There are three sowing methods of buckwheat: drill sowing, on-demand sowing and broadcast sowing, among which drill sowing is widely used in our region. Sowing amount per mu is 2-3kg.