Wetlands, forests and oceans are also called the three major ecosystems in the world, and they are known as "kidney of the earth". A healthy wetland ecosystem is an important part of the national ecological security system and plays an increasingly important role in economic and social development. Last year, the State Council approved the National Wetland Protection Project Plan, which defined the guiding ideology, mission objectives, construction priorities and main measures of wetland protection. Recently, the General Office of the State Council issued the Notice on Strengthening Wetland Protection and Management, pointing out that wetland protection is an important part of ecological construction, and that it is an important responsibility of governments at all levels to clearly protect wetlands, requiring forestry departments to do a good job in organization and coordination, and make arrangements for further strengthening wetland protection and management. Wetland protection in China has ushered in an unprecedented development opportunity. According to the definition of the Convention on Wetlands, wetlands refer to natural or man-made, permanent or temporary swamps, peatlands and water bodies (with still or flowing fresh water or salt water bodies), including sea areas with a water depth of less than 6 meters at low tide. Wetlands have ecological functions such as water conservation, water purification, flood storage, climate regulation and biodiversity maintenance. China is a big wetland country in the world. At present, there are 36.2 million hectares of natural wetlands in China, accounting for about 3.77% of the national territory. All kinds of wetlands listed in the Convention on Wetlands are distributed in China. After China joined the Convention on Wetlands on 1992, the protection and management of wetlands have been further strengthened and great achievements have been made. China has established 353 wetland nature reserves, and nearly 40% of the natural wetlands have been included in the scope of protection and have been well protected. China Wetland Protection Action Plan and National Wetland Protection Project Plan were formulated, and the first national wetland resource survey was completed, which laid a foundation for strengthening wetland protection. The pilot work of wetland protection and restoration has been carried out exploringly and accumulated many successful experiences. Extensive international cooperation, publicity, education and training activities on wetland protection have promoted the development of wetland protection. Especially with the country's great attention to ecological construction, the society's understanding of wetlands is changing from treating wetlands as wasteland to treating wetlands as important ecological resources of the country. Correspondingly, ideas and concepts are also changing from attaching importance to development and utilization to paying equal attention to protection and utilization, and gradually focusing on protection. Although these changes are preliminary, they are of great significance to wetland protection.

However, we should also clearly see that wetland protection is still a very prominent weak link in ecological construction, and the situation is still quite grim. First of all, it faces enormous pressure of economic development. In the past, the pressure mainly came from solving the problem of eating. In order to increase cultivated land, a large number of wetlands were reclaimed. At present, the pressure comes from pursuing economic development and overexploiting wetland resources for economic construction. Secondly, some basic problems affecting wetland protection and management have not been solved, especially the lack of ideological understanding, lack of policy mechanism, insufficient capital investment and weak management system. These problems have led to the phenomenon of blind development and utilization, indiscriminate occupation and abuse of wetlands in some places, resulting in the continuous reduction of wetland area and the continuous decline of wetland functions, and this trend continues.

In view of the current grim situation of wetland protection and management in China, in order to meet the new requirements of the country to comprehensively strengthen ecological construction, the guiding ideology and objectives of wetland protection and management in the coming period are: taking Theory of Three Represents as the guide, earnestly implementing the Scientific Outlook on Development, persisting in taking the protection of wetland ecosystem and improving ecological functions as the center, and relying on local governments at all levels and the whole social forces in accordance with the principles of active protection, scientific restoration, rational utilization and sustainable development. Conscientiously implement the requirements of the Notice on Strengthening Wetland Protection and Management, fully implement the national wetland protection project plan, and strive to achieve rapid and healthy development of wetland protection. By 20 10, 60% of the natural wetlands in China have been effectively protected, and the trend of shrinking wetland area and functional degradation has been curbed and initially reversed; By 2020, more than 70% of natural wetlands will be effectively protected, and the protection and utilization of wetlands will begin to enter a benign development track, forming a sound natural wetland protection network and management system.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the following relations should be correctly grasped and handled in wetland protection. The first is the relationship between protection, development and utilization. Establish the idea of giving priority to protection, insist on developing in protection, protect in development, strictly protect and standardize the use behavior, consolidate the protection achievements through scientific utilization, and introduce wetland protection management into the road of sustainable development. The second is the relationship between long-term interests and immediate interests. In accordance with the requirements of overall planning and coordinated development, we should combine wetland protection and development with increasing people's income and improving people's living standards to promote regional economic development and realize the harmony and unity of the three. The third is the relationship between the implementation of key projects and the work on the surface. Promoting large-scale development with large-scale projects is a successful experience of forestry construction and an important way to realize the rapid development of wetland cause. While implementing the wetland protection project, we should do a good job in wetland protection, make key breakthroughs and promote it in an all-round way. The fourth is the relationship between department leaders and relying on the strength of all parties. In accordance with the requirements of the transformation from forestry run by departments to forestry run by the whole society, while earnestly performing their duties, we should strengthen close cooperation with relevant departments to form a good situation in which the whole society cares for and supports the cause of wetland protection.

To achieve the above objectives, we must do five priority projects: wetland protection, wetland restoration, demonstration of sustainable utilization, management of protected areas and local communities, and improvement of protection capacity building. The priority of wetland protection is to strengthen the construction of wetland protection areas, play an important role in protecting natural wetlands, and take biological and engineering measures to control wetland pollution. The key project of wetland restoration is to allocate and manage water resources in important wetland protection areas, comprehensively improve degraded natural wetlands, and strive to restore the ecological functions of wetlands. The priority project of sustainable utilization demonstration is to select regions and projects with development potential and demonstration significance, carry out various forms of demonstration of sustainable utilization of wetland resources, and provide experience for the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure in wetland areas. The priority projects for the construction of protected areas and local communities are to design and plan projects with the community as the grass-roots unit of wetland protection and protection as the center, and vigorously implement community development projects conducive to wetland protection and sustainable utilization. The priority project to improve the protection capacity building is to establish national and local wetland resources investigation and monitoring system, science and technology support system, publicity and education training system, and improve the level of wetland protection and management.

To achieve the above objectives, we must focus on expanding wetland protection and restoring wetland area according to the fact that the current wetland protection work is still in the rescue protection stage, and do a good job in various key tasks. Conscientiously implement the national wetland protection project planning, prepare the short-term implementation plan of wetland protection project according to the requirements of the project planning, clarify the phased construction objectives and key projects, and seriously organize the implementation; Strengthen the rescue protection of natural wetlands, take the establishment of wetland reserves as the key measure of rescue protection, and set up protected areas in areas where conditions permit, so that more natural wetlands can be included in the protection scope as soon as possible. In places where it is difficult to establish protected areas temporarily due to conditions, actively establish protected communities or set up protected areas according to local conditions; Accelerate the formulation of "Regulations on Wetland Protection" and guide the management of wetland protection to the legal track; Take resolute and effective measures to stop the wanton occupation and illegal destruction of wetlands; Strengthen the scientific research on wetland protection and the construction of scientific and technological support system, and strengthen wetland training, resource monitoring and implementation; Carry out in-depth publicity and education on wetland protection, regard raising the awareness of wetland protection as the basic and forward-looking work of wetland protection, and make wetland protection become the conscious action of the broad masses of the people.