With the growth of population and economic development, the demand for water is getting faster and faster, and many countries are caught in the predicament of water shortage, and economic development is also restricted. However, due to the multi-sectoral nature of water resources development, various departments have different policies on water resources development and management, which hinders the comprehensive utilization of water resources and intensifies the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources.
On the other hand, people generally don't realize the seriousness of the destruction of water resources by human activities. In order to promote the comprehensive planning and management of water resources, strengthen the protection of water resources and solve the increasingly serious water problem, we should not only take technical measures, but also pay attention to social publicity and education. In addition to strengthening water resources management from the aspects of policies, laws and management systems, publicity and education should also be carried out to raise public awareness of water conservation. It is for the above reasons that the 47th session of the United Nations General Assembly decided on World Water Day according to the recommendation made by the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Chapter 2 1 Agenda, aiming at making the whole world care about and solve the water resources problem. People must be soberly aware that the water crisis is likely to come before the food crisis or oil crisis.
In North America, 4,654.38 million people drink "potion" every day.
North America is rich in fresh water resources (about 13% of the world's fresh water resources), but sometimes it still feels the pressure of insufficient water resources. Glaciers and snowfields, as the main water sources of the Canadian prairie, are shrinking. Some cities still have problems of water shortage and hidden dangers of drinking water safety.
According to a recent survey of water resources, the drinking water of 4,654,380,000 people in the United States contains a variety of pharmaceutical ingredients, including antibiotics, antispasmodics and sedatives. Although the content of drugs in drinking water is very small and will not immediately endanger health, scientists are worried that long-term intake of these drugs through drinking water may endanger health.
South America has 1/4 of the global water resources.
South America has a quarter of the world's water resources, while the population of the South American continent accounts for only one sixth of the world's population. However, the forest area in South America has been shrinking, and water resources are seriously threatened. In addition, the economic development in South America has also increased water consumption. Therefore, in terms of protecting water resources, South America has never reached the point of no worries.
654.38 billion people in Europe lack safe drinking water.
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe recently issued a communique saying that there are still 1 100 million people in Europe who lack safe drinking water, and Europe and other parts of the world must attach great importance to the water problem.
People in Africa13 lack drinking water.
Due to the influence of global warming, the rivers in Africa are facing great threats, which will lead to a serious water shortage in a quarter of the African continent at the end of this century. The report found that rivers on the African continent are very sensitive to changes in rainfall. In West Africa, even a small amount of precipitation will reduce the river flow by 80%, which will lead to what scientists call "water refugees".
At present, one-third of the population in Africa lacks drinking water, and nearly half of Africans get sick from drinking unclean water. The problem of water resources is also likely to be the trigger of disputes or conflicts between some African countries. Many rural women and girls in sub-Saharan Africa and other parts of the world walk several kilometers to find water every day. Because of this manual labor, these women and children have no chance to receive education at all, and they are busy with their families and livelihoods all day.
Oceania put forward a resounding slogan "Environment is a legal water user"
Even in sparsely populated Australia, water is scarce. Australia experienced a once-in-a-century drought in 2002, and the drought has eased since then, but since 2006, the drought has come again. The most seriously affected by drought is the Murray-Darling Basin.
The recent analysis of climate change in Australia by top researchers shows that the reduction of rainfall is likely to be related to global warming. In recent years, in order to ensure the sustainable development of the ecological environment, the government has taken measures to establish a comprehensive water distribution and water rights management system, and clearly put forward a resounding slogan: "the environment is a legal water user."
The Ganges River in Asia is listed as one of the most polluted rivers.
Water pollution, flood and drought have become the three major water-related "disasters" facing South Asia. India's domestic water quality ranks third from the bottom among 122 countries in the global assessment, and more than 2 million tons of industrial wastewater are directly discharged into rivers every day. Drinking and using polluted groundwater for cooking by local residents has caused many health problems. Water pollution seriously affects the health of ordinary people. Ganges, the main river flowing through northern India, is listed as one of the most polluted rivers in the world.
According to the report of Reuters, the Israeli drip irrigation water-saving technology has made another breakthrough, realizing the use of ultraviolet rays to purify water and bacteria to treat organic sewage. 60% of Israel's land area is classified as arid area, and all the water resources in Israel are owned by the state. Today, five years after the outbreak of the Iraq war, millions of people in Iraq lack clean drinking water.
Source: China Net.