After the September 18th Incident, Japanese imperialism stepped up its aggression against China. While they were colonizing the Northeast, they took advantage of the non-resistance of Nanjing National Government to extend the claws of aggression to North China step by step, and the national crisis became increasingly serious.

1In May and June of 935, the Japanese invaders conspired to create troubles in Tianjin and Hebei, and threatened with force, forcing the Nanjing National Government to accept and reach the "He-US Agreement" and the "Qin-Tu Agreement" and ceded most of the sovereignty of Hebei and Chahar provinces, including Ping Jin, to Japan.

Later, Japanese imperialism actively instigated the so-called "anti-autonomy movement" in five provinces of North China, and planned to establish a puppet regime under its direct control to carry out all-round political, military, economic and cultural aggression against North China. "North China is too big to hold a quiet desk", which aroused great indignation from people from all walks of life in Beiping.

Step 2 take to the streets

In the early morning of February 9, 65438, patriotic students' anti-Japanese anger erupted like a volcano. Students from Northeastern University, China University, Beiping Normal University and other schools held banners and slogans and went to xinhua gate respectively.

Nearly 1000 patriotic students from Tsinghua University and yenching university are far away from the city. When they arrived at Xizhimen, the city gate had been closed by the military and police, and the petitioners could not enter the city. Students from the two schools held a mass meeting in Xizhimen area to publicize the anti-Japanese war to nearby residents and the military and police guarding the city.

3. Save the country.

The anti-Japanese roar of "December 9" shocked the ancient capital Beiping and soon spread all over the country. * * * Beiping Temporary Working Committee and Beiping Student Union summarize in time and make arrangements for the next step. On 65438+February 1 1 day, students from all major schools in the city jointly went on strike.

The Kuomintang authorities were extremely frightened by the patriotic actions of students in Peiping, ordered the students' patriotic actions to be prohibited, and sent military police to block some key schools. But patriotic students can't put out the fire of resistance against Japan. Knowing that the Kuomintang authorities ignored the strong opposition of the broad masses of the people, the Beijing Temporary Working Committee decided to set up the "Jicha Government Affairs Committee" on June 65438+February 65438+June 6, and decided to hold a larger demonstration on this day.

4. Solidarity with Peiping

The patriotic struggle of Peiping students has dealt a blow to the arrogance of Japanese imperialism, exposed the traitorous behavior of the Kuomintang authorities, won the support and response of patriots from all walks of life, and promoted the anti-Japanese and national salvation movement.

12 18, presidents of six universities, including Peking University and Tsinghua University, jointly demanded the release of the arrested students. On the same day, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions urgently appealed to workers all over the country to help students save the country, and workers across the country went on strike to support the students' struggle.

Extended data:

I. Background of the event

After the September 18th Incident, Japanese imperialism stepped up its aggression against China. While carrying out colonial rule in the northeast, they took advantage of the non-resistance of the Nanjing National Government to extend the claws of aggression to North China step by step, and the national crisis became increasingly serious.

1In May and June of 935, the Japanese invaders conspired to create troubles in Tianjin and Hebei, and threatened with force, forcing the Nanjing National Government to accept and reach the "He-US Agreement" and the "Qin-Tu Agreement" and ceded most of the sovereignty of Hebei and Chahar provinces, including Ping Jin, to Japan.

Later, Japanese imperialism actively instigated the so-called "anti-autonomy movement" in five provinces of North China, and planned to establish a puppet regime under its direct control to carry out all-round political, economic and cultural aggression against North China. "North China is too big to hold a quiet desk", which aroused great indignation from people from all walks of life in Beiping.

Second, the event results

The Congress passed eight resolutions, opposing the Jicha Government Affairs Committee and any pseudo-organization in North China, demanding to stop the civil war, unite with the outside world, recover the lost land in Northeast China, and strive for anti-Japanese and patriotic freedom. After the rally, the procession rushed to the diplomatic building at the mouth of Dongjiaomin Lane, where the Jicha Government Affairs Committee was scheduled to be established, and held a general demonstration. The motorcade went to the front door and was stopped by a large number of police and security teams.

After repeated representations by student representatives, the military and police allowed the parade to enter the inner city in batches from Qianmen and Xuanwu Gate. In Xuanwumen, patriotic students were brutally suppressed by thousands of military and police, twenty or thirty people were arrested and nearly 400 people were injured. The anti-Japanese and national salvation demonstrations of Peiping students dealt a heavy blow to the traitorous activities of the Kuomintang government and forced the establishment of the Jicha government committee to be postponed.

The December 29th Movement won the support and response of the people of the whole country. Patriotic students in Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Xi, Kaifeng, Jinan, Taiyuan, Changsha, Guilin, Chongqing and other cities held petitions and demonstrations, or issued declarations and sent electricity to support the patriotic actions of students in Beiping.

The Students' Federation of the Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet Area also sent a response message, and people from all walks of life in the Soviet Area gathered to support the students' anti-Japanese and national salvation movements all over the country. 12 18, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions published "To Workers and Students' National Salvation Campaign" in Beiping, calling on male and female workers from all walks of life and factories to get up and convene a mass meeting, issue a declaration, electrify to protest against traitors and traitors in North China, and kill and arrest patriotic students.

On February 2, 65438+KLOC-0, Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions sent a telegram in support of Peiping students, calling on all compatriots in China to unite and gather the strength of the whole nation, opposing the existence of any pseudo-organization, safeguarding sovereignty and defending the country. Guangzhou railway workers, Shanghai Post and railway workers held a rally to demand a declaration of war against Japan.

Patriotic celebrities such as Lu Xun and Soong Ching Ling praised patriotic students' heroic struggle spirit and donated money to support students' anti-Japanese national salvation movement. Overseas Chinese also support patriotic students in various ways. The December 29th Movement widely publicized the anti-Japanese proposition that China's * * * production party and Kuomintang should stop the civil war and unite with foreign countries, which set off a new upsurge of the national anti-Japanese national salvation movement.

Baidu Encyclopedia-December 9th Movement