0 1
How many health care systems are there?
1. One-day living system
2. Meal management system
3. Physical exercise system
4. Sanitation and disinfection system
5. Admission and regular health examination system
6. Infectious disease prevention and control system
7. Common disease prevention and management system
8. Injury prevention system
9. Health education system
10. Health care information collection system
02
What are the requirements for children's daily calorie distribution?
The requirements for children's heat distribution throughout the day are:
Breakfast accounts for 20-25%
Lunch: 35-40%
Lunch: 10%
Dinner accounts for 20-30%
03
What should I do in the morning inspection?
Touch, feel whether there is fever.
Second, look at the pharynx, skin and mental state.
Three questions, diet, sleep and defecation.
Fourth, check whether there are infectious diseases, whether there are safe items in your pockets, and make comments in time.
04
What should I do for all-day observation?
For example, if you have a fever.
Observe the child's mental state, complexion, appetite, stool nature, frequency and sleep.
When children have fever, observe their mental state, complexion, breathing and other accompanying symptoms such as vomiting, headache and rash.
05
What kinds of physically weak children are there?
Nutritional iron deficiency anemia, growth retardation, mild malnutrition, recurrent infections (respiratory and digestive tract infections, asthma), nephritis, diabetes, congenital heart disease, special children and obese children.
06
How to manage obese children?
1. Guide children to avoid eating too much cereals and fatty foods, and ensure the food supply in protein.
For moderately obese children, let them drink some soup before eating.
3. Choose a lot of fruits and vegetables, lean meat can be increased, and the amount of rice and flour should be controlled.
4. Increase their physical activity appropriately.
5. Increase their confidence in losing weight, give them psychological guidance and eliminate psychological barriers.
6. Severe and above obese children should measure their blood pressure once a month, and check their blood lipids, blood sugar and cholesterol once a quarter.
07
Kindergarten medication and matters needing attention
1. The medical staff is responsible for delivering medicine for 20 minutes after meals.
2. Encourage children to take medicine by themselves. Take sweet medicine first, then bitter medicine. The medical staff must watch the child take the medicine before leaving.
3. Only accept therapeutic drugs given by parents, and do not accept health care drugs and nourishing drugs.
4. Before taking medicine, check the category, name, drug name, taking time, dosage and whether the drug is precipitated and deteriorated.
Precautions for medication in kindergartens:
1. Take antidiarrheal drugs before meals.
2. Drugs that stimulate the stomach and expectorants should be taken after meals.
Try not to use antibiotics when you have a cold.
Don't use antipyretics when the temperature is below 38 degrees.
Don't use cough medicine indiscriminately when coughing.
08
How to instruct the nurses in the class to disinfect the space?
Open the window for ventilation every day.
Under normal circumstances, the air is disinfected once a week and once a day during the epidemic season of infectious diseases.
Please pay attention when disinfecting with disinfection lamp: close the doors and windows, there is no one indoors, the time is 30 minutes, the disinfection is over, and children can enter after opening the window for ventilation.
09
How to make a recipe (two meals at a time)
1. First, understand the local supply of grain, vegetables, beans and meat.
According to the nutritional needs, choose the daily food and planned quantity, so that there is a correct ratio between nutrients and the ratio of protein, fat and carbohydrate is close to 1: 1: 4-5.
2. According to the standard of food expenses, based on the principle of economy, plan the amount needed for eating every day, so as to spend less money and be rich in nutrition.
3. Make recipes according to children's age and physiological characteristics.
4. Various side dishes and cooking techniques.
Grain 100g, animal food 60-80g, milk or soybean milk 100- 150g, bean products 10-25g, fruits and vegetables 100- 150g.
10
What equipment should the hygienist be equipped with?
Landscape lamp, disinfection lamp, elevation measuring instrument, weighing scale, disinfectant, sphygmomanometer, disinfection cabinet, ultrasonic atomizer, thermometer, stethoscope, dressing tube, square box, medicine cabinet, observation bed of data cabinet, tables and chairs, etc.
1 1
How to understand the development of children's physical exercise
According to the changes of different ages and seasons, arrange various physical exercise contents, make full use of natural factors such as sunshine, air and water, and let children participate in outdoor activities and exercises.
Outdoor activities should be no less than 2 hours every day, and physical activities should be no less than 2 hours, so as to improve the adaptability to external climate change and enhance the resistance to diseases.
In outdoor activities, as long as children's safety is not hindered, sports activities suitable for children's physiological conditions can be carried out. It is important to master the activity density and load of children, so that they can alternate between static and dynamic activities. Children who are "crazy" should be given a rest.
In hot summer, children should avoid running and jumping too much to prevent dehydration or heatstroke.
12
What are the unsafe factors in kindergartens?
Whether the system is sound, whether there are dangerous buildings, whether the safety passage is blocked, whether the joint of large toys is loose, whether the paint falls off, and whether there are thorns, corners and gaps. Whether the ground is too slippery, whether the steps are too high, whether the power supply is safe, whether the food source is safe, whether the drinking water and meals are too hot, whether the class detergent disinfection supplies are properly kept, and whether the staff care is in place.
13
How to arrange children's daily life system reasonably
1. Make a daily life schedule for children according to their age characteristics and seasonal changes.
2. Arrange the time, order, frequency and interval of the main contents of children's daily life (sleeping, eating, activities, games, homework, etc.). ) scientific and reasonable, combined with the characteristics of seasonal changes, considering the working hours and needs of parents.
3. Combine education with daily life, pay attention to the combination of static and dynamic, and combine indoor and outdoor activities. Daily outdoor activities should be no less than 2 hours for day care, no less than 3 hours for full-time care and no less than 1 hour for sports activities.
4. Get parents' cooperation to ensure children's attendance.
14
What aspects does the cultivation of children's hygiene habits refer to?
Eat, sleep, wash, defecate, take care of yourself and help each other.
15
Who are the members of the Committee? What's the point?
Director or director in charge, health care workers, health care workers' representatives, chefs' representatives and financial personnel.
Its members can simply understand the basic knowledge of children's nutrition, grasp the income and expenditure of monthly food expenses, and go deep into the class and kitchen to understand the children's dining situation and the chef's practical operation ability;
Supervise the food hygiene and safety work in kindergartens, and do a good job in preventing poisoning, theft and corrosion;
Supervise the strict separation of teachers' and students' meals, with detailed accounts for teachers' meals;
Supervise the regular publication of food accounts to parents every month;
Supervise the diversity, monotony and repetition of children's diet, so as to achieve the collocation of meat and vegetables, fine collocation and soft and hard collocation;
Whether the problems raised at the meeting have been solved or not should be followed up. This problem has been solved.
16
What is the focus of diet management?
1. The diet must meet the nutritional requirements to meet all the substances necessary for children's rapid growth and development.
2. There should be enough food nutrients in the food.
3. Establish a reasonable dining system, including meal time, frequency and the distribution of calories per meal.
4. The fund is dedicated to avoid poisoning.
17
What are the quality requirements for purchasing food?
1. When purchasing food, you should ask the supplier for quality requirements, check the food quality, and ask for a certificate or inspection report.
2.* Do not buy spoiled, moldy, insect-borne, harmful, toxic, adulterated or expired food.
Specific practices:
1. Check whether the purchased food is qualified or quarantine qualified.
2.* Deteriorating, moldy, moth-eaten, harmful, toxic, adulterated and stale food will not be accepted.
3. Acceptance records shall be properly kept for inspection.
18
How to match meals for classes and matters needing attention
According to the actual number of people in each class, assign to each class according to the number of recipes.
Try to distribute meat and vegetables according to the number of blocks and blocks to ensure everyone's intake.
It should be noted that the divided meals should be sent to the cooked food room in time, not in the cooking room, and the spoons of the divided meals should not be casually placed on the dining table. Workers who divide food must wear work clothes, hats and wash their hands before dividing food.
19
How to do a good job of class disinfection?
(Name of small toxic substance, disinfection time and disinfection method)
1. Housing space: open the window for ventilation every day, generally disinfect the air once a week, and disinfect it once a day during the epidemic season of infectious diseases. Close the doors and windows, and disinfect with a disinfection lamp for 30 minutes.
2. Towels: Wash and disinfect once a day, and soak in 84 disinfectant with a ratio of 1: 500 for 5- 10 minutes.
3. Towel rack: wipe off the ups and downs with clean water every day and scrub with disinfectant once a week.
4. Water cup: The water cup should be used by a special person. If the water cup is disinfected only once a day, if you drink milk or soybean milk from the water cup, you must clean it immediately and put it in the disinfection cabinet for disinfection, usually about 20 minutes.
5. Water cup box: Wipe it with disinfectant every morning and clean and disinfect it once a week.
6. Napkins: napkins can be disinfected in the disinfection cabinet before meals, or they can be soaked in disinfectant for 5- 10 minutes before meals.
7. Insulation barrel: Wipe the barrel body with disinfectant every morning and clean the barrel body every night.
8. Toys: Clean and disinfect once a week. Plastic toys can be washed with soap powder and exposed to the sun for 2 hours after washing. Wooden toys can be wiped with alcohol or disinfectant or exposed to the sun. Toy cabinets can be wiped with disinfectant 1-2 times a week.
9. Bedding: once every two weeks, 2-4 hours each time. In case of rainy season, the bedding can be opened and irradiated with disinfection lamp for half an hour, and the sheets, pillowcases and quilt covers should be cleaned once a month.
10. Bed rail: Wipe the floating ash on the windowsill with clean water every day and with disinfectant once a week.
1 1. Curtains: clean once every two months.
12. Bedside cushion: it is cleaned and disinfected once a week, and can be irradiated with disinfection lamp or soaked in disinfectant for 5- 10 minutes.
13. table and chair furniture: wipe it with clean water once a day, then use disinfectant and clean water before eating. If the desktop is dirty, use detergent water for the first time, clean water for the second time, disinfectant for the third time and clean water for the fourth time. A rag can't be wiped out, and a table is just a rag.
14. Toilet: Rinse with disinfectant once every morning and evening, and rinse with running water at any time after defecation.
20
Children's drinking water and matters needing attention, water cup disinfection
Half an hour after children enter the park, there should be children's drinking water in the insulation barrel to ensure that children can drink warm water at any time: there should also be sterilized water cups in the water cup box for children to drink;
It should be noted that the water temperature should not be too hot or too cold, depending on the fact that the water drops on the back of adults are not hot.
Disinfection of water cups: Water cups should be installed by special personnel. If you only drink water that day, the cup needs to be disinfected once. If you drink milk or soybean milk in a water cup, you must clean it immediately and put it in a disinfection cabinet for disinfection, usually about 20 minutes.
2 1
Children's hand washing and precautions
1. Teach children how to roll up or pull up their sleeves when washing their hands. Children who wear too much or move too little in winter have teachers to help roll up their sleeves.
2. When washing hands, wash palms, backs of hands, fingers and wrists. Wet palms and backs of hands with running water first, and then apply soap. Be sure to rub soap bubbles out of your hands, rinse them with running water and throw them into the pool three times to prevent water from dripping on the floor. Dry your hands with your own towel, and the child should help him pull up his sleeves.
3. When washing children's hands, the teacher should act softly and speak kindly. Don't grow long nails, and don't wear a ring that is easy to be bad for your child's skin.
It should be noted that the teacher in the bathroom must not leave when the child is washing, and must wait until the last child finishes washing.
1. Children who are unwell should be given special care and help when taking part in washing.
2. After washing, the nurse is responsible for cleaning and disinfection, mopping up the ground water stains and putting all kinds of items in order.
22
What should children pay attention to when they are outdoors?
Outdoor activities in the morning: all the staff go outdoors to observe and pay attention to every child, and activities that do not hinder the safety of children can be carried out.
During outdoor activities:
Children should not wear too many clothes. Before the activity, check whether the child's trousers and carrying are fastened.
When children drink water or urinate, they need a nurse to escort them to class and return them after completion;
Teachers and nurses should concentrate and don't leave the children at will. If there are special circumstances, they should be handed over to other on-the-job personnel and should not leave their posts in a hurry.
Teachers can't get together to chat;
Pay attention to the safety of outdoor venues, whether there are pits, glass and broken bricks, and if there are swimming pools or angular flower beds, let children avoid them;
Don't let children touch plants with thorns or plants that pick small fruits, so as not to accidentally enter the respiratory tract;
The nursing teacher is responsible for the aftermath and safety protection.
When children do exercises: the teacher leads and the nurse observes the children's emotions and clothes. Sick children should reduce exercise intensity or rest.
When playing with large outdoor toys, children must be taken care of and helped by teaching staff. Check whether the large toys are loose, cracked, pricked and nailed before playing. Remind children to play in order, don't crowd and push.
23
What should I pay attention to when cooking for my children?
1. Pay attention to the distribution of quantity and quality when serving children. How much is the first bowl of rice? Pay attention to the collocation of meat and vegetables when serving, and the quantity of meat and vegetables should be evenly matched. It's worth waiting for something with bones Give two napkins above each table and let the children wipe their hands.
2. Middle and large classes allow children to serve their own meals, but they are not allowed to serve soup. Small classes and kindergartens are not allowed to bring their own meals and soup, and teachers use them as gifts.
After the meal, the wet nurse should not walk around, and stand before the meal to take care of the children and add meals. At this time, the educator's teacher should tour to guide and observe the children to eat correctly, so as to know which children have added meals and how much.
4. When feeding the children, it can be decided according to the individual differences of the children, but we should strive for every child to add meals. When instructing children to eat, don't urge them to "eat quickly". You can encourage them to chew slowly and add food to them. Don't ask him, "Do you want more meals?" Can you ask, "have you added vegetables?" Try to finish your meal.
Add soup to your child, don't fill the soup too full, and don't pass the soup bowl over your child's head to avoid accidents.
24
What are the safety work in kindergartens?
The director is always in charge, and there is a special person in charge of safety work in the park. Set up a safety working group to strengthen the sense of responsibility of faculty and staff.
1. guard management: close the door every morning and open the door on time after school. Adhere to the record of entering and leaving the park.
2. Each class insists on using pick-up cards to prevent children from getting lost and strangers from picking up their children.
3. Strengthen safety inspection and supervision: regularly check whether the facilities in the park have peeling paint, whether the tables and chairs have nails, wood thorns, corners, cracks and trips, whether the ground is too slippery, and whether the joints of large toys are loose; Regularly check whether there are potential safety hazards in the park and classes, such as water bottles, boiling water, overheated meals, knives and scissors, thumbtack locks, disinfectant, power sockets, medicines, heating, etc.
4. Strengthen the morning inspection: touch, look, ask and ask strictly, and children are not allowed to bring any dangerous goods into the park. If blunt objects, sharp tools, peanuts, fire materials and other items are found, they should be confiscated immediately or brought back by their parents, and their dangers should be informed.
5. Strictly implement the provisions of the Food Sanitation Law to prevent food poisoning. Dining halls and warehouses should be kept away from idle people, and children should not be brought into dining halls and boiling water rooms.
6. Pay attention to indoor and outdoor environmental sanitation, clean the park every day, eliminate the four pests, ensure that there are no mosquitoes, flies, cockroaches and rats in the park, and keep the toilet free of odor, sewage and dirt.
7. Pay attention to working hours, don't do personal things, don't visit relatives and friends, and prevent children from accidents.
8. Staff vehicles should be parked in designated places in the park.
There should be a safe passage in the park. Every day after work, someone should check whether the doors and windows, power supply, fire source and oil source are closed.
25
What disinfectant do you use? How to use it?
Commonly used 84 disinfectant dosage:
1. Dining table: Before two meals, please prepare 84 disinfectant according to the ratio of 1: 100, and then wipe or spray the table top, legs, sides and bottom with a rag or watering can.
2. Chairs, cabinets, handles, bedside, window sills, handrails, faucets and walls: After lunch every day and after children leave the garden at night, please prepare disinfectant according to the ratio of wall 1: 50 and other 1: 100, and wipe or spray with a rag or watering can.
3. Floor and toilet: Please prepare disinfectant according to the ratio of 1: 50, drag and spray according to the dirty floor, spray the toilet, and disinfect the bathroom and floor at least four times a day. The faucets, water pipes and walls in the bathroom should be disinfected before each use.
4. Towel: Soak the towel twice a week with disinfectant with the ratio of 1: 200 for half an hour, then clean it and dry it in the sun.
5. Toys: After each use, soak the toys in 1: 200 disinfectant for half an hour, clean and wipe with1:kloc-0/00 disinfectant every Friday, and spray the ground with disinfectant at 1: 50 every day.
6. Bedding and books: Bedding and books are exposed to the sun once a week according to the weather conditions, and the time is not less than 2 hours, and ultraviolet disinfection is performed every night 1 hour. Bedding is dismantled and washed once every semester, and quilt cover and pillowcase are cleaned once a week.
7. Moisture-proof items: After the children leave the garden every evening, please ask the teacher to spray and disinfect all moisture-proof items in the class. Spraying should be based on the degree that the liquid does not flow, and the disinfectant should be prepared according to the ratio of 1: 50 (100 g of 84 disinfectant to 5 kg of water).
8. Special circumstances: If there are children with infectious diseases in the class, all the children will be disinfected after leaving the park. Children's clothes and bedding will be soaked in hot water (ringing water) above 70 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes, and then cleaned. Children's towels will be boiled for 5 minutes after washing. Heat-resistant clothes are exposed to the sun, and containers containing excrement or vomit can be soaked in 84 disinfectant 100g water 1 kg solution 15 minutes or more.