First, attention should be paid to the inheritance and development of urban traditional culture in the preparation of urban planning.
Urban planning is the policy and guide of urban construction and the legal basis of urban construction. The formation and development of a city often takes hundreds to thousands of years. In the historical process of hundreds to thousands of years, different forms of economic production and cultural phenomena have appeared in different periods and under different environmental conditions, such as changes in humanities, social environment, natural ecological environment and natural disasters, which will lead to different cultures and characteristics between cities. In the compilation of urban planning, in addition to guiding the current urban economic construction activities, it is more important to collect and study the history of urban development and the process of seeking cultural evolution. These collection and research work are to find the connection between urban planning and urban traditional culture, and to highlight the historical development law of the city and its characteristics and personality. Urban planning without characteristics and individuality can be said to be an unqualified planning, a planning that cannot guide the correct construction of the city, or a failed urban planning. The city built according to this plan will lead to historical faults in urban construction and will cause great damage to the history and culture of the city, which is what we often call "constructive destruction" and "destructive construction".
Urban planning is the legal document basis for guiding urban construction. In the planning, the historical data of the city's past development should be collected first, among which the cultural and historical data is an important collection and research object, which should be emphasized in the planning. Such as the protection planning of historic cities, the transformation planning of old cities, the protection planning of traditional historical blocks, and the protection planning of key cultural relics and historic sites. Due to the compilation of these professional and special plans, the development of urban traditional culture, and the rescue protection of some historical and cultural (including intangible culture) monuments that are on the verge of disappearing, urban construction has taken fewer detours. For example, Xiangfan is an ancient city with a long history, with many precious places of interest. In the 1960s and 1970s, the city's places of interest suffered catastrophic damage. Under such difficult conditions, Migong Temple, the hometown of Mi Fei, a great calligrapher of the Song Dynasty, in Xiangfan City, has been vigorously protected by the planning department. There was once a big factory "eyeing" to bring Migong Temple into the factory living area, demanding that Migong Temple be demolished to build a family area. In order to protect the former residences of celebrities in the Song Dynasty, the planning department demonstrated according to the master plan of Xiangfan City, and resisted the pressure at that time. Not only did Migong Temple not be allocated to the factory, but also the planned development land was reserved in Migong Temple according to the planning requirements. Migong Temple is not only well preserved, but also part of the land in the factory living area is set aside as the land for Migong Temple. Migong Temple finally opened its doors to welcome guests in the 1980s, welcoming visitors who have been here for 30 years. The cultural relics department thanked the planning department for its work. Another example is the demolition and retention of Xiangyang ancient city wall and the filling and retention of the widest moat in China, which was also severely challenged at that time. According to the urban planning, the planning department tries its best to protect it, puts forward protection planning opinions together with the cultural relics department, and submits them to the municipal government to publicize the significance of protecting Xiangyang ancient city and moat and its role in the future development of Xiangfan city, so as to preserve Xiangyang ancient city wall and moat. With the continuous efforts of the urban planning department and the cultural department, 1986 Xiangfan was finally announced by the State Council as a national historical and cultural city.
Second, urban planning should not only inherit urban history and culture, but also carry forward urban culture and highlight urban personality and characteristics.
The history of a city is the city's yesterday and the footprint of its development. The city will continue to develop and continue, as will its history and culture. In urban planning, we should not only inherit the traditional culture of the city, but also highlight the personality and characteristics of the city. A city without characteristics is a city without vitality. In addition to inheriting history and culture, the preparation of urban planning should also carry forward the traditional culture of the city, enhance the affinity of the city, improve its characteristics, build its brand and enhance its status and competitiveness according to its future development. Take the urban construction of Xiangfan as an example. Xiangfan is the hometown of three major cultures, and Zhuge Liang's famous place invited by Liu Bei is in Longzhong, 30 miles west of Xiangyang City. 1949, the former residence of Zhuge Liang was less than 0? 5 square kilometers, in order to build Xiangfan's historical and cultural brand, in the planning and urban construction management, in the planning and environmental protection of Longzhong scenic spot, we should give full land security, pay attention to the optimization and protection of the ecological environment, and fully consider and formulate the implementation measures of planning security. In addition to strengthening the construction of scenic spots in Longzhong, other scenic spots in Xiangfan City have also been given priority protection and development, such as Tanxi in Ma Yue at the foot of Zhenwu Mountain, Han Zhuo Pavilion and Bizhuochi in Xianshan Mountain by Liu Bei, Jingzhou Ancient Governance in Xiangyang City, and Zhuge Liang's "Going Up the Ladder and Asking for Policy" building and model in the east of Xiangyang City. If conditions permit, it will gradually develop into a tourist spot of urban cultural relics and historic sites, and a bronze statue of Zhuge Liang with a height of 14 meters has been erected in the largest square in Xiangfan City, also named Zhuge Liang Square, which has promoted the culture of the Three Kingdoms in Xiangfan.
In order to build a harmonious and beautiful Xiangfan, it is planned to make full use of Xiangyang ancient city wall and wide Xiangyang moat resources, and build a park around the city and a "Xiangyang family" leisure and entertainment area by the wall moat. Nowadays, it has become a place where Xiangfan citizens and foreign tourists set foot and a major attraction of Xiangfan's urban construction.
Three, urban planning and construction should be people-oriented, harmony first.
A city is a large-scale residential area, which is the same space for people to produce, work and live. In this big "home", it is also a zone of harmonious coexistence and contradictions. In addition to the concerted efforts of all citizens in Qi Xin, coordinated management by the government, balancing the interests of all parties and promoting the harmonious development of the city, urban planning should pay more attention to the awareness of building a harmonious city and eliminate the uncoordinated factors in planning. China has entered the period of modern civilization construction, and people have put forward higher requirements for the improvement of urban production, working and living conditions, requiring a high standard of harmonious urban construction atmosphere. In the 1950s, the outline of a socialist city was a "new scene" of a "thriving" socialist city with lights and telephones upstairs and downstairs, chimneys and tall buildings. At that time, it was thought that this was socialism.
From today's perspective: "upstairs and downstairs light telephone" has been realized, not only lamps and telephones, but also televisions and computers have become popular, and information has begun to network. However, citizens can no longer agree with the symbol of "industrialization" at that time, that is, chimneys were everywhere in the city. Now, it is particularly urgent to "clear" those black smoke chimneys out of the urban area and protect the urban environment.
As far as the urban construction of Xiangfan is concerned, in the 1960s and 1970s, citizens made up a jingle: "Chemical industry is everywhere in the east, south, west, north and middle", which shows that the urban planning and construction at that time was unbalanced, ignoring the planning and construction ideas of urban functional zoning and the people-oriented urban construction concept, which made the urban environmental conditions worse and worse. Since the 1990s, it has attracted great attention from urban planning departments. Therefore, the adjustment of unreasonable land use layout is mentioned as an important planning content in the compilation of Xiangfan city master plan. In addition to the layout of urban functional zoning, unreasonable industrial enterprises are also arranged in the corresponding functional zoning.
For example, the titanium dioxide factory (then a suburb, now an urban area) built in the north of Qianjin Road in the 20th century plans to move to the outer suburb industrial zone. For example, a chemical building materials industrial development zone is planned in Yujiahu, which is 0/5km away from the urban area, to move a batch of polluting chemical industries such as pharmaceuticals and chemicals from the urban area to Yujiahu Chemical Zone. Youfanggang, far away from the northeast suburb of the city, will establish an automobile industrial zone, and gradually move the scattered automobile supporting industrial enterprises in the city into the automobile industrial zone. Due to the relocation of some polluting factories scattered in the urban area, the commercial services, cultural education and residential land conditions in the urban area have been improved, the chaotic situation of urban land use has been controlled, and the living environment has been greatly improved.
In the sixties and seventies, the focus was on developing production and strengthening the urban production economy, because at that time, production was low and living conditions were poor, and the problem of "eating" was mainly solved. The living environment did not mention the important construction schedule, and put forward the slogan of "production first, then life" in the development of production.
After the 1990s, after decades of struggle, China's national strength, citizens' economic conditions and production conditions have been greatly improved, and higher requirements have been put forward for the environment of the city where it lives, and the concept of "people-oriented" urban construction has been recognized. Urban planning and urban construction management are also moving towards the concept of humanized construction. In addition to attaching importance to the inheritance of urban traditional culture and highlighting urban characteristics, it is important to realize the goal of "people-oriented" modern harmonious city construction through planning methods.
In the past, in urban planning and construction, the economic model of rapid urban development was mainly emphasized, and the harmonious humanistic construction atmosphere was lacking. For example, urban construction, urban infrastructure construction always owes the most; Always crowding out the investment in urban public facilities and "developing" the industry; Urban development often caters to the interests of developers; Sacrificing the interests of citizens and crowding out urban public green space, urban "three wastes" cannot be treated, the environment deteriorates, and the citizens' body and mind are affected.