9. A: Put forward the three slogans of peace, democracy and reunification, send Mao Zedong to Chongqing to negotiate and sign a double cross agreement; Give up eight liberated areas; Crush the local military provocation of the Kuomintang from the standpoint of self-defense; At the Chongqing Political Consultative Conference, the democratic parties were United in the struggle and five resolutions in favor of the people were adopted by the CPPCC. ? After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, China vigorously opposed civil war dictatorship and strived for peace and democracy according to the wishes of the people of the whole country.

14. The problem we are facing is that at the beginning of the founding of New China, it was the mess left by the National Government. After eight years of anti-Japanese war and four years of civil war, the national economy is on the verge of collapse and inflation is serious.

Measures to restore and develop the national economy

1. Confiscation of bureaucratic capital:

Function: Confiscating bureaucratic capital was the most important measure at that time, which laid the foundation for consolidating the people's political power and restoring the national economy.

2. Stabilize prices and unify finance and economics:

There are two major battles to stabilize prices, namely "the battle of silver dollar" and "the battle of rice and cotton".

Function: the fundamental purpose of stabilizing prices is to consolidate political power, and the greatest function is to win the trust of the party and the people's government.

The integration of finance and economics has initially formed a highly centralized economic management system.

3. Reasonable adjustment of industry and commerce:

Role: Adjust public-private relations. That is, adjust the relationship between state-owned industry and commerce and private industry and commerce. Make the capitalist economy recover and develop under the guidance of the state-owned economy;

Adjust labor relations. That is to deal with the relationship between workers and capitalists. Capitalists recognize workers' democratic rights, improve workers' wages and welfare benefits, but at the same time ensure that capitalists get reasonable profits. The essence is to establish the leading position of the working class in private enterprises.

15. favorable situation: ① capitalist camp (weakened)

② Oriental Group (expanded)

③ A large number of nation-states in Asia, Africa and Latin America are independent.

④ The establishment of new China.

Disadvantage: The imperialist countries are hostile to the new China. The western countries led by the United States carried out the policy of political isolation, economic blockade and military siege against China.

Foreign policy: We pursue an independent foreign policy, namely the five principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence.

The basic principles are "start a new stove", "clean the house first and then treat it" and "one-sided"

19. Correct ideological guidance: a report on ten major relationships

In * * * "Eight"

Put forward the eight-character policy of "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement"

Mistake: "Great Leap Forward" and People's Communalization Movement

Cultural Revolution